“我是中国人民解放军军人,我宣誓:服从中国共产党的领导,全心全意为人民服务……”
这是咱们PLA的入伍誓词,听谁的话,为谁服务,一听就明白。
可是,你知道美军的入伍誓词么?他们到底听谁的话、为谁服务呢?
美国联邦法律要求,每个加入美国武装部队的人都必须宣誓,不管是不是初次入伍,还是多次入伍。(美国允许多次入伍)
入伍誓词由军官组织实施,根据传统,宣誓仪式得在美国国旗或其他旗帜(州旗、军种旗)面前进行,另外,旗帜边上一般都会放置一个大的广告牌,上面写有宣誓的内容。
武装部队入伍誓词(国民警卫队除外)
武装部队组织入伍宣誓时,有一名军官负责领誓,其他人跟着这名军官复述誓言。译文如下:
我(姓名)郑重宣誓(或申明),我将支持和捍卫美国宪法,反对一切外国和国内的敌人;我将怀着真正的信念和忠诚;我将依据《军事司法统一法典》,服从美国总统的命令,服从军官对我的命令。上帝保佑我。
(原文:I, (NAME), do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; and that I will obey the orders of the President of the United States and the orders of the officers appointed over me, according to regulations and the Uniform Code of Military Justice. So help me God.)
陆军或空军国民警卫队宣誓
国民警卫队入伍宣誓稍稍有些不同,因为他们还必须遵守和履行各州的宪法。译文如下:
我(姓名)郑重宣誓(或申明),我将支持捍卫美国和(州名)州的宪法,反对一切外国和国内敌人;我将怀着真正的信念和忠诚;我将根据法律规章,服从美国总统、(州名)州长和官员对我的命令。上帝保佑我。
(原文:I, (NAME), do solemnly swear (or affirm) that I will support and defend the Constitution of the United States and the State of (STATE NAME) against all enemies, foreign and domestic; that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the same; and that I will obey the orders of the President of the United States and the Governor of (STATE NAME) and the orders of the officers appointed over me, according to law and regulations. So help me God.)
美国入伍誓词的历史变化
在美国独立战争期间,大陆会议( Continental Congress,又名费城会议)为大陆军制定了很多版本的入伍誓言。1775年6月14日,美军投票通过了第一个入伍誓言,其内容摘选自大陆军法案。译文如下:
我(名字,姓名)今天,我自愿作为一名士兵在美国大陆军队服役一年,除非更早退伍。而且我发誓,在任何情况下,都会遵守军队建立的规则和规章。
(原文:I (NAME) have, this day, voluntarily enlisted myself, as a soldier, in the American continental army, for one year, unless sooner discharged: And I do bind myself to conform, in all instances, to such rules and regulations, as are, or shall be, established for the government of the said Army.)
1776年9月20日,根据国会批准的 “战争条例”第3条第1款,美军对入伍誓词作了改动。译文如下:
我(名字,姓名)发誓(或肯定)忠于美利坚合众国,诚实和忠实地为他们服务,反对所有敌人;遵守和服从大陆会议的命令,以及将军和军官对我的命令。
(原文:I (NAME) swear (or affirm) to be true to the United States of America, and to serve them honestly and faithfully against all their enemies opposers whatsoever; and to observe and obey the orders of the Continental Congress, and the orders of the Generals and officers set over me by them.)
1789年9月29日,美军入伍宣誓又进行了修改。修改后誓词适用于所有服役于美国的军官、士官和士兵。它分为两部分,第一部分译文如下:
我A.B.庄严宣誓或(视情况而定)我将支持美国宪法。
(原文:I, A.B., do solemnly swear or affirm (as the case may be) that I will support the constitution of the United States.)
第二部分译文如下:
我A.B.庄严宣誓或申明(视属何情况而定)对美利坚合众国真诚效忠,诚实和忠实地为他们服务,反对他们的所有敌人或反对者,并遵守和服从美利坚合众国总统的命令和军官对我的命令……
(原文:I, A.B., do solemnly swear or affirm (as the case may be) to bear true allegiance to the United States of America, and to serve them honestly and faithfully, against all their enemies or opposers whatsoever, and to observe and obey the orders of the President of the United States of America, and the orders of the officers appointed over me……)
1789年,美军入伍誓词正再一次进行了修改,改成了今天这个模样——陆军和空军国民警卫队说一种,其他武装部队说一种。
宣誓时一脸忠诚,豪情万丈,但在实际行动中,美军那就不一定像誓词说的那样干了。
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