【AI绿视界】护水者周报（4.7）

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本周周报（2025年4月7日）

保护行动动态

休斯敦湾市护水者（美国得克萨斯州）及其合作伙伴取得了一场重大的法律胜利，美国一家联邦法院裁定，墨西哥湾的近海石油出售行为属非法。华盛顿特区地方法院判定，美国内政部开展的涉及 7300 万英亩的近海石油和天然气租赁出售活动是不合法的。法院发现，这家美国联邦机构违反了《国家环境政策法》，因为它对该项目的气候影响进行了具有误导性的分析，且未考虑到租赁出售活动对极度濒危的赖斯鲸的影响。休斯敦湾市护水者及高级法律总监克里斯汀・施莱默认为，这一裁决将迫使美国政府认真考虑休斯敦以及得克萨斯州沿海地区的现实生活状况。参与此次诉讼的其他环保组织的律师和负责人也对这一裁决表示认同，该裁决为他们追究大型石油公司的责任、保护当地社区铺平了道路。

特拉华河护水者（美国特拉华州）对美国环境保护署（EPA）提起诉讼，要求提高水质标准。由于这起诉讼，一项尚未最终确定的法律协议要求美国环保署在 6 月 30 日前提高特拉华河所需的含氧量标准。几十年来，污水处理厂一直在向河中排放氨，导致河水中的含氧量低到危险水平，威胁到了大西洋鲟鱼和其他几种本地物种。目前，这种排放并不违反现有的法律标准。特拉华河为横跨 42 个县和 5 个州的 1700 多万人提供饮用水，同时也为人们提供了渔业资源，可用于获取食物和收入。如果不提高水质标准，可能会对该地区无数的植物、动物和人类造成毁灭性的影响。

萨斯奎哈纳河下游护水者（美国宾夕法尼亚州）泰德・叶夫根尼亚季斯注意到，有液体从管道中流出，流入位于 J&K 打捞场附近的科多勒斯溪。在对水样进行检测后，他发现打捞场排放的废水受到了重金属和全氟及多氟烷基物质（PFAS，通常被称为 “永久性化学物质”）的污染。针对这些检测结果，护水者协会和切萨皮克法律联盟发出了一份意向通知，称将根据美国《清洁水法》对 J&K 打捞场提起诉讼。该通知要求打捞场立即采取行动，遵守联邦和州的环境法律。如果 J&K 打捞场不遵守规定，护水者协会将在联邦法院寻求对《清洁水法》以及州和联邦法律的强制执行。J&K 打捞场的老板乔・达拉否认了这些指控，坚称打捞场没有向小溪中排放任何物质。此前，J&K 打捞场曾被发现违反了一项关于其金属粉碎机抛出木瓦和碎屑的法院命令。萨斯奎哈纳河下游护水者和切萨皮克法律联盟发出这份通知，旨在防止 J&K 打捞场继续违反联邦和州的清洁水法律。

哈得孙河护水者（美国纽约州）特蕾西・布朗就特朗普政府重组美国环保署的提议接受了《卫报》的采访。由于该机构正面临来自其自身领导层的挑战，护水者和其他一些组织不得不将工作重点从积累科学知识转移到开展适应措施上。这些措施包括实施一些办法来减轻暴雨引发的洪水所造成的影响，因为洪水可能会导致栖息地破坏和财产损失。布朗认为，如果联邦政府的支持减少，那就需要当地社区采取行动并支持这些举措。她觉得政府援助的缺失对每个人来说都是一个警醒。

双港护水者（美国华盛顿州）李・弗斯特最近撰写了一篇专栏文章，阐述了他对太平洋西北可再生能源公司（PNWRE）拟建一座大型木质颗粒厂的担忧。在最近的一次霍奎厄姆市议会会议上，太平洋西北可再生能源公司的一名代表称，该公司将使用森林采伐剩余物作为工厂的原材料。然而，森林采伐剩余物并不被视为可再生能源。此外，该代表还表示，这座颗粒厂将改善空气质量，这与在密西西比州开展的一项研究结论直接相悖，该研究发现，颗粒厂的排放物超出了《清洁空气法》规定的阈值高达五倍之多。虽然许多人认为太平洋西北可再生能源公司的计划可能会对林产品行业起到支持作用，但也有人担心这会导致当地鲑鱼物种灭绝、森林被大规模砍伐以及洪水风险增加。由于存在有害空气污染的风险，当地团体就该项目的空气运营许可证提出了上诉。华盛顿州污染控制听证委员会将在未来几个月内审查该许可证的有效性。

巴哈马护水者呼吁这个岛国迫切需要解决玻璃瓶随意倾倒的问题。这种行为可能引发易燃事件，而气候变化会加剧这类事件，比如近几个月来发生的毁灭性野火。随意丢弃的玻璃碗、玻璃瓶、玻璃罐和其他物品会聚集太阳光从而引发火灾。由于这个易受气候变化影响的国家正努力应对气候变化带来的问题，如海平面上升和沿海树木干枯，巴哈马护水者强调需要在消防资源方面进行投入，并提高沿海地区的环境保护意识。

资料储备库资源提醒

为了支持针对清洁水源、环境保护及相关政策所受攻击的有效抵制策略，护水者联盟（Waterkeeper Alliance）为各个护水者组织创建了一个工具和资源资料库。该资料库可扫描下方二维码获取，它将根据美国及全球范围内的政策发展、重点事项、面临的挑战以及出现的机遇，随着信息的分享或获取而定期更新。为了确保我们能满足所有护水者组织的需求，并加强全球对清洁水源所受攻击的统一应对措施，我们鼓励您向护水者会员服务总监巴特・米哈伊洛维奇（Bart Mihailovich）反馈意见，以便为您的倡导工作提供及时且量身定制的支持。

APRIL 7, 2025

NEWS FROM THE MOVEMENT

Bayou City Waterkeeper(Texas, U.S.) and partners achieved a massive legal victory when a U.S. federal court ruled that the Gulf of Mexico offshore oil sale was illegal. The D.C. District Court determined the 73-million acre offshore oil and gas lease sale conducted by the U.S. Department of the Interior was unlawful. The court found that the U.S. federal agency violated the National Environmental Policy Act by providing a misleading analysis of the project's climate impact and failing to account for the lease sales's effects on the critically endangered Rice's whale.Bayou City Waterkeeper and Senior Legal Director Kristen Schlemmerbelieves this ruling will compel the U.S. government to seriously consider the realities of life in Houston and along the Texas coast. Attorneys and directors from other environmental organizations involved in the lawsuit expressed agreement with the ruling, which paves the way for them to hold Big Oil accountable and protect local communities.

Delaware Riverkeeper(Delaware, U.S.) filed a lawsuit against the U.S. EPA to improve water quality standards. As a result of this lawsuit, a pending legal agreement requires the U.S. EPA to raise the standards for the Delaware River’s required oxygen levels by June 30. For decades, wastewater treatment plants have been discharging ammonia into the river, leading to dangerously low oxygen levels that threaten the Atlantic sturgeon and several other native species. This discharge does not currently violate the existing legal standards. The Delaware River supplies drinking water to over 17 million people across 42 counties and five states. It also supplies fishing opportunities for both food and income. If the water quality standards are not raised, it could have devastating effects on countless plants, animals, and people in the area.

Lower Susquehanna Riverkeeper( Pennsylvania, U.S.),Ted Evgeniadisobserved fluids pouring from pipes into Codorus Creek from the J&K Salvage Yard. After testing the water, he discovered that the discharge from the salvage yard was contaminated with heavy metals and per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), commonly referred to as “forever chemicals.” In response to these findings, the Riverkeeper Association and the Chesapeake Legal Alliance filed a notice of intent to bring a lawsuit against J&K Salvage Yard under the U.S. Clean Water Act. This notice demands that the salvage yard take immediate action to comply with federal and state environmental laws. If J&K fails to comply, the Riverkeeper Association will pursue enforcement of the Clean Water Act and state and federal laws in federal court. Joe Darrah, the owner of J&K, denies the accusations, asserting that the salvage yard does not discharge any materials into the creek. Previously, J&K Salvage had been found violating a court order concerning shingles and debris being flung from its metal shredder. The Lower Susquehanna Riverkeeper and the Chesapeake Legal Alliance are using this notice to prevent J&K Salvage Yard from continually violating federal and state clean water laws.

Hudson Riverkeeper(New York, U.S.)Tracy Brownwas interviewed by The Guardian regarding the Trump administration’s proposal to repurpose the U.S. EPA. With the agency facing challenges from its own leadership, Riverkeeper and other organizations are forced to shift their focus from building scientific knowledge to adaptation efforts. This includes implementing measures to mitigate the impacts of flooding caused by heavy rainfall, which can lead to habitat destruction and property loss. Brown believes that if federal support declines, it will be up to local communities to take action and support these initiatives. She considers the lack of government assistance a wake-up call for everyone.

Twin Harbors Waterkeeper( Washington, U.S.)Lee Firstrecently wrote an op-ed outlining his concerns about the Pacific Northwest Renewable Energy's (PNWRE) proposal to build a large wood pellet plant. At a recent Hoquiam City Council meeting, a representative from PNWRE claimed that the company would use logging slash from forests as raw materials for the plant. However, forest slash is not considered a renewable energy source. Additionally, the representative stated that the pellet plant would improve air quality, directly contradicting a study conducted in Mississippi, which found that emissions from pellet plants exceeded Clean Air Act thresholds by up to five times. While many believe that PNWRE's plan could support the forest products industry, there are concerns that it will lead to the extinction of local salmon species, the clear-cutting of forests, and an increased risk of flooding. Local groups filed an appeal regarding the project's air operating permit due to the risk of harmful air pollution. The Washington Pollution Control Hearings Board will review the permit's validity in the coming months.

Waterkeepers Bahamas(Bahamas) is calling out the urgent need for the island nation to address the indiscriminate dumping of glass bottles. This practice can lead to combustible events, which are exacerbated by climate change, such as devastating wildfires in recent months. Glass bowls, bottles, jars, and other items left lying around can concentrate the sun's rays to ignite a fire. As this climate-vulnerable nation grapples with climate change issues, such as rising sea levels and drying coastal trees, Waterkeepers Bahamas is emphasizing the need to invest in firefighting resources and improve environmental protection awareness for coastal areas.

SHELF RESOURCES REMINDER

To support an effective opposition strategy against attacks on clean water, environmental protections, and policies, Waterkeeper Alliance has created a repository of tools and resources for Waterkeeper groups. This repository, available here, will be regularly updated based on policy developments, priorities, challenges, and opportunities in the U.S. and globally as information is shared and/or becomes available. To ensure we are meeting the needs of all Waterkeeper groups and strengthening a united global response to clean water attacks, we encourage you to share feedback with Bart Mihailovich, Waterkeeper Membership Services Director, to inform timely and tailored support for your advocacy efforts.

本文来自Waterkeeper Alliance，不代表绿色浙江立场

本文中文版由AI工具翻译，如有错误，敬请留言

编辑：陈林孝

初审：姚沁田

二审：朱紫伊

终审：董　舒