北京
南昌汉代海昏侯墓考古发掘成果公布十周年暨汉代区域文化学术研讨会8日在南昌举行，会上专家公布了海昏简牍的最新修复进展。其中，海昏侯墓中出土《诗经》相关简牍约1200枚，并首次发现秦汉时期全本《诗经》。
The latest progress in the restoration of the Haihun bamboo slips was unveiled at the 10th anniversary conference on the archaeological discoveries of the Marquis of Haihun tomb in Nanchang, East China's Jiangxi province, on Saturday. Among the highlights is the discovery of the first complete version of
The Book of Songs(Shi Jing) from the Qin and Han dynasties (221BC-AD220).
海昏侯墓主是汉武帝之孙刘贺。该墓共出土各类文物一万余件(套)，这些文物系统展现了西汉时期的礼制规范、工艺水平与生活方式。在纸张发明之前，竹简、木片是古人最主要的书写载体，海昏侯墓中共出土竹简木牍5000余枚。
Before the invention of paper, bamboo and wooden slips were the main writing materials used in ancient China.
海昏侯刘贺墓出土《诗经》竹简
江西省文物考古研究院研究馆员、海昏侯墓考古发掘领队杨军表示，海昏侯墓中出土《诗经》相关简牍约1200枚，简上有“诗三百五篇，凡千七十六章，七千二百七十四言”，证明海昏简《诗经》是全本《诗经》，这是秦汉时期全本《诗经》的首次发现。
"Around 1,200 bamboo slips related to
The Book of Songswere unearthed from the Marquis of Haihun tomb," Yang Jun, head of the Haihun tomb excavation team, told the Global Times on Sunday.
"One slip bears the inscription: 'Three hundred and five poems in total, 1,076 chapters, 7,274 characters,'" Yang said. "This indicates that the Haihun
Book of Songsis a complete version."
在数千枚简牍中，有500余枚《论语》竹简，其中便有失传的《齐论语》。杨军在作报告时表示，海昏侯墓出土的《齐论语》保存较好，字迹清晰。同时简头平整，文前留白，简尾处略有残损，但未见文字痕迹。此简为墨写隶书，文字端正工整，叠字重复书写，不使用重文符号，文意较为完整。
More than 5,000 bamboo and wooden slips were unearthed from the tomb, including over 500 containing
The Analects, among which is the long-lost
Qi Version of The Analects, according to the China News Service.
The Qi Version of The Analectsunearthed from the Haihun tomb is well preserved, with clear handwriting," Yang said. "The tops of the slips are neatly trimmed, and there is a blank space before the text begins. The ends are slightly damaged, but no traces of writing have been found there."
According to Yang, the characters on the slips were written in clerical script with black ink. The handwriting is neat and orderly, and duplicate characters were rewritten instead of using repetition marks, with the overall text remaining largely complete.
杨军称，除《论语》《诗经》外，海昏简还有《礼记》《春秋》《孝经》等，是汉武帝独尊儒术、广收篇籍的重要体现。此外，还有《易》类文献，约200枚，海昏简中的《易占》是占卜类文献，前所未见。
In addition to
The Analectsand
The Book of Songs, the Haihun slips also include
The Book of Rites
The Spring and Autumn Annals, and
The Classic of Filial Piety, which are all ancient Chinese classics.
"These slips reflect Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's policy of promoting Confucianism as the state ideology and collecting a wide range of classical texts," Yang said.
2024年11月27日，南昌汉代海昏侯国遗址博物馆的文物修复室内，文物修复师正在清洗竹简。
湖北省荆州文物保护中心主任方北松表示，海昏侯墓出土的简牍文物有着糟朽、残缺、饱水、断裂等胎体病害，还有残缺、模糊、变形等简牍字迹病害，修复难度较大，但目前已经完成了大部分的简牍保护工作，预计2026年将全面完成。
Fang Beisong, director of the Jingzhou Cultural Relics Protection Center in Hubei province, noted that the bamboo and wooden slips unearthed from the Marquis of Haihun's tomb suffered from various forms of deterioration, such as decay, fragmentation, water saturation, and breakage, as well as textual issues like missing, blurred, or deformed characters.
杨军透露，虽然海昏简牍没有完全修复完毕，但在不久的将来，会有一批新修复好的简牍与观众见面，其中将包含《论语》的相关简牍。
According to Fang, despite the challenges, most of the preservation work has now been completed, and full restoration is expected to be finished by 2026.
来源：中国新闻网 环球时报
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