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词数：323 words

难度：★★☆☆☆

上期划线句答案

It is best to let employees choose the person with whom they would most like to discuss their career trajectory, no matter their position on the corporate ladder.

最好让员工自己选择最想要和谁讨论他们的职业轨迹，无论他们在公司里的职位高低。

本期内容

双语阅读

Para.1

We’ve all heard of the five tastes our tongues can detect: sweet, sour, bitter,savory-umami, and salty. But the real number is actually six, because we have two separate salt-taste systems. One of them detects the attractive, relatively low levels of salt that make potato chips taste delicious. The otherregistershigh levels of salt enough to make overly salted food taste offensive.

我们都听说过舌头能感知到的五种味道：甜、酸、苦、鲜、咸。但实际上这个数字是六种，因为我们有两个独立的咸味系统。其中一种可以感知到诱人的、相对低水平的盐分，让薯片尝起来美味。另一种，当盐含量很高时足以让过咸的食物变得令人反感。

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1.savory-umami鲜味

2.register

/ˈrɛdʒɪstə/

n. 登记表，注册簿; 注册员; (人或乐器的)声区，音区; (适合特定场合使用的)语体风格，语域; (印刷，摄影)套准，叠合; (电子设备的)寄存器; (设计图案组成的)条，局部

v. 登记，注册; (正式地或公开地)发表意见，提出主张; 流露出，表达出; 注意到，受到注意; (仪器上)显出，显示; 把……挂号邮寄; 取得(结果)，得(分); (印刷，摄影)套准，叠合

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Para.2

Exactly how our taste buds sense the two kinds of saltiness is a mystery that’s taken some 40 years of scientific inquiry tounravel, and researchers haven’tdecipheredall of the details yet. In fact, the more they look at salt sensation, the weirder it gets. In the case of salt, scientists understand many details about the low-saltreceptor, but a complete description of the high-salt receptor haslagged, as has an understanding of which taste-bud cells host each detector.

我们的味蕾究竟是如何感知这两种咸味的，这是经过了约40年的科学研究才解开的谜团，目前研究人员还没有完全辨明其中的所有的细节。事实上，他们对盐感研究得越多，就越觉得奇怪。翻译划线句，长按文末小程序码打卡，答案下期公布~

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1.unravel

/ʌnˈrævəl/

v. (使)解开，(使)松开; 弄清，阐明; 崩溃，失败

2. decipher

/dɪˈsaɪfə/

v. 破译，辨认(难认、难解的东西); 理解(神秘或难懂的事物)

3.receptor

/rɪˈsɛptə/

n.受体；接受器；感觉器官

4.lag

/læɡ/

v. 掉队，落后于; 给(管道等)加防冻保暖层

n. (两件事的)时间间隔; 相位滞后; 绝热层，保温套; 桶饭

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Para.3

Ourdualperception of saltiness helps us walk a tightrope between the two faces of sodium, an element that’s crucial for the function of muscles and nerves but dangerous in high quantities. To tightly control salt levels, the body manages the amount of sodium it lets out inurine, and controls how much comes in through the mouth.

我们对咸味的双重理解，有助于我们处理好钠的两面性带来的两难境地，钠这种物质对肌肉和神经功能至关重要，但如果含量过高就会带来危险。为了严格控制盐含量，人体会控制通过尿液排出的钠含量，并且控制口腔摄入的含量。

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1.dual

/ˈdjuːəl/

adj. 双的，双重的; 双数的; (飞机)双重控制的，复式操纵的; (定理、表达式等)对偶的

n. 双数词; 对偶定理(或表达式等)

2. unrine

/ˈjʊərɪn/

n. 尿液，小便

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Para.4

But some salt is necessary for body systems for example, to transmit electrical signals that underlie thoughts and sensations. Consequences of too little salt include musclecrampsandnauseapart of why athleteschugGatorade is to replace the salt lost in sweat and, if enough time passes, death.

但有些盐是人体系统所必需的，例如，盐可以传递作为思想和感觉基础的电信号。盐含量过少的后果包括肌肉痉挛和恶心。运动员喝佳得乐的部分原因就是为了补充汗液中流失的盐分，如果缺盐时间够长，甚至会导致死亡。

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1.cramp

/kræmp/

n. 痛性痉挛，抽筋; 铁夹钳

v. 束缚，限制; 束缚(行为或表达); 引起抽筋，导致痉挛; 抽筋，痉挛; 用铁夹钳固定

adj. 狭窄的; 难以理解的，难以辨认的; 受限制的

2. nausea

/ˈnɔːzɪə/

n. 恶心，呕吐感; 极端的憎恶

3.chug

/tʃʌɡ/

vi.发出轧轧声；发出嘎嚓声；发出轧轧声前进

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Para.5

Forty years into investigations of salt taste, researchers are still left with questions about how people’s tongues perceive salt, and how the brain sorts those sensations into “just right” versus “too much” amounts. Atstakeis more than just satisfying a scientific curiosity: Given the cardiovascular risks that a high-salt diet poses to some of us, it’s important to understand the process.

在对盐的味道进行了40年的研究之后，研究人员仍然对人们的舌头是如何感知盐的，以及大脑是如何区分这些“刚刚好”和“过多”的感觉的问题感到困惑。这件事不仅关乎于满足对科学的好奇心：鉴于高盐饮食对我们的部分人群造成了心血管风险，了解这个过程很重要。

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1.stake

/steɪk/

n. 股本，股份; 桩，标桩，篱笆桩; 赌注; 赛马奖金(stakes); 比赛，竞赛(stakes); 利害关系; 火刑柱; (制作篮子的)纵向基杆，经条; (铁匠用的)小铁砧; 摩门主教管辖区

v. 拿…...冒险，以…...打赌; 用桩支撑; 资助，帮助

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本文节选自：The Atlantic（大西洋月刊）

发布时间：2023.09.18

作者：Amber Dance

原文标题：Scientists Have Spent 40 Years Trying to Understand Salt

写作句总结

原句：Exactly how our taste buds sense the two kinds of saltiness is a mystery that’s taken some 40 years of scientific inquiry to unravel, and researchers haven’t deciphered all of the details yet.

结构：It is a mystery that has taken [length of time] of [effort/inquiry/research] to unravel, and [researchers/scientists] have yet to decipher all of the details.

例句：The development of artificial intelligence that can fully replicate human cognition is a mystery that has taken decades of scientific research to unravel, and computer scientists have yet to decipher all of the complexities.

阅读理解题

Which of the following statements is NOT true about salt taste perception?

A.There are two separate salt-taste systems that detect different levels of saltiness.
B. Scientists have deciphered the details of how taste buds sense high-salt receptors.
C. The body tightly controls salt levels to prevent negative health consequences.
D. Understanding salt taste perception is important due to the cardiovascular risks of a high-salt diet.

B

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（戳码回复“J88”）

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