摘要|威斯康辛大学写作案例:如何撰写摘要?②
▲结构化摘要
文章信息:Wald,EllenR.,DavidNash,andJensEickhoff.EffectivenessofAmoxicillin/ClavulanatePotassiumintheTreatmentofAcuteBacterialSinusitisinChildren.Pediatrics,vol.124,no.1,2009,pp.9-15.
这本期刊要求作者将摘要组织成四个具体的部分,并有严格的字数限制,即提交结构化摘要。这种摘要标题、层次比较清楚,因此无需注释,可以直接看案例来学习。
目的部分:
OBJECTIVE:Theroleofantibiotictherapyinmanagingacutebacterialsinusitis(ABS)inchildreniscontroversial.Thepurposeofthisstudywastodeterminetheeffectivenessofhigh-doseamoxicillin/potassiumclavulanateinthetreatmentofchildrendiagnosedwithABS.
方法部分:
METHODS:Thiswasarandomized,double-blind,placebo-controlledstudy.Children1to10yearsofagewithaclinicalpresentationcompatiblewithABSwereeligibleforparticipation.Patientswerestratifiedaccordingtoage(<6or≥6years)andclinicalseverityandrandomlyassignedtoreceiveeitheramoxicillin(90mg/kg)withpotassiumclavulanate(6.4mg/kg)orplacebo.Asymptomsurveywasperformedondays0,1,2,3,5,7,10,20,and30.Patientswereexaminedonday14.Children’sconditionswereratedascured,improved,orfailedaccordingtoscoringrules.
结果部分:
RESULTS:Twothousandonehundredthirty-fivechildrenwithrespiratorycomplaintswerescreenedforenrollment;139(6.5%)hadABS.Fifty-eightpatientswereenrolled,and56wererandomlyassigned.Themeanagewas6630months.Fifty(89%)patientspresentedwithpersistentsymptoms,and6(11%)presentedwithnonpersistentsymptoms.In24(43%)children,theillnesswasclassifiedasmild,whereasintheremaining32(57%)childrenitwassevere.Ofthe28childrenwhoreceivedtheantibiotic,14(50%)werecured,4(14%)wereimproved,4(14%)experiencedtreatmentfailure,and6(21%)withdrew.Ofthe28childrenwhoreceivedplacebo,4(14%)werecured,5(18%)improved,and19(68%)experiencedtreatmentfailure.Childrenreceivingtheantibioticweremorelikelytobecured(50%vs14%)andlesslikelytohavetreatmentfailure(14%vs68%)thanchildrenreceivingtheplacebo.
结论部分:
CONCLUSIONS:ABSisacommoncomplicationofviralupperrespiratoryinfections.Amoxicillin/potassiumclavulanateresultsinsignificantlymorecuresandfewerfailuresthanplacebo,accordingtoparentalreportoftimetoresolution.
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