我国人均预期寿命提高到78.2岁，超过美国

国家卫生健康委员会12日发布的《2021年我国卫生健康事业发展统计公报》显示，我国居民人均预期寿命由2020年的77.93岁提高到2021年的78.2岁，孕产妇死亡率从16.9/10万下降到16.1/10万，婴儿死亡率从5.4‰下降到5.0‰。

The average life expectancy in China rose to 78.2 years in 2021, compared with 77.9 years in 2020, according to the Statistical Bulletin on Health Development in China 2021, released by the National Health Commission (NHC) on Tuesday. The maternal mortality rate decreased from 16.9/100,000 to 16.1/100,000, and the infant mortality rate decreased from 5.4‰ to 5.0‰, read the report.

图源：新华社

人均预期寿命、孕产妇死亡率和婴儿死亡率是国际间衡量一个国家居民健康水平的重要指标。国家卫生健康委妇幼健康司司长宋莉说，2021年我国孕产妇、婴儿、5岁以下儿童死亡率均降至历史最低水平。

Average life expectancy, maternal mortality and infant mortality rates are important indicators to measure the general health of a country’s population. China’s mortality rate for maternal, infant and children under five in 2021 dropped to the lowest level in history, said Song Li, Deputy Director of the Department of Woman and Child Health Services of the NHC.

统计公报显示，在卫生总费用方面，2021年全国卫生总费用占GDP的比例为6.5%；在医疗卫生机构总数方面，截至2021年末，全国医疗卫生机构总数103.0935万个，其中医院3.657万个，基层医疗卫生机构97.779万个。

According to the statistical bulletin, the ratio of health expenditure to GDP in 2021 was 6.5 percent. By the end of 2021, there were 1,030,935 medical and health institutions in China, including 36,570 hospitals and 977,79 primary-level clinics.

统计公报也对我国疾病控制和公共卫生情况进行了梳理，2021年全国甲、乙类传染病共报告发病272.7万例，报告死亡2.2万人。

图源：东方IC

在新冠肺炎疫情防控方面，截至2021年12月31日，全国共有11937家医疗卫生机构提供新冠病毒核酸检测服务，总检测能力达到4168万份/天，核酸检测能力显著提高。全国共有新冠肺炎定点医院800余家。

统计公报还显示，2021年，全国医疗卫生机构总诊疗人次84.7亿，比上年增加7.3亿人次，增长9.4%，居民平均到医疗卫生机构就诊6.0次。

In 2021, 8.47 billion medical visits were made to health institutions nationwide, a 9.4 percent year-on-year increase of 730 million with residents making an average of 6 visits to medical institutions.

中国人均预期寿命超过美国

数据显示，2020年，我国人均预期寿命首次超过美国。这一指标在2021年继续高于美国。

据美国有线电视新闻网报道，最新数据显示，美国2021年人均预期寿命为76.6岁，比2019年的78.9下降2.31岁。该数据已连续两年下降，降幅创下二战以来的纪录。

The latest data show that Chinese people now live longer than their US counterparts, as life expectancy in the US fell from 78.9 years in 2019 to 76.6 years in 2021, increasing a dramatic decline from 2020 that was the largest since World War II, CNN reported.

据报道，2018年世界卫生组织的报告曾预计，中国人均预期寿命将于2027年超过美国，但新冠肺炎的暴发加速了这一进程。截至今年5月，已有超100万美国人死于新冠肺炎，这成为美国人均预期寿命连续两年下降的一大原因。

Calculations in 2018 suggested that life expectancy in China was on course to overtake the US around 2027 but the process was accelerated by COVID-19, according to media reports. More than one million had died from COVID-19 in the US by May this year, driving a major drop in life expectancy for the second year in a row.

根据《“健康中国2030”规划纲要》，到2030年，我国居民人均预期寿命达到79岁，优质高效的整合型医疗卫生服务体系和完善的全民健身公共服务体系全面建立，人民身体健康水平将进一步提升。

Meanwhile, China aims to raise the average life expectancy to 79 years by 2030 with an increase in health spending of up to a billion dollars to build free fitness facilities, all in an effort to promote the health of its citizens.

Notes

人均预期寿命 average life expectancy

死亡率 mortality rate

卫生费用 health expenditure

医疗卫生机构 medical and health institutions

指标 indicator

来源：新华社 环球时报