Manage 是一个功能很强大的单词,不但本身用法丰富多彩,而且它处理的都是一些高大上的问题或难题,有的甚至是一家公司或队伍等,是一个十足的“有能力”的单词,也是我们每个人都应该练就的一种能力。
在 manage 的所有用法中,与不定式的连用是今天研究的重点;其中 manage to do sth 表示设法完成了某事,特别是一些困难的事情,相当于 succeed in dosing sth,因此一个健康的人行走几步可不用 manage to walk,用了你都觉得不好意思,例如:
Did you manage to get any bread?
你设法弄到面包了吗?
We managed to get to the airport in time.
我们设法及时赶到了机场。
A small dog had somehow managed to survive the fire.
一只小狗不知怎的在大火中幸存了下来。
此时的 manage to do sth 所表达的能力相当于 be able to do sth 和 can,但是与 could 所表达的能力范围有所不同,怎么说呢?
我们知道 could 表示过去的能力时,指的是过去的一般的能力,此时它是 can 的过去式,例如:
When I was younger I could stay up all night and not get tired.
当我年轻的时候,我可以熬夜而不感到疲倦。
Our daughter could walk when she was nine months old.
我们的女儿九个月大就会走路了。
像基本的五官能力就是一般的能力,只要五官正常,这些都是一般且基本的能力,此时可以用 could,例如:
The food served last night was awful. I could taste nothing but salt.
昨晚供应的食物糟透了。除了盐我什么也尝不到。
The officer came and asked my identity, but I couldn’t his name tag.
警官过来问我的身份,但我看不到他的名牌。
但是若是特定的某一时间做到的行为动作就不用 could,如给人惊喜,买个东西或大声说个话等等,例如:
I could buy a wonderful watch on his birthday.
我可以在他的生日那天买一块很好的手表。
She could surprise Father yesterday.
她昨天可以给父亲一个惊喜。
过去特定的可能的事情用表示过去能力的 was/were able to 或 manage 来表示,而不用 could,例如:
我总算在图书馆找到了一些有用的书。
I was able to to find useful books in the library. (正确)
I managed to find some useful books in the library. (正确)
I could find some useful books in the library. (错误)
他可以挤过人群到达讲台。
He was able to push his way through the crowd to reach the dais. (正确)
He managed to push his way through the crowd to reach the dais. (正确)
He could push his way the crowd to reach the dais. (错误)
在表示过去的能力时,当 could 以否定形式 couldn't 存在时,此时跟 wasn't/weren't able to /didn't manage to 所表示的能力是一样的,例如:
我们未能及时赶到那儿。
We weren’t able to get there in time.
We didn’t manage to get there in time.
We couldn’t get there in time.
他无法回答警官的问题。
He wasn’t able to answer the police officer’s queries.
He didn't manage to answer the police officer’s queries.
He couldn't answer the police officer’s queries.
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