“降噪耳机”引热议，专家：听力损伤并非降噪功能本身导致

近日，“降噪耳机受害者出现”的话题引发讨论 （文末可自测） 。

A recent online discussion over the term "noise-canceling headphones victims" has drawn renewed attention to the potential risks of prolonged headphone use.

有网友称 ，自己 因经常使用耳机，并在地铁里开启降噪模式听歌，导致听力受损。

也有网友表示：听力下降并非降噪耳机的原因，主要是和使用时长、耳机音量有关。

The debate was triggered by a netizen who claimed that their hearing had been damaged after frequently using noise-canceling headphones on the subway while listening to music. However, others argue that the problem is not the technology itself, but rather the duration of use and the volume level.

对此，专家表示，降噪耳机的工作原理是通过发出与外界噪音相反的声波，抵消噪音。理论上，佩戴降噪耳机无需刻意调大音量掩盖杂音，相比普通耳机，在合理使用前提下反而对听力有一定保护作用，听力损伤并非降噪功能本身导致。

专家强调，入耳式有线耳机、无线蓝牙耳机、骨传导耳夹式耳机，对听力的损伤本质上没有区别，真正伤耳的核心原因是佩戴时间过长、音量过大。嘈杂环境中，各类耳机使用者都会下意识调大音量，听力损伤风险同步升高。

医生提醒：

佩戴耳机要注意这几点

广州中医药大学第三附属医院五官科主任孙玉莹表示，降噪耳机的工作原理是通过发出与外界噪音相反的声波，从而抵消噪音。但如果长时间处于降噪模式且音量较大的状态下，容易导致人听不清声音，休息后才能缓解；重者耳内听觉细胞和神经功能可能受损，导致渐进性听力损失，一般不能自行恢复。

Sun Yuying, head of the ENT department at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, explained that noise-canceling headphones work by emitting sound waves that counteract ambient noise. While effective, she warned that prolonged use at high volume can make it difficult for users to hear clearly. In mild cases, rest can help restore hearing, but severe cases may involve damage to the inner ear's auditory cells and nerve function, leading to gradual hearing loss that typically does not heal on its own.

宁波市中医院 耳鼻咽喉科 副主任医师 王佳艳 称，如果长时间使用耳机，再加上嘈杂环境下不自觉调高音量，叠加熬夜、过度劳累等因素，听力损伤的风险会增加。她建议——

Wang Jiayan, deputy chief physician of the Otorhinolaryngology department at Ningbo Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, noted that the risk of hearing loss increases when long headphone use is combined with high volume in noisy environments, as well as factors like sleep deprivation and excessive fatigue. She offered the following recommendations:

• 控制佩戴时长。遵循“60-60”原则，即每次戴耳机不超过60分钟，音量不超过最大音量的60%，佩戴一段时间后及时取下，让耳朵休息；

Limit listening time. Follow the "60-60 rule": use headphones for no more than 60 minutes at a time, and keep the volume below 60 percent of the maximum.

• 避免在嘈杂环境中使用。嘈杂环境中，人们会下意识调高耳机音量，此时听力损伤更明显。

Avoid noisy surroundings. In loud settings, people tend to raise the volume unconsciously, which intensifies the strain on hearing.

• 养成良好作息。避免长期熬夜、过度劳累，保持规律作息，维持身体正常免疫力，减少内耳微循环障碍的发生；

Maintain a healthy routine. Regular sleep and rest help preserve normal immune function and reduce the risk of microcirculation disorders in the inner ear.

• 要警惕异常信号。一旦出现耳鸣、耳闷、听力下降、头晕等症状，不要拖延，及时到正规医院耳鼻咽喉科就诊，做到早发现、早治疗。

Watch for warning signs. Symptoms such as tinnitus, ear fullness, hearing loss, or dizziness should prompt a timely visit to an ENT specialist for early diagnosis and treatment.

10道题自测听力损失程度

世卫组织数据显示，目前全球有五分之一的人听力受损。大部分听力损失的发生是缓慢的、渐进的，因此早期当事人不易察觉到，通常是周围人发现的。

美国国立卫生研究院下属“国家耳聋和其他沟通障碍研究所”列出了10道听力测试题。

1、打电话时是否会觉得听不清楚？

2、若两人以上同时在讲话，是否会因听不清楚导致沟通困难？

3、是否有人抱怨你的电视音量过大？

4、与他人沟通时，是否会觉得理解困难？

5、当周围环境有噪音时，是否觉得听得很吃力？

6、是否常常需要请他人“再说一遍”？

7、是否觉得他人讲话都很含糊或听起来很不清晰？

8、是否常误解别人说的话，且回应他人时常文不对题？

9、在听女性或儿童说话时，是否常常觉得困难？

10、是否有人抱怨你误解他们的意思？

只要有超过3道题的答案为“是”，就该到医院进一步诊断。

你中招了几条？

来源：央视新闻微信公众号 中国青年报 生命时报 宁波晚报 科普中国

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