欧盟发布2025年6月-9月禽流感概述

核心提示：2025年10月27日，欧盟食品安全局（EFSA）发布2025年6月-9月禽流感概述。……（世界食品网-www.shijieshipin.com）

　　 2025年10月27日，欧盟食品安全局（EFSA）发布2025年6月-9月禽流感概述。
　　2025年6月7日至2025年9月5日，15个欧洲国家报告了高致病性禽流感（HPAI）疫情的暴发。自上次报告以来，截至2025年9月8日，孟加拉国报告了1例甲型H5N1病毒感染的人类病例，柬埔寨报告了11例甲型H5N1病毒感染的人类病例，印度报告了1例甲型H5N1病毒感染的人类病例，中国报告了1例甲型H10N3和5例甲型H9N2病毒感染的人类病例。在欧盟/欧洲经济区，一般人群的感染风险被评估为低，职业暴露人群的感染风险为低至中度。部分原文报道如下：

　　Between 7 June and 5 September 2025, 183 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5) virus detections were reported in domestic (27) and wild (156) birds across 15 countries in Europe. Although HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections were predominant in western and southwestern Europe, they also occurred on the northernmost coast of Norway. More than 75% of the detections in wild birds related to colony-breeding seabirds, particularly European herring gulls, while the number of detections in waterfowl decreased compared to the previous months. Less poultry establishments were affected during the current reporting period, with no secondary spread occurring. Regarding mammals in Europe, HPAI A(H5N5) virus detections were reported in four Arctic foxes in Norway. In the United States of America (USA), the number of HPAI A(H5N1) virus detections in dairy cattle stagnated, while the muskrat and round-tailed ground squirrel were reportedly affected for the first time. Between 7 June and 8 September 2025, 19 cases of avian influenza virus infection in humans, including three deaths, were reported in four countries: Bangladesh (one A(H5N1) case), Cambodia (11 A(H5N1) cases), China (one A(H10N3), five A(H9N2) cases) and India (one A(H5N1) case). Most of the A(H5N1) human cases (n = 12/13) reported exposure to poultry prior to detection or onset of illness. Given the widespread circulation of avian influenza viruses in animal populations, human infections remain rare. No human-to-human transmission was documented during the reporting period. The risk of infection with the avian A(H5) clade 2.3.4.4b influenza viruses currently circulating in Europe remains low for the general public in the European Union/European Economic Area (EU/EEA) and low-to-moderate for those occupationally or otherwise exposed to infected animals or contaminated environments.