如今,不少人把喝茶或喝咖啡当做一种生活习惯。越来越多的研究证实,日常喝茶、喝咖啡确实对身体有诸多好处。
那么经常喝茶与经常喝咖啡的人,谁会更年轻?谁更有健康优势呢?
For many people worldwide, sipping tea or coffee is part of everyday life. A growing body of research has confirmed that both drinks bring health benefits. But the question remains: who has the advantage — tea lovers or coffee enthusiasts?
图源:视觉中国
经常喝茶VS经常喝咖啡,谁更年轻?
2024年,北京协和医学院的研究人员发表在《美容皮肤病学杂志》上的一项研究发现:经常喝咖啡的人,能够有效降低面部皮肤衰老的风险。
A 2024 study by researchers at Peking Union Medical College, published in
the Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology, found that regular coffee consumption is linked to a lower risk of facial skin aging.
研究纳入超过1.6万名参与者,年龄大部分在45-65岁之间,并收集他们面部皮肤老化的数据。研究综合分析了喝茶、喝咖啡、喝酒精饮料、喝含糖饮料这4种饮品的饮用和面部皮肤老化之间的因果关系。
研究发现,在4种饮料中,咖啡能够显著降低面部皮肤衰老的风险:咖啡摄入可以降低约15%的面部衰老概率。其余3种饮料未显示出与面部皮肤衰老之间明确的关联。
The study followed more than 16,000 participants aged 45 to 65, analyzing their consumption of tea, coffee, alcohol, and sugary drinks alongside facial skin aging data. Among the four beverages, only coffee showed a significant protective effect: regular coffee intake reduced the risk of facial aging by about 15 percent.
图源:视觉中国
换句话说,经常饮用咖啡的人,其面部皮肤衰老的风险更低、看起来会更年轻。
其实,《国际皮肤病学杂志》2014年也发表过一项类似研究发现:咖啡的摄入,可以使皮肤免受光老化,并减少色素斑沉着。研究人员推测,其原因在于咖啡中含有绿原酸等多酚物质。
In other words, coffee drinkers tend to look younger. Earlier research in
the International Journal of Dermatologyreached similar conclusions in 2014, suggesting that compounds such as chlorogenic acid in coffee may help protect the skin from photoaging and pigmentation.
爱喝咖啡又爱喝茶的人赚到了
那么,是不是喝咖啡的好处超过了喝茶?并非如此,越来越多的研究发现:既喜欢喝咖啡又喜欢喝茶的人,健康收益最大。
That does not mean tea offers no benefits. In fact, studies suggest the greatest health gains come from drinking both tea and coffee.
① 中风与痴呆的风险低
2021年,天津医科大学研究团队发表在《公共科学图书馆-医学》上的一项研究发现:不论是喝咖啡还是喝茶,都可以降低患痴呆症和中风的风险,既喝茶又喝咖啡效果更好。
这项研究纳入了超过36万名参与者,他们年龄均在50-74岁之间。分析发现:每天喝2-3杯咖啡或3-5杯茶,或组合饮用4-6杯咖啡和茶的人中风或痴呆的发生率最低。
A 2021 study from Tianjin Medical University, published in
PLOS Medicine, analyzed data from over 360,000 people aged 50 to 74. It found that both tea and coffee consumption reduced the risk of stroke and dementia, with the strongest effect identified among those who drank both.
研究人员认为,咖啡中含有咖啡因、酚类物质以及其他具有潜在有益健康作用的生物活性化合物;茶中含有咖啡因、儿茶素多酚和类黄酮,这些物质具有神经保护作用,可能与降低中风和痴呆风险的潜在机制有关。
② 糖尿病的死亡风险低
2020年,日本研究人员发表在《BMJ开放式糖尿病研究与护理》的研究发现,每天既喝绿茶又喝咖啡或许能够帮助糖尿病患者延长寿命,改善生活。每天喝4杯以上绿茶以及2杯以上咖啡的糖尿病患者,5年内的死亡风险降低了63%。
这项研究纳入了4923名糖尿病患者,随访中位时间是5.3年。研究发现:与不喝绿茶和咖啡的人相比,喝绿茶或咖啡的人全因死亡率较低,两种饮料都喝的人全因死亡率最低。
图源:视觉中国
研究人员表示,这与绿茶中含有酚类化合物、茶氨酸和咖啡因等许多有益的物质有关,它们具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗突变的作用;另外,咖啡中也含有酚类化合物以及咖啡因等多种生物活性成分,通过抗氧化和抗炎等多种机制对健康产生影响。
A 2020 study in
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Caretracked nearly 5,000 diabetes patients for more than five years. It found that those who consumed at least four cups of green tea and two cups of coffee per day had a 63 percent lower risk of death compared with non-drinkers.
Researchers attributed this to antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds found in both beverages.
健康喝茶喝咖啡,记住3点
原来,咖啡与茶强强联手才是“王道”。不过想要健康喝茶喝咖啡,还得记住以下3点。
Experts say that combining tea and coffee can maximize health benefits, but three simple rules should be kept in mind.
① 适量饮用
这是因为,二者都喝的情况下,咖啡因的总体摄入量会有所增加,所以建议大家适量饮用。根据以往研究建议,咖啡因每天摄入210-400毫克为宜,所以咖啡每天1-3杯即可。成年人一日饮茶12克左右,分3-4次冲泡为宜。
Drink in moderation. Experts recommend limiting daily intake to a few cups of coffee or tea to keep caffeine levels within a safe range.
② 尽量白天喝
咖啡因在人体内需要8-10小时左右才能被完全代谢掉,因此建议不要在晚上喝咖啡,会影响睡眠质量,最好在下午3点之前饮用。对于睡眠不好的人,更建议在上午喝。
Choose the right time. These beverages are best consumed earlier in the day, since drinking them too late may interfere with sleep quality.
③ 注意控糖
建议喝自己冲泡的茶(绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶等),咖啡也建议喝无糖或少糖的黑咖啡或者拿铁咖啡。尽量不要选择含有大量糖的奶茶、水果茶,以及含有大量糖浆的咖啡。过量的糖摄入会导致肥胖等,同时增加多种慢性疾病风险。
Avoid excess sugar. To maximize the health benefits, it is advisable to enjoy coffee and tea with little or no added sugar.
图源:视觉中国
编辑:李金昳
见习编辑:裴禧盈
实习生:张馨元
来源:人民日报 健康时报
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