果麦书店 · 老楼变书店、藏在西溪的木梁森林里 | BUILDING RENOVATION BOOKSTORE

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项目位于西溪湿地福堤的北端。原建筑是二十年前的办公楼建筑——U型中轴对称的布局,功能空间组合的错综体量。建筑架空于湿地上，三翼环抱的水院封闭而消极。设计需对其进行外立面改造及室内设计，将其转化为一处书店。

剥离掉所有围护墙体，留下的是一组混沌而无意义的混凝土框架结构。一系列新“结构群”的介入，给原本混沌的结构强行赋以新的秩序，使其转化为与自然深度关联的空间场域。

The project is located at the northern end of the Futi in Xixi Wetland. The original building was an office building from twenty years ago - with a U-shaped symmetrical layout along the central axis and a complex volume of functional space combinations. The building is elevated over the wetland, and the water courtyard surrounded by three wings is closed and passive. The design requires the renovation of its facade and interior design to transform it into a bookstore.

Stripping away all the retaining walls, what remains is a chaotic and meaningless concrete frame structure. The intervention of a series of new "structural groups" forcibly endows the originally chaotic structure with a new order, transforming it into a spatial field deeply connected with nature.

一、西溪湿地 ·果麦书店

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

一层被规划为环抱水院、水平连通的空间。西侧纵向主空间容纳了书籍展销功能，北翼书吧为咖啡阅读区；南翼为阅读沙龙区，通过室外楼梯与二楼景观露台相连。剥离掉所有围护墙体，留下的是一组混沌而无意义的混凝土框架结构。一系列新“结构群”的介入，给原本混沌的结构强行赋以新的秩序，使其转化为与自然深度关联的空间场域。

针对原状错综的屋顶梁板，通过引入容纳机电设备的吊顶系统进行梳理，原框架结构被解体为：丛立的柱群，支撑起高低错落的体量。西侧屋顶体量的简化调整，与立面退入的柱廊，将原中轴对称的立面调整为水平向的悬浮体量，从而强化建筑的公共性。主入口平台的既有弧形车道上，铺设了由水泥条构成的错角形人行栈道，将原车行平台转化为尺度多样、方向变换的入口空间。

The first floor is planned as a space that surrounds the water courtyard and is horizontally connected. The longitudinal main space on the west side accommodates the function of book exhibition and sales, while the book bar in the north wing serves as the coffee reading area. The south wing is the reading salon area, which is connected to the second-floor landscape terrace via an outdoor staircase. Stripping away all the retaining walls, what remains is a chaotic and meaningless concrete frame structure. The intervention of a series of new "structural groups" forcibly endows the originally chaotic structure with a new order, transforming it into a spatial field deeply connected with nature.

For the intricate roof beams and slabs in their original state, a ceiling system for accommodating mechanical and electrical equipment was introduced to sort them out. The original frame structure was disassembled into: clusters of columns supporting the volumes of varying heights. The simplified adjustment of the roof volume on the west side and the receding colonnade on the facade transform the originally symmetrical facade along the central axis into a horizontal suspended volume, thereby enhancing the public nature of the building. On the existing arc-shaped lane of the main entrance platform, a staggered pedestrian walkway composed of cement strips has been laid, transforming the original vehicle platform into an entrance space with diverse scales and directional changes.

原建筑朝向水院的不规则玻璃体量被替换为一处单坡顶。平面斜线的几何潜力被充分利用，自然地构成了剖面逐渐压低的坡顶；同时原楼板被局部敲除，改造为一处下沉近水区域。压低的顶面与下沉的地面共同作用，成为了一处融入湿地的“水榭”。退台阶梯提供了朝向湿地、三面而坐的阅读场所。在 U 型平面转角处，将水榭“割让”给水院，不仅对室内空间产生了水平方向的扭转，同时获得引向湿地水面的垂直力，强化了湿地对于内部的空间作用。水榭屋面采用灰色钛锌板，顶棚则整体喷涂以银色金属漆：既着意强化坡顶作为物体压下水面的空间力，又突显银色对环境光反射的微妙反应，以作为映射呈现自然水光的背景。庞大的水榭顶棚在每天上午反射出潋滟的水波纹，湿地以这样奇特的方式“进入”室内。

The irregular glass volume of the original building facing the water courtyard was replaced with a single-pitched roof. The geometric potential of the plane diagonal is fully utilized, naturally forming a gradually lowering slope top of the section. At the same time, the original floor slab was partially knocked out and transformed into a sunken area close to water. The lowered top surface and the sunken ground work together to form a "waterside pavilion" that blends into the wetland. The retreat steps offer a reading space facing the wetland and sitting on three sides.

At the corner of the U-shaped plane, the waterside pavilion is "ceded" to the water supply institute. This not only causes a horizontal twist in the indoor space but also brings a vertical force towards the water surface of the wetland, enhancing the effect of the wetland on the internal space. The roof of the waterside pavilion is made of grey titanium-zinc plates, while the entire ceiling is sprayed with silver metallic paint: this not only deliberately enhances the spatial force of the sloping top as an object pressing against the water surface, but also highlights the subtle response of silver to the reflection of ambient light, serving as a background that reflects the natural water light. The huge waterside pavilion roof reflects the rippling water waves every morning, and the wetland "enters" the interior in such a peculiar way.

二、空间美学

RESIDENTIAL DESIGN

《营造法式》中记载过一类宋式临水外檐装修构件 —— “障日䈳”。设计对该传统原型进行了当代转译：木梁突破建筑边界向外出挑，披檐两侧由上拉的吊杆悬挂在木梁上，中间由一根下接的斜杆辅助支撑，从而构成了特殊的临水建筑界面。披檐采用了与水榭相似的材料构造。披檐作为建筑邻水边界的中介性元素，有两点作用。其一是调节室内光线，在遮挡刺眼的直射阳光同时，银色顶棚提供了柔和的漫射光，形成更适宜阅读的室内空间；其二是，调节空间尺度，压低的檐口屏蔽掉福堤的游客及水院两翼对视的干扰，让人在室内的视线朝下导向湿地水面，强化建筑架空于水上的场所知觉。木梁悬吊的披檐、柱间架空的桌椅构件，与立体错动的玻璃界面、可整面打开的折叠窗,共同形成了建筑与自然之间的多处中介性场域。

书架被设计为寄生于柱列之间的特定结构要素 —— 通透的“书梁”，希望让读者既能看到书籍、又能看到风景。我们与结构师张准进行合作，创造了 “书梁”结构装置：以横向水平木梁与纵向不锈钢板进行水平层叠，成为组合结构：胶合木和欧松板组合成工字型截面，承担长达 6 米的结构跨度，而纵向不锈钢板则将木梁联结为结构整体，实现平面内的抗扭。书梁由两侧的结构吊杆悬吊而与柱子固定，实现“梁”型的受力模式。

The "Yingzao Fashi" records a type of Song-style exterior eave decoration component facing water - "zhanri 䈳". The design makes a contemporary translation of this traditional prototype: the wooden beams break through the building boundaries and extend outward. The eaves are suspended from the wooden beams on both sides by upward-pulling suspension rods, and are supported by a downward-connected diagonal rod in the middle, thus forming a special interface of the water-facing building. The eaves are constructed with materials similar to those of the waterside pavilion.

The eave, as an intermediary element of the water-adjacent boundary of a building, has two functions. One is to adjust the indoor light. While blocking the dazzling direct sunlight, the silver ceiling provides soft diffused light, creating a more suitable indoor space for reading. Secondly, the spatial scale is adjusted. The lowered eaves block the interference from tourists at the Fu Di and the two wings of the water courtyard, allowing people's line of sight inside to point downward towards the wetland water surface and enhancing the perception of the building being elevated above water. The eaves suspended by wooden beams, the suspended table and chair components between the columns, the three-dimensional staggered glass interfaces and the folding Windows that can be fully opened, together form multiple intermediary fields between the building and nature.

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