世卫组织：全球每40秒就有一人死于自杀 高收入国家自杀率最高

根据世界卫生组织新发布的报告，全球每40秒钟就有一个人自杀身亡，男性的自杀率高于女性，只有中国、缅甸、孟加拉等几个国家例外。高收入国家的自杀率最高，美洲是唯一一个自杀率上升的地区。

Photo by Ian Espinosa on Unsplash

The number of people worldwide who die from suicide is declining but one person still kills themselves every 40 seconds, according to new figures from the World Health Organization, which said countries needed to do more to stop these preventable deaths.

世界范围内死于自杀的人数在下降，但根据世界卫生组织的新数据，每40秒钟仍有一个人自杀身亡，世界卫生组织指出，世界各国应该做出更多努力，阻止这些可预防的死亡发生。

Between 2010 and 2016, the global suicide rate decreased by 9.8%, the UN health body said in its second report on the issue. The only region to see an increase was the Americas.

世界卫生组织在第二份自杀死亡报告中写道，2010年至2016年间，全球自杀率下降了9.8%。美洲是唯一一个自杀率上升的地区。

"Every death is a tragedy for family, friends and colleagues. Yet suicides are preventable. We call on all countries to incorporate proven suicide prevention strategies into national health and education programs in a sustainable way," said WHO Director-General, Dr. Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.

世界卫生组织的总干事特沃德罗斯·阿达诺姆博士说：“每一起死亡对家人、朋友和同事来说都是悲剧。然而自杀是可以防止的。我们呼吁所有国家用可持续的方式将经过验证的自杀预防策略加入国民健康和教育计划中。”

WHO said close to 800,000 people die by suicide every year, more than those lost to malaria, breast cancer, or war and homicide, calling it a "serious global public health issue." It said only 38 countries had suicide prevention strategies.

世界卫生组织称，每年有近80万人死于自杀，超过死于疟疾、乳腺癌、战争和凶杀案的人数，并将自杀称为“严重的全球公共健康问题”。世界卫生组织表示，只有38个国家有自杀预防策略。

Suicide rates were higher than the global, age-standardized average -- 10.5 per 100,000 people -- in Africa, Europe and Southeast Asia.

在非洲、欧洲和东南亚，自杀率超过年龄标准化全球平均水平——每10万人10.5个。

Worldwide, more men killed themselves than women, WHO said, with 7.5 suicide deaths per 100,000 women and 13.7 suicides per 100,000 men. The only countries where the suicide rate was estimated to be higher in women than men were Bangladesh, China, Lesotho, Morocco, and Myanmar.

世界卫生组织称，在世界范围内，自杀的男性比女性更多，每10万个女性中有7.5人自杀，而每10万个男性中有13.7人自杀。女性自杀率超过男性的国家只有孟加拉国、中国、莱索托、摩洛哥和缅甸。

"While 79% of the world's suicides occurred in low- and middle-income countries, high-income countries had the highest rate, at 11.5 per 100,000" people, WHO said.

世界卫生组织称：“尽管世界上79%的自杀发生在中低收入国家，高收入国家的自杀率却是最高的，每10万人中有11.5人自杀。”

"Nearly three times as many men as women die by suicide in high-income countries, in contrast to low- and middle-income countries, where the rate is more equal," the WHO statement said.

该组织的报告称：“高收入国家中死于自杀的男性数量是女性的近三倍，相比之下，中低收入国家男性和女性的自杀率更接近。”

"Suicide was the second-leading cause of death among young people aged 15-29 years, after road injury. Among teens aged 15-19 years, suicide was the second-leading cause of death among girls (after maternal conditions) and the third-leading cause of death in boys, after road injury and interpersonal violence."

“自杀是15岁到29岁年轻人的第二大死因，仅次于道路交通伤害。在15岁到19岁的青少年当中，自杀是女孩的第二大死因（仅次于分娩死亡）和男孩的第三大死因（仅次于道路交通伤害和人际暴力）。”

WHO said one way to bring down the global suicide rate would be to limit access to pesticides, which -- along with hanging and firearms -- are the most common method of suicide. For example, in Sri Lanka, a series of bans on highly hazardous pesticides led to a 70% decrease in suicides, saving an estimated 93,000 lives from 1995 and 2015. Similarly, in South Korea, a ban on the herbicide paraquat was followed by a 50% decrease in suicide deaths from pesticide poisoning from 2011-2013.

世界卫生组织称，降低全球自杀率的方法之一就是限制人们获取杀虫剂（农药）的渠道，农药、上吊和枪支是自杀最常用的三种方法。举例来说，在斯里兰卡，对高风险农药的一系列禁令导致自杀率下降了70%，据估计在1995年到2015年期间拯救了9.3万条生命。韩国也出台了一个类似的百草枯（除草剂）禁令，导致2011年到2013年间喝农药自杀的死亡人数下降了50%。

paraquat['prkwɑt]: n. [农药] 百草枯，[农药] 对草快（除草剂名称）

Other steps the WHO said have helped reduce suicides include educating the media on how to report responsibly on suicide, identifying people at risk early and helping young people build skills that help them cope with life stresses.

据世界卫生组织介绍，其他有助于降低自杀率的措施包括教育媒体如何负责任地对自杀进行报道，在早期识别出有自杀风险的人，帮助年轻人培养应对生活压力的技能。

World suicide prevention day is September 10.

世界预防自杀日是9月10日。

英文来源：CNN

翻译&编辑：丹妮

来源：中国日报网