【双语】你好！中国 | 不只是一把扇子，更是四时风华

团扇，又叫纨扇、罗扇、合欢扇、绢宫扇，中国汉族传统工艺品及艺术品，形状多为圆形，扇面常用绸、缎、纱、罗甚至织锦、缂丝等高级织物制作，或辅以刺绣、手绘等，扇柄可选择木、竹、骨等材料。

The Chinese round fan, known by various names such as Wan fan, Luo fan, Hehuan fan, and Silk Palace fan, is a traditional handicraft and art form rooted in Han Chinese culture. Typically round in shape, the fan's surface is made from high-quality materials like silk, satin, gauze, or even brocade and kesi (a type of intricate silk weaving). The surface may also be embellished with delicate embroidery or hand-painted designs. The fan handle is usually crafted from materials such as wood, bamboo, or bone.

团扇的出现演变经历了很长一段时间，扇最早出现在商代，用五光十色的野鸡毛制成，在这时期，团扇是统治阶级身份的象征之一，是朝廷仪仗的一种；西汉以后，扇子开始用来取凉。魏晋南北朝后，团扇的形制又演变出多角多边的扇面设计，如椭圆、六角、梅花、梧桐、芭蕉等形状，宋代之后，团扇扇面上的画更为丰富，画多为花鸟鱼虫、山水风光、人物故事等。

The Chinese round fan has a long and rich history. The earliest fans date back to the Shang Dynasty, when they were made from colorful pheasant feathers and served as symbols of power and ceremonial accessories for the ruling elite. By the Western Han Dynasty, fans began to be used for cooling. During the Wei, Jin, Southern, and Northern Dynasties, the fan's design evolved beyond the traditional round shape to include oval, hexagonal, and even floral patterns, such as plum blossom, phoenix tree, and plantain leaf shapes. In the Song Dynasty, fan decoration flourished. Common themes included flowers, birds, fish, insects, landscapes, and stories of historical or literary figures.

团扇有制扇面、烘扇框、做扇柄、裱扇面、配流苏等制作工序，融合绘画、书法、雕刻等多种艺术形式，经常代表团圆友善、吉祥如意。在传统文化盛行的当下，团扇更被视作是传统文化传承必不可少的代表器物。

The crafting of a round fan involves several detailed steps: preparing the fan surface, drying the frame, shaping the handle, mounting the fabric, and adding decorative tassels. It incorporates various traditional art forms, including painting, calligraphy, and carving. Symbolically, the Chinese round fan conveys friendship, elegance, and good fortune. Today, as traditional Chinese culture experiences a revival, this round fan is cherished not just as a beautiful object, but as a vital emblem of cultural heritage and seasonal beauty.

责编：易卓