外刊精读 | 塞梅鲁火山爆发

今天是小芳老师陪你精读外刊的第18天

难度指数7级（共8级）

读前想想，下面内容用英语怎么说？

1. 撤离 2. 喷出 3. 涌出 4. 减轻缓解

第一步：泛读原文（盲听1遍，泛读1遍，对照文本听1遍）

People in Indonesia who have sex outside of marriage could face up to a year in jail if officials ratify sweeping changes to the country's criminal code as expected on Tuesday. As well as criminalising adultery, the revised code would ban unmarried couples from living together. The law, if passed, would apply to Indonesian citizens and foreigners alike, including tourists to the hotspots of Bali and the islands off Lombok.

Insulting the president and spreading views counter to the secular national ideology, known as the Pancasila, will also be outlawed. Legal experts and civil society groups say the changes are a "huge setback" for the southeast Asian nation.

"The state cannot manage morality. The government's duty is not as an umpire between conservative and liberal Indonesia," said Bivitri Susanti, a law expert from the Indonesia Jentera School of Law.

Previous plans to ratify the new draft code in September 2019 were brought to a halt by nationwide demonstrations. Tens of thousands of protesters took to the streets and the protests turned violent, with police dispersing crowds using tear gas and water cannons. Deputy speaker of the House of Representatives, Sufmi Dasco Ahmad, and Bambang Wuryanto, head of the parliamentary commission overseeing the revision, told Reuters that parliament would hold a plenary session on Tuesday to ratify the new code.

第二步：精读原文（精读1遍，对照文本听1遍，精读1遍）

读原文（精读1遍，对照文本听1遍）

01

More than 1,900 people wereevacuated from the area surroundingMount Semeruin Indonesia after the volcanoerupted early Sunday morning,spewing columns of thick gray ash high into the sky and across miles of the eastern part of Java Island.

1.evacuate: 撤离, e.g. Police evacuated nearby buildings. 警方已将附近大楼的居民疏散。

2.Mount Semeru: 塞梅鲁火山

3.erupt: 喷出, e.g. The volcano could erupt at any time. 这座火山随时可能爆发。

4.spew: 涌出, e.g. Massive chimneys were spewing out smoke. 一座座高大的烟囱冒着烟。

写作指导：本段为一句话，主句More than…in Indonesia, after后面是时间状语从句，spewing为前一句的方式状语。

翻译：周日清晨，印度尼西亚塞梅鲁火山爆发，厚厚的灰色火山灰柱喷向高空，横跨爪哇岛东部数英里的区域，超过1900人被疏散到该地区。

02

Local authorities from the B.N.P.B., Indonesia’s disastermitigationagency, have not received any reports ofcasualtiesbut said that personnel froman array ofagencies had performed search and rescue checks through Sunday evening.

1.mitigation: 减轻缓解, e.g. In mitigation, the defence lawyer said his client was seriously depressed at the time of the assault. 为了减轻罪行，辩护律师说他的当事人在袭击人的时候精神极度压抑。

2.casualties: 受害者, 同义词：victim, e.g.g She became a casualty of the reduction in part-time work (= she lost her job). 她成了裁减兼职工作的受害人。

3.an array of: 一系列, e.g. an array of examples 一组示例

翻译：印度尼西亚减灾机构B.N.P.B.的地方当局没有收到任何伤亡报告，但表示来自一系列机构的人员在周日晚上进行了搜索和救援检查。

03

As of about 4 p.m. local time Sunday, officials said a total of 1,979 people had beendisplaced. In a news release, the B.N.P.B. said that theCenter for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigationhad also raised the alert level for Mount Semeru tolevel IV, the highest possible category.

1.displace: dis+place，dis 表示不，place 表示放置，那就是放置不到位，翻译为流离失所。

2.level IV, the highest possible category: 同位语表达，写作中经常用到。

翻译:截至当地时间周日下午4点左右，官员们说共有1,979人流离失所。在一份新闻稿中，B.N.P.B.说，火山学和地质灾害缓解中心也将塞梅鲁火山的警戒级别提高到了IV级，这是可能的最高级别。

04

The Semeru volcano’s last major eruption occurred as recently as December 2021, a disaster that killed more than 50 people and injured hundreds more. Photographs of the aftermath of Sunday’s eruption show volunteers and residents responding to the latest blast.

写作指导：a disaster that killed more than 50 people and injured hundreds more.: 此处为同位语从句，a disaster指的是前面的内容，that引导是定语从句，说明这个灾难的后果。

翻译中，可以单独拿出翻译小句。

翻译：塞梅鲁火山最近一次大爆发发生在2021年12月，这场灾难导致50多人死亡，数百人受伤。周日喷发后的照片显示，志愿者和居民正在应对最新的爆炸。

第三步：阅读双语文章

上下滑动阅读双语全文

More than 1,900 people were evacuated from the area surrounding Mount Semeru in Indonesia after the volcano erupted early Sunday morning, spewing columns of thick gray ash high into the sky and across miles of the eastern part of Java Island.

周日清晨，印度尼西亚塞梅鲁火山爆发，厚厚的灰色火山灰柱喷向高空，横跨爪哇岛东部数英里的区域，超过1900人被疏散到该地区。

Local authorities from the B.N.P.B., Indonesia’s disaster mitigation agency, have not received any reports of casualties but said that personnel from an array of agencies had performed search and rescue checks through Sunday evening.

印度尼西亚减灾机构B.N.P.B.的地方当局没有收到任何伤亡报告，但表示来自一系列机构的人员在周日晚上进行了搜索和救援检查。

As of about 4 p.m. local time Sunday, officials said a total of 1,979 people had been displaced. In a news release, the B.N.P.B. said that the Center for Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation had also raised the alert level for Mount Semeru to level IV, the highest possible category.

截至当地时间周日下午4点左右，官员们说共有1,979人流离失所。在一份新闻稿中，B.N.P.B.说，火山学和地质灾害缓解中心也将塞梅鲁火山的警戒级别提高到了IV级，这是可能的最高级别。

The Semeru volcano’s last major eruption occurred as recently as December 2021, a disaster that killed more than 50 people and injured hundreds more. Photographs of the aftermath of Sunday’s eruption show volunteers and residents responding to the latest blast.

塞梅鲁火山最近一次大爆发发生在2021年12月，这场灾难导致50多人死亡，数百人受伤。周日喷发后的照片显示，志愿者和居民正在应对最新的爆炸。

第三步：回答问题（评论区回答问题）

Reading Questions：

1. How many people were evacuated from the area surrounding Mount Semeru?

2. What is the highest alert level?

3. When did the Semeru volcano’s last major eruption occur？

滑动查看答案

Q1

More than 1,900 people were evacuated from the area surrounding Mount Semeru.

Q2

Level IV.

Q3

In December 2021.

今天是小芳老师陪你精读外刊的第24天

检查一下，你学到了吗？

1. evacuate:撤离 2. erupt: 喷出 3. spew: 涌出 4. mitigation: 减轻缓解

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