吃鱼怕卡刺？我国科研团队培育出“无肌间刺”银鲫

来源：滚动播报

（来源：CGTN）

吃鱼怕卡刺？

12月22日，中国科学院院士、中国科学院水生生物研究所研究员桂建芳团队通过创建基于生殖方式转换的设计育种技术体系，培育出具有高产、抗病、节粮三大优势性状的异育银鲫候选新品种和“无肌间刺”且不育的异育银鲫。

Led by Academician Gui Jianfang, a research team from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) announced on Tuesday that they have successfully gene edited the "Zhongke No. 6" breed – a robust carp candidate variety designed for the dinner table.

图片来源：视觉中国

鲫鱼肉质细嫩、营养丰富，但其体内多达80余根的细小肌间刺，让许多人望而却步。我国科研人员利用“分子剪刀”，精准找到那段控制肌间刺生长的关键“代码”，并对其进行编辑，从生命源头显著减少了小刺的产生。同时，通过这套体系培育出的银鲫是可控不育的，好比安装了“生物安全锁”，避免其在自然环境中繁衍，充分考虑了生态安全。

For fish lovers, carp presents a classic culinary paradox: a prized dish for its tender in texture and nutritious, rich in protein, profile, yet notoriously difficult to eat due to more than 80 tiny, Y-shaped intermuscular bones (IBs).

The hassle of feasting on the freshwater fish is now a thing of the past, as Chinese scientists have created a new variety of the Gibel carp (Carassius gibelio) that is not only entirely free of troublesome IBs but also engineered to grow faster, stronger and in a more sustainable way.

图片来源：视觉中国

依托这项技术培育的“中科6号”候选新品种，在生长速度、养殖存活率和饲料利用率上均实现了大幅提升，综合性能优异。中国科学院院士、中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所副所长傅向东表示，未来我们不仅能更安心地享受美味，还能以更少的资源、更高的效率获得更优质的蛋白质。

这一系列突破源自中国科学院A类先导专项“种子精准设计与创造”为期6年的体系化攻关，标志着我国农业育种正从“看天选育”全面迈入可预测、可编程的“精准设计”时代。

正如专项首席科学家、中国科学院院士李家洋所言，这场“精准设计”创新的目标，是为国家的粮食安全与农业现代化打造动力强劲的“中国芯”。

The "Zhongke No. 6" has been optimized for three superior traits, including its high yield, disease resistance in dense aquaculture environments, and lower feed requirements to produce the same amount of high-quality protein.

This achievement is the result of a six-year systematic effort under a CAS strategic research program called "Precision Seed Design and Creation."