客家土楼是一种具有独特防御与聚居功能的传统民居建筑,主要分布在中国福建省西南部山区。它最早出现于宋元时期,17—20 世纪达到鼎盛。土楼以夯土筑墙、圆形或方形布局闻名,其外墙厚实高耸,内院层层环绕,体现了客家人“团结守望、兼容并蓄”的精神。代表性建筑如永定县的承启楼和南靖县的田螺坑土楼群,已被列入世界文化遗产名录。如今,客家土楼不仅是研究客家文化的珍贵实物,更吸引国内外游客,成为乡村振兴的文化名片。
参考翻译
Hakka tulou, a form of traditional communal dwelling renowned for its defensive and residential functions, is mainly found in the mountainous southwest of Fujian Province. Emerging in the Song–Yuan era and flourishing from the 17th to the 20th century, tulou are distinguished by rammed‑earth walls and circular or rectangular layouts. Their thick, towering exteriors and concentric interior rings embody the Hakka spirit of solidarity and inclusiveness. Iconic structures—such as Chengqi Building in Yongding and the Tianluokeng Cluster in Nanjing—are inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Today, tulou serve as invaluable artifacts for studying Hakka culture and draw visitors worldwide, becoming a cultural emblem in China’s rural revitalization.
重点词汇
词汇
词性
释义
例句
Hakka
adj./n.
客家的;客家人
Hakka
communities built tulou for collective living.
tulou
n.
土楼
The circular tulou resembles a giant fortress.
rammed‑earth
adj.
夯土的
Rammed‑earth
walls keep interiors cool in summer.
concentric
adj.
同心的
The dwellings feature concentric corridors.
solidarity
n.
团结
Tulou architecture reflects communal solidarity .
World Heritage List
n.
世界遗产名录
Several tulou are on the World Heritage List .
rural revitalization
n.
乡村振兴
Tulou tourism fuels local rural revitalization .
重点句型
be distinguished by …
土楼以厚实的夯土墙而著称。
Tulou are distinguished by their thick rammed‑earth walls.embody the spirit of …
它体现了客家人团结守望的精神。
They embody the spirit of Hakka solidarity.be inscribed on …
承启楼被列入世界遗产名录。
Chengqi Building is inscribed on the World Heritage List.serve as … for …
土楼是研究客家文化的珍贵实物。
Tulou serve as invaluable artifacts for studying Hakka culture.draw visitors worldwide
它吸引了来自世界各地的游客。
They draw visitors worldwide.
建筑术语:使用 rammed‑earth, concentric 等专业词汇,突出结构特点。
时间发展:通过 emerging in, flourishing from 描述历史演变。
文化核心:强调土楼与客家精神、乡村振兴的联系,增加人文深度。
世界视角:提及世界遗产地位,体现国际认可与保护价值。
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