全球首例！基因编辑猪肝脏，被中国团队成功移植到人体

据新华社，中国研究团队伦敦时间26日在英国《自然》杂志在线发表论文，报告世界首例将基因编辑猪的肝脏移植到脑死亡人体内的成功案例，移植的肝脏各项生理功能表现良好，这将有助于解决移植器官短缺问题。

A Chinese research team has successfully completed the world's first transplant of a gene-edited pig liver into a brain-dead human, with the organ showing good physiological function, Xinhua reported Wednesday.

本次研究中基因编辑猪肝脏移植示意图。（研究团队供图）

中国科学院院士窦科峰带领西京医院等机构的研究团队，以一只经过6处基因编辑的猪为供体，将猪的肝脏移植到一名已脑死亡但身体基本机能仍被维持的人的体内，人类受体自身的肝脏被保留，以此模拟临床肝衰竭患者的替代支持治疗过程。

“我们观察到，移植的经基因编辑的猪肝脏在人体内能够发挥生理功能，正常分泌胆汁，血供和病理结果均良好。”窦科峰对新华社记者介绍，在移植后的10天观察期内，未见超急性排斥反应，未发现猪内源性逆转录病毒在人体传播的情况。

Dou Kefeng, an academician at the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), led a research team from Xijing Hospital and other institutions in transplanting the liver of a pig with six genetic edits into a brain-dead human whose basic bodily functions were still being maintained. The recipient's own liver was retained to simulate support therapy for patients with clinical liver failure. "We observed that the transplanted gene-edited pig liver can perform physiological functions in the human body, secreting bile normally, with good blood supply and pathological results," Dou Kefeng told Xinhua. No hyperacute rejection or transmission of porcine endogenous retrovirus to humans was detected during the 10-day observation.

《自然》杂志专门就这篇论文举行在线记者会，介绍这是已知的全球首个将基因编辑猪的肝脏移植给脑死亡人类受体的成功案例，论文发表标志着这项去年3月完成的研究成果得到国际学术界承认。《自然》网站相关报道表示这是“将动物器官移植给人的一个里程碑”。

The study was published in Nature on March 26. The journal held an online press conference specifically for this paper, introducing it as the world's first known successful case of transplanting a gene-edited pig liver into a brain-dead human recipient. The publication of the paper marks the recognition of the research completed last March by the international academic community. A related report on the Nature website described it as a "milestone" in the transplantation of animal organs into humans.

英国牛津大学移植学教授彼得·弗兰德评价说，“这是一项重要的研究”，推动了从动物向人类的异种器官移植科研领域的发展，手术技术“非常精妙”，表明在临床上应用相关技术是可行的。

Peter Friend, professor of transplantation from University of Oxford commented that "This is an important study because it advances the field of xenotransplantation from non-human primates to human." Friend said that this is a very "elegant" surgical technique, noting that "it is potentially feasible in a clinical setting as a temporary bridging technique."

据介绍，这项研究的手术方案先后通过相关的学术委员会、伦理委员会等论证，严格按照国家有关规定逐项进行。人类受体为一例重型闭合性颅脑损伤患者，经全力抢救仍脑死亡，患者家属同意无偿参与异种肝移植科学研究，为医学进步作出贡献。移植研究在10天后因家属意愿终止。

The surgical plan was reviewed by relevant academic and ethics committees and was carried out strictly in accordance with national regulations. The recipient was a brain-dead patient with severe head trauma. The recipient's family agreed to participated in the xenogeneic liver transplant study without compensation, contributing to medical progress. The procedure was ended after 10 days at the request of the family.

近年来，在基因编辑等新技术推动下，以猪作为供体的异种器官移植取得较大进展。猪的一些器官与人类器官大小和功能相似，经过基因编辑后可以减少免疫排斥反应等风险。全球医学界近年已报告了基因编辑猪的心脏、肾脏移植到人体的多个案例，这些研究将有助于解决可供移植的器官短缺这个世界难题。

来源：新华社 环球时报

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