辽宁
According to IMO's requirements, ships that do not meet EEXI requirements need to limit the main engine power to achieve the required EEXI.
Here share with you some tips for the power limiter installation.
《MARPOL公约》附件6修正法案已经于去年11月1日正式生效，今年1月1日起正式实施。法案规定的除一些特殊船舶以外，所有总吨超过400吨的船舶，都需要满足EEXI的要求。
根据IMO的要求，未满足EEXI要求的船舶需要进行主机功率的限制以达到其需要满足的EEXI值。功率限制主要的方式有两种，一种是安装EPL（功率限制器），另外一种是安装ShaPoLi（轴功率限制器）。
可越控主机功率限制器
针对采用机械式燃油喷射系统的主机（只有一台主机的情况），因EPL安装方便、结构简单，是该类型主机进行功率限制的最优选择。
SHaPoLi 适合于多台主机或者是电推等较复杂推进系统的功率限制。因其直接监测了主轴输出的实际功率，SHaPoli 对于漏油或者磨损严重的主机而言更为友好。但价格贵、安装较复杂是该类功率限制器的缺点。
轴功率限制器
IMO对于功率限制器的安装厂家没有明确的规定。因此不管是原主机厂家还是有能力的第三方服务机构均能提供相关服务。
在进行功率限制器安装之前后，需要注意的事项有四点：
EEXI 技术文档，EPL 报告及OMM手册需要经过挂旗国或者是RO组织（船级社等）的批准确认后才能进行EPL的安装；
EPL安装需要在2023年第一次检查之前完成。安装之后，需要经过授权的验船师的现场检验方可被正式接受；
重点核对营运船舶在限制功率后是否满足日常营运时的功率需求。对于机械式主机而言，可以通过将限制功率后的最大油门刻度与日常实用的油门刻度进行比较的方式来判断是否满足实际需求；
安装EPL之后需要进行调速器的适配和调整。在实际营运过程中，可能出现在最大限制功率点附近运行的情况，此时突如其来的载荷增加（例如突遇风浪），有可能导致油门顶死现象出现，如果在安装EPL的时候没有对调速器进行相应调整，航行过程中调速器烧坏的风险将大大增加。
利用CFD数值模拟方法获取参考速度，加装水动力节能装置、改造螺旋桨、更换球艏以及安装空气润滑、风力推进等新型节能装置均能达到节能减排、改善EEXI的目的。
RINA Consulting 作为 RINA 集团的技术咨询公司（意大利排名第二，全球排名第57）致力于为全球客户提供全方位的咨询服务。
有关船舶能效，EEXI提升方面的工程问题，敬请咨询我们的技术专家杨帆先生，联系方式：18817556895，fan.yang@rina.org。
There are two main ways to limit power, one is to install EPL (engine power limitation) and the other is to install ShaPoLi (shaft power limitation).
Before proceeding with the power limiter installation, there are 4 things need to be paid attention:
EEXI technical file, EPL report and OMM manual need to be approved and confirmed by the Flag Administration or RO (such as classification society, etc.) before EPL can be installed.
EPL installation needs to be completed before the first inspection in 2023. After installation, an on-site inspection by an authorized surveyor is required before it can be officially accepted
Focus on checking whether the operating ship meets the power demand during daily operation after installing EPL/SHaPoLi. For mechanical engines, it is possible to determine whether the actual needs are met by comparing the maximum fuel rack after a power limitation is installed with its normal or maximum value in daily operation.
After installing EPL, it is necessary to adapt and adjust the governor. In the actual operation process, there may be a situation of running near the maximum limit power point, at this time a sudden load increase (such as sudden wind and waves) may lead to throttle top death phenomenon, if the governor is not adjusted accordingly when installing the EPL, the risk of the governor burned out during navigation will be greatly increased.
Further questions about ship energy efficiency and EEXI improvement, please contact our senior technician Mr.Yang Fan, M. 18817556895, E. fan.yang@rina.org.
关于 RINA
RINA是一家业务多元化的全球性集团公司，拥有160多年的历史，为能源、海事、认证、交通和基础设施、房地产以及工业领域提供广泛的服务。包括船舶入级、海事检验、质量认证、检验、测试、培训，以及工程技术咨询、设计、项目管理和可持续发展产品以及新材料的研发等。
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About RINA
RINA is a multi-national Group that delivers verification, certification, conformity assessment, marine classification, environmental enhancement, product testing, site and vendor supervision, training, and engineering & technical consultancy across a wide range of industries and services, which includes the Energy, Marine, Certification, Transport & Infrastructure, Real Estate, and Industry sectors.
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