责编 | 王一
2022年11月18日, 中国科学院分子植物科学卓越创新中心刘宏涛研究组在Nature Communications在线发表了题为CRY2 interacts with CIS1 to regulate thermosensory flowering via FLM alternative splicing的研究论文,揭示了蓝光通过CRY2–CIS1–FLM信号通路调节拟南芥中温度调控的开花时间,该信号通路将开花时间与光照和环境温度联系起来。
光照和温度共同调控了下胚轴和叶柄伸长、开花时间、内源生物钟、种子萌发、株型等重要性状 。自然条件下光和温度通常是协同变化的,但蓝光信号和温度信号如何协同调控下胚轴伸长和开花时间有待阐明。
隐花色素 (CRYs) 是一类光裂解酶类似的蓝光受体,最初在拟南芥中发现,后来在几乎所有物种中都被发现。刘宏涛研究组之前发现蓝光受体隐花素CRY不仅参与蓝光响应,也参与温度响应。蓝光和温度信号可以通过使PIF4 (Ma et al., 2016) 共同调控胚轴伸长,蓝光还可以通过调控冷诱导蛋白COR27和COR28的表达量而参与低温响应,平衡植物发育与抗冷性 (Li et al., 2016) 。COR27和COR28还参与调控植物暗形态建成和光形态建成过程 (Li et al., 2020) 。CRY参与温度响应,其本身也受到温度调控,CRY2蛋白稳定性不仅受蓝光调节,而且受温度调节 (Ma et al., 2021) ,但光和温度如何协同调控开花时间仍有待解析。CRYs通过调节多种转录因子的活性来调节转录 (Liu et al., 2008; Liu et al., 2013; Ma et al., 2016; Pedmale et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2018; Wang et al., 2019) ,然而CRYs是否以及如何影响mRNA的加工尚不清楚。选择性剪接 (AS) 可能导致内含子去除或保留,或可能与选择性5'和/或3'剪接位点 (SSs) 结合,从单个基因产生多个转录本。AS是一个关键的转录后事件,在不增加基因数量的情况下调节转录物丰度并扩大转录组多样性。
该研究发现,CRY2能以蓝光依赖形式结合一个RNA结合蛋白,将其命名为CIS1。CIS1在拟南芥的温度调控开花中发挥关键作用,而CIS1促进开花的功能是完全依赖于CRY2的。进一步的研究发现蓝光和CRY2能够调节RNA AS影响蛋白质表达和发育,并且蓝光和CRY调控的AS与CIS1调控的AS存在大量重叠,包括在温度调控开花中具有重要功能的FLM的选择性剪接。FLM前体mRNA随着环境温度的变化而发生选择性剪接变化,FLM β剪接形式在低温下增加以抑制开花。CIS1与FLM前体mRNA结合以调节其AS,而CRY2调节CIS1的RNA结合活性。CRY2-CIS1-FLM是全新的开花调控信号通路,CRY2是介导蓝光和温度协同调控开花的关键因子,不仅调控光周期调控的开花时间,也参与调控环境温度调节的开花。
有趣的是CIS1在进化中保守,动物和人中都有CIS1同源蛋白,该研究还发现人的CIS1同源蛋白能直接结合人CRY蛋白,表明CRY通过结合RNA结合蛋白而调控开花时间这一新调控机制可能在进化中保守存在。
参考文献:
Li, X., Liu, C., Zhao, Z., Ma, D., Zhang, J., Yang, Y., Liu, Y., and Liu, H. (2020). COR27 and COR28 Are Novel Regulators of the COP1-HY5 Regulatory Hub and Photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis. The Plant cell 32, 3139-3154.
Li, X., Ma, D., Lu, S.X., Hu, X., Huang, R., Liang, T., Xu, T., Tobin, E.M., and Liu, H. (2016). Blue Light- and Low Temperature-Regulated COR27 and COR28 Play Roles in the Arabidopsis Circadian Clock. The Plant cell 28, 2755-2769.
Liu, H., Yu, X., Li, K., Klejnot, J., Yang, H., Lisiero, D., and Lin, C. (2008). Photoexcited CRY2 interacts with CIB1 to regulate transcription and floral initiation in Arabidopsis. Science 322, 1535-1539.
Liu, Y., Li, X., Li, K., Liu, H., and Lin, C. (2013). Multiple bHLH proteins form heterodimers to mediate CRY2-dependent regulation of flowering-time in Arabidopsis. PLoS Genet 9, e1003861.
Liu, Y., Li, X., Ma, D., Chen, Z., Wang, J.W., and Liu, H. (2018). CIB1 and CO interact to mediate CRY2-dependent regulation of flowering. EMBO Rep.
Ma, D., Li, X., Guo, Y., Chu, J., Fang, S., Yan, C., Noel, J.P., and Liu, H. (2016). Cryptochrome 1 interacts with PIF4 to regulate high temperature-mediated hypocotyl elongation in response to blue light. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 113, 224-229.
Ma, L., Li, X., Zhao, Z., Hao, Y., Shang, R., Zeng, D., and Liu, H. (2021). Light-Response Bric-A-Brack/Tramtrack/Broad proteins mediate cryptochrome 2 degradation in response to low ambient temperature. The Plant cell.
Pedmale, U.V., Huang, S.S., Zander, M., Cole, B.J., Hetzel, J., Ljung, K., Reis, P.A., Sridevi, P., Nito, K., Nery, J.R., Ecker, J.R., and Chory, J. (2016). Cryptochromes Interact Directly with PIFs to Control Plant Growth in Limiting Blue Light. Cell 164, 233-245.
Wang, F., Gao, Y., Liu, Y., Zhang, X., Gu, X., Ma, D., Zhao, Z., Yuan, Z., Xue, H., and Liu, H. (2019). BES1-regulated BEE1 controls photoperiodic flowering downstream of blue light signaling pathway in Arabidopsis. New Phytol 223, 1407-1419.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-34886-2
特别声明:以上内容(如有图片或视频亦包括在内)为自媒体平台“网易号”用户上传并发布,本平台仅提供信息存储服务。
Notice: The content above (including the pictures and videos if any) is uploaded and posted by a user of NetEase Hao, which is a social media platform and only provides information storage services.