东京地铁丸之内线将引入GoA2.5级自动驾驶系统

徐纪康 整理

日本消息：东京地铁向《国际铁路公报》透露，计划在1435毫米轨距的丸之内线（4号线）引入其称为“GoA2.5级”的列车控制系统。

丸之内线自2008年起便采用有人值守的自动驾驶系统（ATO），达到GoA2级自动化水平。目前东京地铁正在开展GoA2.5级系统的现场测试，预计将于2027财年末部分投入使用。

东京地铁表示，GoA2.5是日本本土定义的自动化等级，介于国际电工委员会（IEC）62267标准中的GoA2级与GoA3级之间。根据该国际标准，GoA2级为驾驶室内配备司机的有人值守自动驾驶，GoA3级则基本为无人驾驶模式，仅在列车上配备一名乘务员。

GoA2.5级同样不设专职司机，仅配备一名随车乘务员，但该工作人员需位于列车前部的驾驶室内。这一设置便于其在紧急情况下触发紧急制动，同时能在列车需疏散时及时提供引导。

CBTC系统部署

东京地铁还在推进全网基于通信的列车控制（CBTC）系统部署。丸之内线作为该运营商九条线路中首个完成该技术铺设的线路，已于2024年12月实现全线CBTC系统运营。

此前，东京地铁已利用一列改装列车，在丸之内线中野坂上站至本站的三站支线，对三菱电机提供的CBTC设备进行了大量测试。

日比谷线（2号线）预计将于2026财年切换至CBTC系统运营，半藏门线（11号线）则计划在2028财年完成该系统安装。

附 GoA2.5级和GoA3级自动化系统的区别主要体现在人员配置及职责、自动化程度等方面，具体如下：

人员配置及职责

GoA2.5级：配备一名非司机的工作人员，位于列车前部的驾驶室内，除正常职责外，还负责在紧急情况下进行紧急停止操作和疏散引导等。

GoA3级：车上没有司机，仅安排一名乘务人员，其主要职责是应对突发事件，如控制车门开关以及在紧急情况下对列车进行控制。

自动化程度

GoA2.5级：介于GoA2和GoA3之间，虽然列车运行也具备较高的自动化水平，但在紧急情况下需要工作人员在驾驶室内直接进行干预操作。

GoA3级：列车基本具备全自动驾驶的功能，由信号系统对列车运行进行全程控制，列车的启动、停站、运行均由信号系统控制，乘务人员的干预相对较少。

原文如下：

Tokyo Metro to introduce GoA2·5 automated operation on the Marunouchi Line

JAPAN: Tokyo Metro is working to introduce what it calls ‘GoA2·5’ train control on the 1 435 mm gauge Marunouchi Line (Line 4), the operator has told Railway Gazette International.

The Marunouchi Line has been operating using attended ATO to Grade of Automation 2 since 2008, and Tokyo Metro is now undertaking field testing of GoA2·5, ahead of a partial roll-out by the end of FY2027.

Tokyo Metro says GoA2·5 is a term which is used in Japan to define a level of attended automated operation somewhere between GoA2 and GoA3. In the IEC 62267 international standard, GoA2 is defined as attended ATO with a driver in the cab, while GoA3 is essentially driverless operation with an attendant somewhere onboard.

GoA2·5 also has an onboard attendant rather than a driver, but this staff member is located in the cab at the front of the train. This allows them to intervene by triggering an emergency stop if necessary, and to be on hand to provide guidance if a train has to be evacuated.

CBTC deployment

Tokyo Metro is also working to introduce CBTC across its network. The technology was put into operation across the whole of the Marunouchi Line in December 2024, as the first of the nine lines to be equipped by the operator. This followed extensive testing of CBTC equipment supplied by Mitsubishi Electric on the three-station Marunouchi Line branch between Nakano-sakaue and Honancho using a single modified trainset.

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Tokyo Metro Hibiya Line

A Hibiya Line trainset.

The Hibiya Line (Line 2) is due to switch over to CBTC operation in FY2026, while installation is planned to be completed on the Hanzomon Line (Line 11) in FY 2028.

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