四六级阅读进阶技巧
之前我们分析了四六级阅读的常见方法,但阅读和听力的比重一样,各占35%
如此重要,那有没有什么方法可以将阅读再提高呢?
首先,咱们再来复习一下四六级常见的阅读题型
六种阅读理解题型:
Important
1.例证题
2.主旨题
3.作者态度题
4.推理判断题
5.词汇题、细节题
接下来我们会根据每一种题型的特点,针对性分析在不同题型下如何拿分~
01
例证题
标志:example, case, illustrate, to show
解题思路:
1.注意例子从哪里开始,到哪里结束
(并一定标记出来)
2.若一整段都是例子,多是为了说明文章主题
3.相互矛盾的选项中,其中之一往往是答案,例子本身不重要,重要的是例子所支持的观点
该观点一般在例子前面(80%),也有时在例子后面(20%)
4.干扰选项特点:就事论事/用例子本身
真题示例分析
- CET4/6 -
来源题目:2023年6月CET-4阅读真题-节选
In recent years, the trend of urban gardening has gained popularity in many cities around the world. Urban gardening refers to the practice of growing plants and vegetables in urban areas, such as rooftops, balconies, and community gardens. For example, in New York City, many residents have turned their rooftops into lush green gardens, not only beautifying the cityscape but also providing fresh produce for local communities. This trend has many benefits, including improving air quality, reducing urban heat, and promoting community engagement。
题目:
What is the purpose of the example of New York City in the passage?
A) To show the popularity of urban gardening in New York City.
B) To illustrate the benefits of urban gardening.
C) To compare urban gardening in New York City with other cities.
D) To describe the types of plants grown in urban gardens.
解析:
1.识别例子:
文章中提到“for example, in New York City, many residents have turned their rooftops into lush green gardens...”,这是一个典型的例子。
2.理解例子与观点的关系:
例子之前提到“urban gardening refers to the practice of growing plants and vegetables in urban areas...”,例子之后提到“this trend has many benefits...”,表明例子是为了说明城市园艺的好处。
3.排除干扰选项:
A) To show the popularity of urban gardening in New York City:
虽然例子提到了纽约市的城市园艺,但主要目的是说明好处,而不是仅仅展示其流行程度。
B) To illustrate the benefits of urban gardening:
符合文章内容,正确答案。
C) To compare urban gardening in New York City with other cities:
文章中没有提到与其他城市的比较。
D) To describe the types of plants grown in urban gardens:
文章中没有提到植物的种类。
总结:
首先识别例子,然后理解例子与观点的关系,最后排除干扰选项。这个例子支持了文章中关于城市园艺好处的观点,而不是仅仅展示其流行程度或其他不相关的内容。在四六级阅读理解中,例证题的答案通常与例子所支持的观点密切相关,而不是例子本身。
02
主旨题
标志:main about, discuss, the best title purpose
解题思路:
1.分析每段首末句,把握主旨
2.找中心句(主旨),通常为问句+问答,
若文章开头是设问回答,则最有可能为主旨
3.找中心词,即文章中高频出现的词/词组,
即关键词
真题示例分析
- CET4/6 -
来源题目:2022年12月CET-6阅读真题-节选
In the digital age, the way we communicate has been transformed dramatically. Social media platforms have become the primary means of interaction for millions of people worldwide. These platforms offer a space where individuals can share their thoughts, experiences, and ideas instantly with a broad audience. However, the rise of social media has also raised concerns about privacy, misinformation, and the impact on mental health. Despite these challenges, social media continues to evolve, offering new features and tools designed to enhance user experience and safety.
题目:
What is the main topic of the passage?
A) The evolution of social media platforms.
B) The impact of social media on communication.
C) The challenges faced by social media users.
D) The future of digital communication.
解析:
1.分析每段首末句,把握主旨:
文章第一段提到了社交媒体如何改变我们的交流方式,这是文章的引入。
第二段讨论了社交媒体带来的挑战,如隐私、错误信息和心理健康的影响。
第三段提到尽管有这些挑战,社交媒体仍在发展,提供新功能和工具以增强用户体验和安全性。
2.找中心句(主旨):
文章没有直接的问句+回答形式的中心句,但通过分析可以发现,文章主要讨论的是社交媒体对交流方式的影响。
3.找中心词:
文章中高频出现的词/词组包括“social media”(社交媒体)、“communication”(交流)、“impact”(影响)等。
4.排除干扰选项:
A) The evolution of social media platforms:虽然提到了社交媒体的发展,但这不是文章的主旨。
B) The impact of social media on communication:符合文章内容,正确答案。
C) The challenges faced by social media users:虽然提到了挑战,但这也不是文章的主旨。
D) The future of digital communication:文章没有讨论数字交流的未来。
总结:
文章主要讨论了社交媒体对交流方式的影响,这是通过分析每段首末句、找中心句和中心词得出的结论。在四六级阅读理解中,主旨题的答案通常与文章的中心思想密切相关,而不是仅仅关注文章中的某个细节或次要观点。
03
态度题
标志:attitude,deem,consider,tone
常考类型:选择题
表示“正面/积极”:
positive, optimistic, approval, supportive
表示“负面/消极”:
negative, pessimistic, disapproval, critical, doubtful, suspicious, skeptical, questionable, objectionable
表示“中立”:
objective, impartial
表示“怀疑”:
doubtful, suspicious, skeptical
真题示例分析
- CET4/6 -
来源题目:2021年6月CET-4阅读真题-节选
The rapid development of technology has brought about significant changes in our daily lives. While many people view these changes as positive, others express concerns about the potential negative impacts. For instance, the widespread use of smartphones has made communication more convenient, but it has also led to issues such as distraction and privacy concerns. Despite these concerns, the overall tone of the discussion about technology is generally optimistic, as most people believe that the benefits of technological advancements outweigh the drawbacks.
题目:
What is the author's attitude towards the development of technology?
A) Positive
B) Negative
C) Skeptical
D) Impartial
解析:
1.识别态度标志词:
文章中出现了“optimistic”(乐观的)和“benefits outweigh the drawbacks”(利大于弊)等词汇,这些词汇表明作者对技术发展的态度是积极的。
2.分析文章内容:
文章提到了技术发展带来的便利,同时也提到了一些担忧,如分心和隐私问题。
尽管提到了担忧,但文章的总体语气是乐观的,因为作者认为技术进步的好处大于缺点。
3.排除干扰选项:
A) Positive:文章中多次提到乐观的态度和利大于弊的观点,符合文章内容,正确答案。
B) Negative:虽然文章提到了一些担忧,但总体态度是积极的,因此这个选项不正确。
C) Skeptical:文章没有表现出怀疑或不信任的态度,因此这个选项不正确。
D) Impartial:文章明确表达了作者的观点,即技术发展的好处大于坏处,因此不是中立的。
总结:
作者对技术发展的态度是积极的,这是通过识别文章中的态度标志词和分析文章内容得出的结论。在四六级阅读理解中,态度题的答案通常与作者在文章中表达的观点密切相关。通过仔细阅读和分析文章,可以准确判断作者的态度。
04
推理判断题
标志:infer, learn from, imply, suggest
解题思路:
选择原文当中同义复现/改写的句子,或对应段落转折处
原则:
① 同义改写:多写细节/主旨/逻辑
② 逻辑相反:多在转折处,but\however...
真题示例分析
- CET4/6 -
来源题目:2019年12月CET-6阅读真题-节选
In the past decade, there has been a significant increase in the number of people who prefer to work remotely. This trend is often attributed to the advancements in technology that have made it easier for employees to work from anywhere. Remote work is seen as offering numerous benefits, such as increased flexibility and a better work-life balance. However, some experts argue that remote work can also lead to feelings of isolation and reduced opportunities for collaboration.
题目:
What can be inferred about remote work from the passage?
A) It is becoming less popular due to technological issues.
B) It provides a perfect balance between work and personal life.
C) It might cause some employees to feel isolated.
D) It has no effect on opportunities for collaboration.
解析:
1.识别关键词:
题目中的“infer”是推理判断题的标志词。
2.分析文章内容:
文章提到远程工作提供了灵活性和更好的工作生活平衡,但也可能导致孤立感和减少合作机会。
3.寻找同义复现/改写的句子:
选项C中的“feel isolated”与文章中的“feelings of isolation”是同义复现。
4.排除干扰选项:
A) 文章没有提到远程工作因为技术问题而变得不受欢迎,反而提到了技术的进步促进了远程工作。
B) 文章虽然提到了工作生活平衡,但并没有说远程工作提供了完美的平衡,因此这个选项过于绝对。
D) 文章明确提到远程工作可能会减少合作机会,因此这个选项与文章内容相矛盾。
总结:
从文章中可以推断出远程工作可能会导致一些员工感到孤立,这是通过分析文章内容和寻找同义复现的句子得出的结论。在四六级阅读理解中,推理判断题的答案通常需要考生根据文章中的信息进行逻辑推理,而不是直接从文章中找到答案。通过仔细阅读和分析文章,可以准确推断出作者的隐含意思。
05
词汇、细节题
词汇题题目多直接引用生词提问,考对文章细节的理解
真题示例分析
- CET4/6 -
来源题目:2020年9月CET-4阅读真题-节选
The concept of mindfulness has gained considerable attention in recent years. Mindfulness refers to the practice of being fully present and engaged in the current moment, without being distracted by thoughts of the past or future. This practice has been shown to reduce stress and improve mental health. It can be cultivated through various activities such as meditation, yoga, or simply by focusing on one's breath.
题目:
The word "cultivated" in the passage most nearly means:
A) Ignored
B) Developed
C) Destroyed
D) Regulated
解析:
1.识别关键词:
题目中提到的“cultivated”是文章中的一个生词,需要考生根据上下文理解其含义。
2.分析文章内容:
文章中提到“Mindfulness can be cultivated through various activities such as meditation, yoga, or simply by focusing on one's breath.” 这句话说明了通过各种活动可以培养正念。
3.理解词汇含义:
根据上下文,“cultivated”在这里指的是通过某种方式使某种品质或能力得到发展或提高。
4.选择正确选项:
A) Ignored(忽视):与文章内容不符。
B) Developed(发展):符合文章内容,正确答案。
C) Destroyed(破坏):与文章内容不符。
D) Regulated(调节):虽然与培养有关,但不如“Developed”准确。
总结:
通过分析文章内容和上下文,可以推断出“cultivated”在文章中的含义是“发展”或“培养”。在四六级阅读理解中,词汇题通常要求考生根据文章内容理解生词的含义,而不是直接从字典中查找。通过仔细阅读和分析文章,可以准确理解生词在特定语境中的意思。
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