四六级考前预测 | 龙门石窟

龙门石窟位于河南省洛阳市南郊的伊河两岸，是中国规模宏大、艺术价值极高的石刻佛教艺术宝库。它始凿于北魏孝文帝时期，盛于唐代，历经四百余年不断开凿，现存洞窟二千三百多个、佛像十万余尊、碑刻题记三千多品。卢舍那大佛、奉先寺与二十品题刻被誉为石窟艺术巅峰，充分展示了古代雕刻技艺与中原佛教文化的融合。2000 年，龙门石窟被列入《世界遗产名录》。近年来，依托三维扫描与数字复原技术，文保人员持续开展加固与修复工程，使这一“石刻史书”焕发新的生命力。

参考翻译

The Longmen Grottoes, straddling both banks of the Yi River on the southern outskirts of Luoyang, Henan Province, constitute one of China’s largest and most artistically significant repositories of Buddhist rock carvings. Excavation began under Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei and flourished during the Tang dynasty, spanning more than four centuries. Today, over 2,300 caves, 100,000 Buddhist statues, and some 3,000 inscriptions remain. Masterpieces such as the Vairocana Buddha, Fengxian Temple, and the renowned Twenty Inscriptions exemplify the zenith of stone-carving skill and the synthesis of Buddhist art with Central Plains culture. Inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2000, the grottoes have recently benefited from 3-D scanning and digital restoration projects, breathing new life into this “stone chronicle” of Chinese history.

重点词汇

词汇

词性

释义

例句

grotto

n.

石窟

Each grotto houses intricate Buddhist reliefs.

limestone cliff

n.

石灰岩崖壁

Statues are carved directly into the limestone cliff .

Buddhist statue

n.

佛像

The colossal Buddhist statue of Vairocana dominates the facade.

inscription

n.

题刻

Stone inscriptions record donors’ names and dates.

UNESCO World Heritage Site

n.

世界遗产地

It became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000.

digital restoration

n.

数字复原

Digital restoration

recreates weathered details virtually.

preservation project

n.

保护工程

A long-term preservation project fortifies weakened caves.

重点句型

1. be carved into …
   佛像被雕刻在石灰岩崖壁上。
   The statues are carved into the limestone cliff.

2. date back to …
   石窟始凿于北魏时期。
   The grottoes date back to the Northern Wei period.

3. be renowned for …
   它以精湛的石刻艺术闻名。
   They are renowned for their exquisite stone carvings.

4. bear witness to …
   题刻见证了佛教传播与社会变迁。
   The inscriptions bear witness to the spread of Buddhism and social change.

5. combine … with …
   龙门石窟将宗教艺术与中原文化融合。
   The Longmen Grottoes combine religious art with Central Plains culture.

• 术语精确：采用 grotto, limestone cliff, inscription 等专业词汇凸显考古与艺术特色。

• 时间线索：用 date back to, spanning more than four centuries 梳理石窟开凿的历史跨度。

• 数字化保护：强调 digital restoration 与 preservation project，体现传统文物在现代技术助力下的活化。

• 文化深度：通过 bear witness to 等表达突出龙门石窟在宗教传播与社会史研究中的价值，增强译文的学术分量。

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