非绝热理论、钠离子电池、多体系量子计算、强透引力透镜 | 本周物理讲座

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报告人：Professor George Sawatzky, Quantum Mater Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

时间：6月2日（周二）10:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：D楼210报告厅

摘要:

George Sawatzky is a Canadian physicist known for pioneering work on strongly correlated electron systems. He co-developed the Cini-Sawatzky theory of the Auger effect and the Zaanen-Sawatzky-Allen (ZSA) bandgap classification. A professor at the University of British Columbia, he has received the Spinoza Prize, the Henry Marshall Tory Medal, and is a Fellow of the Royal Society (London) and the Royal Society of Canada.

报告人简介:

3d transition metal and rare earth compounds continuously reveal exotic properties like high-temperature superconductivity, hard magnets, ion batteries, large thermoelectric effects, dissipationless spin transport, altermagnets, and topological insulators. I will explain why these elements retain much atomic character in solids, leading to strong electron correlations that challenge our understanding of electronic, magnetic, and crystallographic structures. Focusing on Cu and Ni oxides (including high-Tc superconductors), I will use exact diagonalization of small clusters and hybrid density functional theory to show strong spin-charge-lattice interplay. This also leads to a new electron-boson coupling, where bosons are local singlet-triplet excitations distinct from conventional magnons.

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报告人：陈浩然，华盛顿大学

时间：6月2日（周二）10:00

单位：中国科学院理论物理研究所

腾讯会议:635-161-930

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报告人：Robin Fynn Diedrichs，University of Hannover

时间：6月2日（周二）14:00

单位：中国科学院理论物理研究所

地点：南楼6620

MeetingID：81717484589

Passcode：594774

摘要:

Theories beyond General Relativity typically contain at least one additional scalar degree of freedom, effectively mediating an additional force. While this force must be highly suppressed in low-density environments to pass current constraints, it generically leads to deviations from General Relativity in high-density / high-curvature environments, such as neutron stars and black holes, and thus impacts their observables. I will discuss how binary systems in theories that feature such a fifth force can be treated using an effective field theory approach and present results regarding observables such as the power loss and the gravitational wave signal.

报告人简介:

Robin Fynn Diedrichs is currently a postdoctoral fellow at Leibniz University Hannover, Germany. His research focuses on analytical modeling of gravitational waves from compact binaries in modified gravity using effective field theories. From 2021 to 2026, he carried out his doctoral research at Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany, with a thesis entitled “Impact of Dark Matter and Modified Gravity on Compact Binary Systems”.

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报告人：梁之鼎，香港中文大学

时间：6月2日（周二）15:00

单位：中国科学院计算技术研究所

链接：

摘要:

本报告从跨层系统视角出发，探讨面向容错量子计算（FTQC）的编译与校准问题。不同于经典计算，量子程序的编译策略与底层物理噪声高度耦合，电路深度、执行时长以及两比特门保真度直接决定算法能否成功运行。当前量子硬件普遍面临相干时间受限、器件非均匀性显著以及误差随时间漂移等挑战，使得传统“硬件或算法单点优化”的思路难以支撑大规模可靠计算。针对这些问题，报告针对超导量子比特，光量子以及中性原子量子比特三种不同体系进行编译和架构介绍，并且通过利用量子器件的物理特性与拓扑结构，分别实现量子软硬件协同设计。

报告人简介:

梁之鼎现任香港中文大学计算机科学与工程系助理教授。他曾于2024年至2025年在伦斯勒理工学院计算机科学系担任助理教授，并于2024年获得圣母大学博士学位，于2020年获得威斯康辛大学麦迪逊分校学士学位。他的研究成果已发表在多个国际顶级会议和期刊上，包括ISCA、HPCA、DAC、SIGMETRICS、ICCAD、NeurIPS、QCE，以及npj drug discovery，TCAD、TSG、TQE和TVCG等。他曾两次（2021年与2022年）入选DAC Young Fellow，并于2025年入选ML and Systems Rising Star。此外，他还曾获提名圣母大学IDEA Center的Edison Innovation Fellowship。他长期致力于量子计算教育与社区建设，是Quantum Computer System（QuCS）Lecture Series的联合创始人，该系列讲座在全球量子计算社区具有广泛影响力。他还是TorchQuantum开源库的主要贡献者之一，该项目已被纳入IBM Qiskit生态系统和PyTorch生态系统，并在GitHub上获得超过1.6K的星标。他也曾主持了NSF（美国国家自然基金）量子计算相关项目及IBM研究项目。

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报告人：李国亮，紫金山天文台

时间：6月2日（周二）16:00

单位：中国科学技术大学　天文学系

链接：

摘要:

自1979年首例强引力透镜系统在天文观测中被证实以来，迄今已累计发现上万例星系-星系强引力透镜事件和约2万例银河系内的微引力透镜事件。随着观测数据的累积和观测设备性能的提升，一类新的透镜现象正在引起天文学家的重视，即：强透镜环境下的微透镜效应。当被强透镜的背景近似为点源（比如高红移恒星、超新星、快速射电暴、引力波源等）时，透镜星系/星系团内的弥散恒星的微透镜效应变得显著，并产生多种可观测特征，为天文学研究打开了新窗口。本报告将介绍其原理并汇总一些当前的观测进展。

报告人简介:

李国亮，紫金山天文台“宇宙结构与巡天大数据团组”首席研究员、博士生导师。1999年毕业于兰州大学物理系，2006年获得中科院研究生院理学博士学位。2007-2011年先后在德国波恩大学、美国普渡大学任洪堡学者及博士后，2012年通过“院百人计划”项目回国工作。其主要研究领域包括：引力透镜理论和模拟、宇宙学、数值计算以及图像处理等。入职以来，主持基金委联合重点项目和重点项目各1项，面上项目2项。近年来主要参与中国空间站工程光学巡天望远镜工作，负责实施CSST的主巡天相机观测仿真、组织CSST二批科学研究课题等任务。

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报告人：Prof. Hui-Ke Jin，ShanghaiTech University

时间：6月3日（周三）10:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点： Room M830

摘要：

Moire transition metal dichalcogenides have served as a versatile platform for simulating Hubbard physics. Recent experiments have identified robust superconductivity in moire bilayer WSe2 for certain twist angles. Here, we propose the gossamer nature of the superconductivity recently discovered at half-filling and zero displacement field in twisted WSe2.

By mapping the moire continuum system to an effective extended single-orbital Hubbard model on the triangular lattice, we employ renormalized mean-field theory to investigate the strong-coupling phase diagram.

We find that a moderate Coulomb repulsion partially suppresses charge fluctuations while preserving a finite density of mobile doublons and holes. In this regime, the interplay between extended kinetic hoppings and antiferromagnetic superexchange stabilizes a chiral d+id superconducting phase.

Our results naturally account for the twist-angle-dependent evolution from a Mott insulator to a superconductor and eventually to a correlated metal. Furthermore, the model demonstrates that this half-filled pairing state vanishes rapidly upon density doping, consistent with experimental observations.

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报告人：Victor Despré，里昂第一大学

时间：6月3日（周三）15:00

单位：上海大学理学院

链接：

摘要:

阿秒物理学的问世，使得人们能够观测和操控发生在原子与分子电荷运动内禀时间尺度内的动力学过程。这为阿秒化学梦想的实现打开了大门，即通过对系统激发后最初瞬间发生的纯电子动力学——电荷迁移——的操控来控制化学反应。因此，分子体系中长寿命电子相干性的存在，是实现该目标的第一个关键前提。此外，理解导致相干性丧失或阻止其丧失的机制，对于阿秒化学的发展亦是必要的。本文将介绍阿秒电荷迁移中退相干与恢复的首次测量。该动力学过程发生在硅烷(SiH₄)被红外脉冲激发之后。文中将讨论对电子和核自由度均作量子力学处理的模拟，正是这些模拟使得实验结果得以被解释。利用这些模拟，可以对相干性的行为以及相干性通过圆锥交叉得以保持的可能性作出合理解释。实现阿秒化学的第二个关键前提是理解电荷迁移如何影响分子体系的反应活性。最近，在腺嘌呤上进行的极紫外泵浦–红外探测实验在其双阳离子信号中观测到了低于3飞秒的延迟。利用多电子波包传播计算，将展示该延迟源于分子关联能带区域中发生的关联驱动电荷迁移，这一过程使体系趋于稳定。该稳定化源于所产生空穴的离域化，以及其特征从σ向π的转变。所观测到的动力学具有普适性，这使得关联能带成为探索阿秒化学所提供可能性的广阔平台。

报告人简介:

Victor Despré博士，法国国家科学研究中心（CNRS）研究员，现任职于里昂第一大学（Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1）光与物质研究所（Institut Lumière Matière, iLM）。他于2015年在里昂第一大学获物理学博士学位，2016年至2022年在德国海德堡大学理论化学组从事博士后研究，受德意志研究联合会（DFG）优先项目连续两期资助。2022年10月起，他入职CNRS担任研究员（Chargé de Recherche）。

Despré博士的研究聚焦于阿秒科学、超快电子-核动力学、分子电荷迁移及光与物质相互作用等前沿方向，致力于通过先进的理论方法与数值模拟揭示分子体系中的超快量子过程。他在人才培养方面经验丰富，已指导1名博士生（现为美国亚利桑那大学tenure-track助理教授）、9名硕士生及2名本科生。

在学术服务与荣誉方面，他于2025年当选为CNRS国家委员会第6学部（原子、分子与等离子体物理、光学与激光）委员并担任科学秘书；曾获法国CMOA颁发的QSCP promising scientist prize；并先后获得CNRS启动基金、DFG启动基金及Fédération de Recherche André-Marie Ampère等资助。他同时拥有法国国家大学委员会三个学部（理论、物理与分析化学；稀薄介质与光学；稠密介质与材料）的副教授（maître de conférences）任职资格。

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报告人：hengwei Jiang，Shanghai Jiao Tong university

时间：6月3日（周三）15:00

单位：北京大学物理学院

地点：西563会议室

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报告人：李福军，南开大学

时间：6月4日（周四）15:00

单位：北京大学物理学院

地点：物理大楼中212报告厅

摘要:

钠离子电池具有资源丰富、成本低等优势，将有望满足大规模储能对资源和成本的要求。层状氧化物正极、硬碳负极等关键材料及其界面性质是决定钠离子电池能量密度、循环寿命及成本的核心。然而，钠离子较大的离子半径及其较高的氧化还原电位，使层状氧化物正极材料易发生不可逆相变及表/界面失稳。硬碳负极也面临储钠机制不清、首效低、倍率差等难题。针对上述问题，我们从局域电子结构与材料微结构调控出发，有效优化了层状氧化物材料的相变路径及硬碳的孔结构，开发出系列高性能的正、负极材料，并阐明材料结构与电池性能的构效关系；调控电解液的溶剂化结构，设计开发了多种功能性电解液，提升了全电池的温度适应性与安全性能；开展钠离子电池的产业化中试验证，成功构筑了具有优异循环稳定性及安全性能的大容量钠离子电芯。

报告人简介:

李福军，南开大学教授、博士生导师，获国家杰出青年科学基金、国家优秀青年科学基金、以及中国电化学青年奖；入选科睿唯安2025年度全球高被引学者。主要从事低成本长寿命钠离子储能电池正、负极关键材料、功能电解液和钠离子电芯等研究工作，部分成果正在进行科研转化。在Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., J. Am. Chem. Soc., Nat. Commun., Adv. Mater.等国际学术期刊发表论文120余篇。申请中国发明专利40余项，其中授权20余项。承担国家重点研发计划课题、国家自然科学基金委杰出青年基金、国际及地区合作重点、JKW重点等项目10余项。担任eScience Energy期刊主编，Rare Metals和Molecules期刊编委，主编《二次电池科学与技术》教材1部。

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报告人：Hongping Deng，中国科学院上海天文台

时间：6月4日（周四）15:30

单位：北京大学物理学院

地点：KIAA-auditorium

摘要:

Accretion disks are the engines of the universe, fueling everything from newborn stars to supermassive black holes. While often modeled as simple, flat, circular rings, real disks are rarely so well-behaved. They are frequently born with misalignments or eccentricities and are prone to internal instabilities that break their symmetry. In this talk, I will explore the 'non-traditional' side of disk dynamics. We will discuss how magnetic fields influence spiral density waves in gravitationally unstable disks and how 'warped' disks can either generate internal turbulence or violently break apart. Finally, I will show why eccentric disks don't always circularize; instead, they can pile up highly eccentric flow at their inner edges. Their asymmetric structures offer a compelling new physical model for understanding the complex emission and variability we see in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN).

报告人简介:

Dr. Hongping Deng is a Research Professor at the Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He previously served as a postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics at the University of Cambridge (2019–2021). He obtained his PhD in Astrophysics from the University of Zurich (2015–2019) and a BS in Physics from Tsinghua University (2010–2014). His research interests lie in theoretical and computational astrophysics, with a focus on astrophysical fluids.

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报告人：Philip J.W. Moll，Max-Planck-Institute for Structure and Dynamics of Matter

时间：6月4日（周四）16:00

单位：清华大学物理系

地点：物理楼天行报告厅

摘要：

Symmetry is a core guiding theme in condensed matter research, informing the search for novel materials with unusual response functions. It enforces certain response functions to vanish if they are incompatible with the symmetry of the crystal lattice. For example, centro-symmetry and electronic directionality, such as diode-like behavior, is fundamentally incompatible. While this is rigorously true for bulk response functions, mesoscopic shapes may change the effective symmetry group of the problem, and unlock functionality forbidden by symmetry in the bulk. With recent advances in 3D mesoscopic control of single crystal structures via focused ion beam machining, shape control emerges as a powerful design principle towards electronic functionality in quantum materials.

This principle is applied to 3D microstructures of crystalline bismuth, in which strongly quantizing magnetic fields push electric transport currents to the surface – replacing completely the electronic symmetry of its hexagonal unit cell by the designed shape. Shape control uncovers a 3D version of the quantum Hall effect, in which geometric edge currents encircle the device in the quantum limit. In the iron-based superconductor FeSe, an inversion symmetric material, strong superconducting diode effects can be designed, tuned and even inverted by shape control over the formation of nematic domains on the mesoscale. Lastly, in CoTa3S6, shape and magnetic field direction are found to conspire to reduce the symmetry, allowing an otherwise symmetry forbidden coupling between a nematic and a chiral magnetic order. These cases serve as an example for the emergent paradigm of 3D shape control over electronically active quantum materials.

报告人简介：

Philip Moll is a director at the Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Solids in Hamburg, Germany. His “microstructured quantum matter” department investigates electronic transport on mesoscopically shaped 3D crystals of quantum materials. Philip obtained his PhD in 2012 at ETH Zurich in the group of Bertram Batlogg, working on iron-based superconductors in high magnetic fields. He joined UC Berkeley to work with James Analytis on topological systems. In 2015, he was awarded an independent Max-Planck research group at the MPI for Chemical Physics of Solids. Working with Andy Mackenzie and Claudia Felser, he focused on mesoscopic phenomena in ultra-clean layered metals and electron hydrodynamics. Moving to EPFL in 2018 as a tenure-track assistant professor, he established a group in the materials science department working towards shape/size control of topological systems before moving to Hamburg in 2022. He was awarded the ETH Metal, the ABB award and the Swiss Microscopy Society award for his work in Switzerland. In 2018 he won the Nicholas Kurti Science prize, the APS fellowship in 2025 and was awarded multiple prestigious junior grants, such as two ERC projects and a Swiss National Science Foundation Professorship.

封面图片来源：

https://interestingengineering.com/science/superconducting-dome-inside-nickelate

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