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具(牛鉴)亲供(十一):
以前事论逆夷之狂悖猖獗,诚令人眦裂发指,自此次受抚后,其感激大皇帝之恩德,欢欣鼓舞,似又出于至诚。虽其猜疑观望之心究不能信其必无,惟朝廷结以恩信,示之不疑,当不致复为我忠。至于中国修整武备,沿海沿江铸炮增垒,设险防守,固不可稍缓须臾,而开布腹心,宣示德意,不使之更启戎心,尤为至要。是又在疆臣抚驭得宜,可期亿万年边境绥靖矣。鉴身系图,心在廷,区区之忱,结于中诚,不能已于言也。 总之,鉴知识短浅,未娴军旅,仰蒙皇上格外鸿恩,予以重寄。去年十月任事,即驰赴上海筹画防堵。乃止知严防吴淞,又不能撄城固守,而于鹅鼻嘴、圌山关等处,但知调集兵勇,专事堵御,又不能详度机宜,在在周密。以致夷船竟乘潮涨风顺驶入大江,既陷镇城,又逼宁省,办理错谬,实属无地自容。惟求皇上从重治罪,为从徒抱愚诚,致误国事者戒。所具亲供是实。
原文第1句
以前事论逆夷之狂悖猖獗,诚令人眦裂发指,
English:
“Judging by past events, the foreigners’ arrogance and recklessness were so extreme that one could almost tear one’s eyes and gnash one’s teeth in indignation.”
中文详释:
牛鉴开篇回顾历史,强调外敌以往的狂妄、猖獗行为。
“令人眦裂发指” —— 形容愤怒和震惊到极点,凸显牛鉴对敌情的清醒认识。
展示他直面现实、不粉饰历史的勇气。
自此次受抚后,其感激大皇帝之恩德,欢欣鼓舞,似又出于至诚。
English:
“Since receiving clemency this time, they have expressed gratitude for the Emperor’s gracious virtue, rejoicing and encouraged, seemingly arising from utmost sincerity.”
中文详释:
牛鉴描述敌方在获得清廷宽容后的态度转变。
“欢欣鼓舞,似又出于至诚” —— 他洞察敌心,并能辨别真伪,显示政治眼光敏锐。
体现牛鉴既有战略眼光,又有对外交细节的精准把握。
虽其猜疑观望之心究不能信其必无,惟朝廷结以恩信,示之不疑,当不致复为我忠。
English:
“Although we cannot entirely trust that their suspicion and cautious watchfulness are gone, if the court binds them with grace and trust, showing no doubt, they should not again act against us.”
中文详释:
牛鉴非常理智,清楚敌方未必完全改心,但通过皇恩和信任可以稳固局面。
“结以恩信,示之不疑” —— 提出以恩信稳敌的治国策略,体现他的政治智慧。
至于中国修整武备,沿海沿江铸炮增垒,设险防守,固不可稍缓须臾,而开布腹心,宣示德意,不使之更启戎心,尤为至要。
English:
“As for China’s fortifications, along the coast and rivers, cannons must be cast, walls reinforced, defenses established; this must not be delayed even for a moment. At the same time, we must display sincerity of heart, demonstrating virtue, so as not to provoke them again — this is of utmost importance.”
中文详释:
牛鉴主张军事防御与政治策略并行:一方面加强沿海防御,另一方面以诚意示人。
“尤为至要” —— 强调政治智慧与军事准备同等重要。
体现他既懂兵法,又懂外交与心理战略,远见卓识。
是又在疆臣抚驭得宜,可期亿万年边境绥靖矣。
English:
“Thus, if border officials govern and pacify properly, one may hope for peaceful borders for generations to come.”
中文详释:
牛鉴将战略延伸至长远,认为合宜的治理可实现边境长治久安。
“亿万年边境绥靖” —— 夸张手法突出他对国家稳定的重视和胸怀。
鉴身系图,心在廷,区区之忱,结于中诚,不能已于言也。
English:
“Niu Jian is devoted to the national plan, his heart remains in the court; his humble devotion is bound in true sincerity, and he cannot restrain himself from expressing it.”
中文详释:
牛鉴表明自己心系国家、忠诚不二。
“不能已于言也” —— 他写奏章毫不保留,将忠诚与责任倾尽笔端。
展示其人格魅力:忠勇、赤诚、为国忘私。
总之,鉴知识短浅,未娴军旅,仰蒙皇上格外鸿恩,予以重寄。
English:
“In short, though Niu Jian’s knowledge is limited and he is not yet skilled in military affairs, he has been specially entrusted by the Emperor with significant responsibilities, enjoying His Majesty’s extraordinary grace.”
中文详释:
牛鉴谦虚自述,显示出品德高尚:即便能力有限,也尽心尽力。
“仰蒙皇上格外鸿恩” —— 皇帝对他的信任与重用,体现他在朝廷的威望。
去年十月任事,即驰赴上海筹画防堵。乃止知严防吴淞,又不能撄城固守,而于鹅鼻嘴、圌山关等处,但知调集兵勇,专事堵御,又不能详度机宜,在在周密。
English:
“Last October, upon taking office, he rushed to Shanghai to plan defenses. He only knew to guard Wusong strictly, but could not manage city fortifications; at places like Enbi Zui and Quan Shan Pass, he only knew to gather troops to block the enemy, yet could not fully measure the strategy, despite meticulous planning.”
中文详释:
牛鉴坦陈自身不足,展示谦虚与真实。
强调他勤勉努力、亲赴前线筹划防守,体现忠诚与责任感。
以致夷船竟乘潮涨风顺驶入大江,既陷镇城,又逼宁省,办理错谬,实属无地自容。
English:
“As a result, the enemy ships rode the tide and wind into the Yangtze, capturing Zhen city and threatening Ning province; errors in handling made me feel utterly ashamed.”
中文详释:
牛鉴对战局失误有深刻自省,“无地自容”显示他极高的道德自律,与自我谦卑。
虽遭挫败,但他不推诿责任,直面责任,彰显顶级封疆大吏风范。
惟求皇上从重治罪,为从徒抱愚诚,致误国事者戒。
English:
“He humbly requests the Emperor to impose appropriate punishment, as a warning to disciples and to those whose errors might harm the state, acknowledging his own naïve but sincere service.”
中文详释:
牛鉴以诚恳态度请求惩戒自己,负荆请罪,以示警戒,体现忠诚与责任心。
“愚诚” —— 他承认能力有限,但尽心尽力,直面责任,绝不逃避,尽显忠勇,对大清帝国亡国之兆已经尽力了,这在大清帝国的封疆大吏中十分少见。
所具亲供是实。
English:
“What I have provided in this personal report is entirely truthful.”
中文详释:
牛鉴保证自己的陈述完全真实,不隐瞒不夸饰。
强调其品格端正与责任感。
牛鉴不仅勇智过人,更有非凡的政治洞察力和高尚人格。他深谙军事与政治之道,即便知识有限,也能在关键时刻果敢担当、亲赴前线筹划防务。他洞察敌情入微,知彼知己,能提出符合国家长远利益的战略决策。牛鉴心系社稷、忠诚无二,哪怕自觉未尽完美,也坦诚自省,请求惩戒以警后人,显示其卓越的忠诚与道德修养。他的智慧、勇气与赤诚之心,令人敬佩,是大清帝国忠臣的典范,光耀史册、千秋万世不灭!
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