首次！中国科学家有重大发现

10月6日是中秋节，国家航天局和国家原子能机构联合发布嫦娥六号月球背面样品研究最新成果——中国科学家首次基于嫦娥六号月球背面样品（月壤）研究发现，月球背面月幔相比月球正面更“冷”。

The lunar farside mantle is relatively colder than the nearside mantle, Chinese scientists have, for the first time, discovered based on samples collected from the lunar far side by China's Chang'e 6 mission, China National Space Administration (CNSA) and China Atomic Energy Authority jointly released on Monday, which marks the traditional Chinese Mid-Autumn Festival (a traditional Chinese holiday that originates from worship of the moon).

这一发现进一步深化了人类对月球“二分性”现象的认识，为月球正面与月球背面的月幔温度差异提供了岩石学与地球化学等科学依据，为月球演化和“二分性”特征研究提供了关键科学数据。

The latest research findings provided critical scientific data that deepen humanity's understanding of the dual nature of the moon and its evolutionary processes.

该研究结果由中核集团核工业北京地质研究院、北京大学、山东大学共同合作完成，已刊发于《自然·地球科学》。

The finding that the moon's farside mantle is "colder" than the near side was a collaborative effort by the Beijing Research Institute of Uranium Geology under the China National Nuclear Corp, Peking University, and Shandong University. The results have been published on the website of the prestigious international journal

Nature

科研团队通过对月壤玄武岩样品中典型单斜辉石、斜长石等矿物的成分分析，运用“单斜辉石单矿物温压计”“单斜辉石-熔体平衡温压计”“斜长石-熔体平衡温度计”三种不同的温压计，计算玄武岩形成的温度与压力。为确保研究结果的科学性，团队还通过岩石学模型模拟了嫦娥六号玄武岩结晶过程。以上四种独立方法得出一致结果：嫦娥六号玄武岩样品的结晶温度约为1100℃，比来自月球正面的嫦娥五号等样品低约100℃。

研究团队还通过玄武岩全岩成分重建原始岩浆化学组成，计算月幔潜能温度，发现月球背面月幔潜能温度（约1400℃）低于月球正面（约1500℃）；选取月球正面和背面的月海玄武岩区域，通过卫星遥感数据获取的表面岩石化学成分计算，表明月球背面月幔潜能温度低于正面约70℃，与样品分析结论相近，这进一步增强了研究成果的可信度。

Their findings revealed that the crystallization temperature of the Chang'e 6 basalt samples is approximately 1,100 C, about 100 C lower than those samples from the near side, such as those from Chang'e 5. This study provides rock-based and geochemical evidence for the temperature differences between the mantles of the moon's near and far sides.

来源：环球时报 科技日报 参考消息

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