三维多级多孔碳材料，用于锌离子混合电容器

1成果简介

分级多孔碳在锌离子混合电容器（ZIHC）的阴极材料中展现出巨大潜力。本文，东北林业大学吴小亮 教授 团队在《ADVANCED SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS》期刊发表名为“Double Potassium Salt Self-Activation Strategy to Construct Hierarchical Porous Carbon for Zinc Ion Hybrid Capacitor”的论文，研究采用自活化策略，通过热解硬脂酸钾和聚丙烯酸钾制备了三维（3D）分级多孔碳。由于其独特的3D互联分级多孔框架结构、高比表面积及丰富的氧官能团，HPC-700电极展现出378.67 F g−1的比电容，并在10000次循环后保持98.1%的容量保持率，表现出优异的循环稳定性。

此外，HPC-700//HPC-700对称超级电容器提供了25.41 Wh kg−1的能量密度，以及优异的电化学稳定性和良好的循环性能。更值得注意的是，组装的HPC-700//ZnSO₄（aq）//Zn混合电容器展现出439.2 F g⁻¹（195.2 mAh g⁻¹）的电容和156.18 Wh kg⁻¹（99.97 W kg⁻¹）的能量密度。ZIHC在10 000次循环后仍保持96.5%的初始电容，展现出卓越的电化学性能。总体而言，该研究揭示了一种高效且简便的制备高性能ZIHC用HPC正极材料的策略。

2图文导读

图1、Schematic illustration of the synthesis of HPC samples.

图2、a, b) SEM images of HPC-700. c) TEM image of HPC-700.

图3、a) XRD patterns of HPC-600, HPC-700 and HPC-800. b) XPS survey spectrum of HPC-600 sample. High-resolution. c) C 1s and O 1s spectra of the HPC-700 sample. e) N2adsorption/desorption isotherms of HPC-600, HPC-700 and HPC-800. f) Pore size distribution curves of HPC-600, HPC-700 and HPC-800.

图4、a) CV curves of HPC samples in different voltage ranges at 50 mV s−1. b) GCD curves of HPC samples at 1 A g−1. c) GCD curves of HPC-700 at different current densities. d) Specific capacitance of HPC samples. e) Nyquist plots of HPC samples. f) Electrochemical stability of HPC-700 for 10 000 cycles tested at 200 mV s−1.

图5.a) CV curves of HPC-700//HPC-700 symmetrical supercapacitor in different voltage ranges at 50 mV s−1. b) CV curves of HPC-700//HPC-700 symmetrical supercapacitor at various scan rates. c) GCD curves of HPC-700//HPC-700 symmetrical supercapacitor at different current densities. d) Specific capacitance of HPC-700//HPC-700 symmetrical supercapacitors. e) Ragone plots of HPC-700//HPC-700 symmetrical supercapacitor. f) Electrochemical stability of the HPC-700//HPC-700 symmetrical supercapacitor for 10 000 cycles tested at 200 mV s−1.

图6、The electrochemical properties of ZIHCs based on HPC cathode: a) CV curves of the Zn//ZnSO4//HPC-700 hybrid capacitor at various scan rates. b) GCD curves of the Zn//ZnSO4//HPC-700 hybrid capacitor at various current densities. c) Cyclic performance of specific capacitance at various current densities. d) GCD curves of the Zn//ZnSO4//HPC-700 hybrid capacitor at 0.25 A g−1. e) Ragone plots of Zn//ZnSO4//HPC-700 hybrid capacitor. f) Electrochemical stability of the Zn//ZnSO4// HPC-700 hybrid capacitor for 10000 cycles.

图7、a) The b-value obtained from the linear relationship between log(i)and log(v). b) The percentage of capacitive contributions at different scan rates of Zn//ZnSO4//HPC-700 hybrid capacitor.

3小结

综上所述，我们报道了一种通过热解硬脂酸钾和聚丙烯酸钾制备三维分级多孔碳的自激活策略。得益于其独特的3D互联分级多孔结构、高比表面积和丰富的氧官能团，HPC-700样品展现出378.67 F g−1的比电容和优异的循环稳定性。此外，HPC-700//HPC-700对称超级电容器展现出25.41 Wh kg−1的能量密度和令人满意的循环性能。值得注意的是，组装的HPC-700//ZnSO₄（aq）//Zn混合电容器实现了439.2 F g⁻¹（195.2 mAh g⁻¹）的电容和156.18 Wh kg⁻¹（99.97 W kg⁻¹）的能量密度（表2）。

文献：

https://doi.org/10.1002/adsu.202500247

来源：材料分析与应用