这么多孔，我吸管到底该怎么插？求助沉默寡言的设计师们

当你拿到饮品，准备插入吸管开始一享美味的时候，面对着盖子上的一二三个口，突然有种拔剑四顾心茫然的感觉——到底该插哪个啊？！

图源： 小红书

如果你像下面这个朋友一样有力气和手段，也不是不可以。

图源：小红书@独独独自行走江湖SEVEN

或者像这样气急败坏然后大力出奇迹，也很OK。

图源：小红书@失智不愚

其实，从孔的大小，就能基本看出它们的用途：圆形大孔，是用来插粗吸管的；靠近杯子边缘、突出于杯盖表面的扁圆孔，是用来直接对嘴喝的。

圆形大孔插粗吸管，扁孔直饮。图源：阿肚拍摄

至于细吸管，插在这两种孔里都能喝到！

Consumers are perplexed by the multitude of holes and designs clustered on the beverage cup lid. lid：盖子 In fact, the size of the holes gives a clear indication of their purpose: the larger, round holes are designed for inserting thick straws, while the smaller, flat round holes near the edge of the lid are meant for drinking directly from the cup. As for the thin straws, simply insert them into both holes and enjoy your drink!

细吸管插哪个孔都可以。图源：阿肚拍摄

杯盖这么多孔都是干啥的

为什么一个盖子上要弄好几个孔呢？

背后的原因很简单——商家为了节省成本。

如果给每种饮品“量身定制”适合其饮用吸管的杯盖，那么不同饮料杯盖都需要单独制作生产它的模具，成本就高了。因此，对于商家来说，最理想的杯盖就是，一个盖能满足所有饮料的需求。

The reason behind the complex design of cup lid holes is simple: businesses aim to cut costs. If the holes were tailored to suit different types of drinks, it would require producing several different lids, each with its own mold, which would be expensive. Therefore, the ideal cup lid for businesses is one that can meet the needs of all beverages. tailor v. 使适应

目前市面上见最多的盖子大概就是这款了。图源：阿肚拍摄

当然，杯盖还有一些带功能性的设计。

麦当劳盖子上的 AB标记。图源：小红书@發發發發發

例如麦当劳杯盖上带字母的“小坑”，是为了方便店员在出餐时标记饮料用的：比如A是奶茶，B是热巧克力，把杯盖上相应的字母按下去，那么即便杯盖不透明，店员也知道要制作的和传递的是哪种饮料了——不是像古装剧里的九曲鸳鸯壶，A按下去是有毒，B按下去是没毒哈。

The clever truth is that staff use these indentations to communicate what drink they've put in which cup. Look even closer; you'll notice that each button has a label. Servers just press the corresponding type (like diet versus cola or decaf versus regular) to avoid miscommunications. indentation /ˌɪndenˈteɪʃn/：凹陷 corresponding/ˌkɒrəˈspɒndɪŋ/：相应的 diet 低热量的；低糖的 decaf /ˈdiːkæf/：低咖啡因

杯盖上的气孔。图源：阿肚拍摄

另外，大部分杯盖还需要有一个额外的气孔，它最重要的功能是使热饮杯保持内外气压相同，避免产生负压真空，也可以防洒漏。有时候麻辣烫等热乎乎的外卖，商家也会在覆膜包装上戳一个孔，是同样的原因。

The tiny hole allows air to enter the container as the liquid leaves it. This constant flow of air into the container allows the liquid to flow smoothly without bubbling or splashing.

杯盖设计发展简史

以前，大家都是坐在店里用敞口的马克杯喝咖啡，喝完再走，咖啡外带文化是几十年前才形成的。

1964年，7-11是第一个采用一次性咖啡外带杯的便利店。很快，人们还希望能一边走一边喝，所以第一个能让人随时喝咖啡的杯盖诞生了：在盖严实的基础上，杯边有一个能撕开的小口，顶部有个气孔。

In 1964, 7-Elevens on Long Island became the first chain stores to offer to-go traveler cups. From there, commuter coffee culture proliferated as chain convenience stores across the country began to carry twenty-ounce behemoth to-go cups. A 1989 New York Times article referred to this specific travel mug as a "plastic, slosh-proof wonder" for late-twentieth century commuters. to-go：外带的 proliferate /prəˈlɪfəreɪt/：迅速繁殖；猛增 behemoth /bɪˈhiːməθ/：巨大的 commuter /kəˈmjuːtə(r)/：通勤者

图源：《Coffee Lids: Peel, Pinch, Pucker, Puncture》

到了20世纪70年代，美式咖啡的消费量变少了，消费者开始热衷于购买拿铁、卡布奇诺等有厚厚奶泡的饮料。所以，对杯盖的需求就不只是能盖严，还得给顶部留出容纳奶泡的空间。

The '80s, however, saw a second renaissance of disposable coffee cups, despite the fact that Americans were actually starting to buy less regular coffee. Instead, they were drinking cappuccinos, lattes, cafe mochas — specialty coffees that often included a frothy crown. To maintain that signature topping, to-go cups now had to come with domed lids that not only kept drinks hot, but also left headroom for the foam. frothy /ˈfrɔːθi/：多泡的 domed /dəʊmd/：有圆顶的 foam /foʊm/：泡沫

于是星巴克专门为这个需求生产了对应的杯盖，并且申请了9个专利。除了突起的杯盖，在喝饮料孔的上方还有个凹槽，为了给嘴唇嘬的空间。

直饮口及上方的凹槽。图源：阿肚拍摄

因外卖兴起的新杯盖

外卖饮料近几年才开始大规模流行，所以对外带杯也有了新的要求。

在外卖车上一路颠簸，不仅要防漏耐挤，还要方便喝珍珠奶茶等加各种小料的饮品。

外卖奶茶撒漏。图源：小红书@MadLeolee

所以，首先杯盖上需要开好几个大小不同的孔；其次，每个孔要可密封。于是给每个孔分开设计盖子、从两边设计盖子和一个长盖子盖住所有孔的做法都有。

The latest cup lids not only need to be durable and leak-proof but also need to cater to the convenience of drinking beverages like bubble tea with small ingredients. To meet this requirement, the lids must have multiple holes of varying sizes that can be sealed and withstand the bumps and jostles of takeaway orders. Some designs include individual seals for each hole, dual-sided lids, or a single long lid covering all the holes.

目前市面上见最多的盖子大概就是这款了。图源：阿肚拍摄

图源：阿肚拍摄

参考了一圈网上的办法及店员的建议，发现相对来说最好的解决办法是：

1. 掀开盖子，插入粗吸管后把盖子折断。

2. 把折断的盖子反过来，扣住扁口。

3.再把扁口和对应的那个凸起，扣在一起。

此外，热饮由于本身饮品温度高，在高温中会产生水蒸气，饮品容易从透气孔中撒漏，同时由于杯盖表面和外部空气接触，如果饮品外撒到盖面和外部空气接触易造成污染，此时如果外撒液体顺着透气孔回流到杯内，将会对杯内饮品造成二次污染，影响饮品的食品安全。因此，现在还有兼具透气和防回流功能的杯盖设计，就是把透气口设计成防反流的，既能透气，又能防止二次污染。

Hot drinks can create water vapor, potentially causing leakage through the ventilation holes on the lid. To prevent secondary contamination, modern cup lids are designed to be breathable and prevent backflow, ensuring the safety of the beverage. contamination /kənˌtæmɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n/：污染

防回流透气封杯盖组件。图源：国知局

不过，不管是怎样的设计，返璞归真，都是为了满足“安全外送”的需求而做的。也就是说，你想怎么喝都行，把排气孔掀开插吸管也完全没问题。

编辑：弓玥琪 左卓

实习生：田曼吟

来源：吃货研究所 青年文摘 TastingTable Wonderopolis Life&thyme Bonappetit