双语 | 今日小雪

中国传统二十四节气的第20个节气是小雪，今年的小雪从11月22日开始。小雪指的是开始下雪（多半是在北方）的时节，在这期间气温会继续下降。

一起来了解一下关于小雪的7个小常识。

小雪

古籍《群芳谱》有云：“小雪气寒而将雪矣，地寒未甚而雪未大也。”北方大部分地区气温会降到零度以下。与此同时，黄河中下游地区将会在小雪节气前后降下初雪。雪下得不大，夜里冻住的积雪一到白天就迅速融化。
An ancient Chinese book about plants explains that "in Minor Snow, the weather is cold and it is going to snow, while the earth is not frozen enough and the snow is light." The temperature in most areas in the north drops to zero degrees and below. Meanwhile, in the lower and middle reaches of the Yellow River, the average time of the first snow falls during the Minor Snow solar term. The snow is light and frozen at night, but melts quickly during the day.

戴上帽子和围巾

从小雪节气开始，东北风刮的多了，但这时还不是特别冷，很多人都还没戴帽子或围巾。事实上，中国古语有云，人体的各条经络都汇聚于头部。因此做好头部保暖很明智。
In China, starting in Minor Snow, the wind blows from the northeast a lot. Because it's still not bitterly cold, many people do not wear hats or scarves yet. In fact, according to an old Chinese saying, "the head is the place where all passages of the body gather". It's sensible to keep one's head warm.

喝汤

小雪时节室内开着暖气，这意味着室内空气干燥，大多数人可能都会觉得口鼻有点干。传统中医认为，内热积聚易引发口腔溃疡和长痘等毛病。解决办法是多喝热汤，比如白菜豆腐汤、菠菜豆腐汤、羊肉萝卜汤等。
During Minor Snow, indoor heating begins to work, which means the air indoors is dry and most people might find their nose and mouth feels a bit dry. According to practices in traditional Chinese medicine, this accumulation of "inner heat" in one's body can cause problems, including oral ulcers and breakouts. The solution is to drink more hot soup, such as cabbage and bean curd soup, spinach and bean curd soup, and mutton and radish soup.

吃年糕

在南方的一些地区，人们会在小雪前后吃年糕。年糕在古代是用来祭牛神的传统节日供品。
In some areas of South China, people have glutinous rice cakes around Minor Snow. In ancient times, glutinous rice cakes were a traditional festival offering to the bull god.

制作腌肉

小雪节气后，气温骤降，空气干燥。这是开始制作过年吃的腌肉的最好时机。过去储存条件差，人们研究出了很多保存食物的方法，腌肉就是其中之一。这样即使是在严冬，一家人也可以享用肉食。有些人甚至认为，腌肉比鲜肉更为美味。
After Minor Snow, the temperature declines sharply and the air becomes dry. It is the best time to start making preserved pork, which by the Chinese Spring Festival would be ready to enjoy. In the past, when storage conditions were poor, people developed many ways to store food and preserved pork is one such example. So even in the bitter winter, the whole family could enjoy meat. Some even say preserved pork tastes more delicious than fresh meat.

制作腌菜

数千年来，南京人用各式腌菜迎接小雪节气的到来。
For thousands of years, the people of Nanjing, Jiangsu province, have welcomed Minor Snow with pickled vegetables made in different ways.

南京以腌菜闻名。过去，由于交通不便，南京卖的蔬菜品种少价格高，于是南京人冬天就制作腌菜。
Nanjing is known for its pickled vegetables. In the past, due to inconvenient transportation, vegetables sold in Nanjing were few and expensive. Thus people there made pickled vegetables for the winter.

少吃辣食

天冷的时候，人们可能会想吃一些热乎乎的辛辣食物，让身子暖和起来。专家认为，最好不要吃太辣的食物，因为这会增加内热。
On cold days, people may crave some hot and spicy food to keep warm. Experts say it's wise not to eat overly spicy food, since that will increase your inner heat.

冬腊风腌，蓄以御冬

宋代诗人黄庭坚曾在诗中，这样饶有趣味地描写小雪初晴时的民间美食风向标——“润到竹根肥腊笋，暖开蔬甲助春盘”。

While depicting Xiaoxue, or Minor Snow, the Song Dynasty (960-1279) poet Huang Tingjian once interestingly described the period's seasonal culinary scenery: "Snow moistens bamboo shoots for plumpness and stores warmth for better vegetable growth, enhancing their flavor."

小雪，作为中国传统二十四节气中的第二十个节气，和前十九个节气相似，依旧与中国人的餐桌息息相关。

Minor Snow, the 20th solar term in the Chinese lunar calendar, remains closely tied to Chinese people's dining tables like the first nineteen.

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在这个季节，天气越来越冷，北方大部分地区气温会降到零度以下，气候变得干燥，却也是腌制和风干的佳肴一年里最浓墨重彩的登场时刻。

During the season, as the weather turns colder, temperatures in most northern regions drop below zero, and the climate is dry. But it also becomes the perfect time for making cured and air-dried delicacies.

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从乡野村间到都市人家，“冬腊风腌，蓄以御冬”的民俗在传统中延续。从北国到南方，虽各地的制作方式不同，但都有整齐悬挂的串串香肠和丰腴美味的腊肉，也会酿造色泽清冽的小雪酒。

From rural villages to urban households, the folk tradition of "curing meat to prepare for winter" continues. From the north to the south, although production methods vary, it's common to see neatly hung sausages and delicious cured meats as well as fermenting sweet wine tailored for the season.

作为这个时节最具代表性的节令食物之一，糍粑也将再次占据南方家庭小吃清单上的“C位”。

As one of the most representative seasonal foods during this period, ciba, a traditional glutinous rice cake, once again takes the spotlight on the snack lists of southern families.

这种小吃，由糯米千锤百打制作而成，色泽洁白，口感甜腻，通常制成圆形，象征着丰收喜庆团圆之意。

Made from pounded glutinous rice and steamed to appear white in color, it is sweet and sticky in texture. Typically round in shape, the snack symbolizes the joy of harvest and reunion.

有些地区还会酿晒鲜美的鱼干，或烹饪肉香四溢的“刨汤”。

Some regions marinate dried fish or prepare delicious pork soup.

小雪前后，黄河中下游地区也会降下初雪。农谚有云：“小雪雪满天，来年必丰年”。

Around Minor Snow, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River region will also experience the first snowfall. A farming proverb says: "When minor snow fills the sky, the next year will yield a good harvest."

盈盈白雪覆盖麦田，可以冻死一些病菌和害虫，也利于有机物分解，能增强土壤肥力。

The snow, as it blankets wheat fields, can freeze certain pathogens and pests, and assist in the decomposition of organic matter, thereby enhancing soil fertility.

让我们在小雪时节，感受自然独特的馈赠，与亲朋好友们煮一壶热茶，共赏银装素裹的美景。

Let us embrace the unique gifts of nature during Minor Snow, brew a pot of hot tea with family and friends, and enjoy the beautifully silver-coated scenery.

文字来源：中国日报网英语点津 中国日报双语新闻

设计：薛利文

编辑：鲁蒙海

审核：海 新

终审：张 扬