“一黛不如一黛”？新版《红楼梦》林黛玉引争议

8月16日，由胡玫导演，林鹏、卢燕、边程、张淼怡、黄佳容领衔主演的电影《红楼梦之金玉良缘》上映。 据悉，胡玫导演在基于原著的基础上，对庞杂丰富的内容进行了重新梳理和调整，用两个小时的容量讲述了以年轻人为主的一个故事， 她表示，“这部电影的主题就是青春万岁”。

Film director Hu Mei's latest adaptation of China's classical novel "The Dream of the Red Chamber" has sparked controversy online. Hu has reorganized and adjusted the rich content from the original literary work. She tries to give a new interpretation of the story from the perspective of young people, as the theme of this movie is eternal youth.

电影《红楼梦之金玉良缘》海报

胡玫也曾在电影首映现场表示，“都说一千个人心中就有一千个哈姆雷特，同样，一千个人对《红楼梦》也有各自不同的解读，既然如此，那么这一版就让它留存在这里，即使有遗憾也没关系，我希望能抛砖引玉，未来能有更多更好的跟《红楼梦》有关的作品出现。”

"My movie is just one interpretation. There's a saying that goes, 'There are a thousand Hamlets in a thousand people's eyes.' Similarly, a thousand people have their own interpretations of 'The Dream of the Red Mansions.' Given this, even if there are regrets in my version, it doesn't matter. I hope to spark further interest for more works related to the novel."

图源：新京报

图源：文汇报

然而，自8月16日全国上映以来，电影《红楼梦之金玉良缘》在网络上遭遇了选角不合适、演技欠缺、剧情改编不合理等全方位的“讨伐”。许多网友认为，林黛玉的扮演者张淼怡未能准确捕捉到林黛玉的精髓和气质，甚至有人将这一新版与之前的经典版本进行对比，用“一黛不如一黛”来形容这一新版林黛玉的失败。同时，也有观众对影片的服装、场景设计等方面提出了质疑和批评。

The new movie adaptation has sparked online discussions and controversies about its plot and casting. Many netizens contend that Zhang Miaoyi's portrayal failed to authentically capture the essence and temperament of Lin Daiyu. Some viewers have also levied sharp criticisms at the film's costumes and scene design.

图源：微博

图源：微博‍‍

图源：小红书‍‍

图源：小红书

图源：抖音

此外，在影片的路演过程中，张淼怡曾称林黛玉为“特立独行、离经叛道”的人物，这一言论进一步加剧了争议。有网友认为这是对林黛玉形象的误读和扭曲，因为原著中的林黛玉虽然性格独特，但并不符合“离经叛道”的描述。这一言论也引发了观众对演员是否真正理解角色、是否尊重原著的质疑。

图源：小红书‍‍

面对外界的质疑和批评，导演胡玫在其官方微博上发表长文回应争议。胡玫表示，《红楼梦之金玉良缘》是她投入心血最多的一部作品，她欢迎并感谢所有真诚的意见，但对于那些使用AI虚拟数据群发1分点评的行为表示强烈不满，并透露已委托律师保存证据，准备采取法律行动。

导演胡玫在其官方微博上发表长文回应争议。图源：微博

胡玫曾表示，在选拔小演员时，他们大多数都没读过《红楼梦》，甚至没看过87版电视剧。她的创作初衷是想在有生之年把《红楼梦》搬上银幕，让它在诞生200多年后再次成为一个社会热点，只要有人关注，就会有人再次拿起这本书。

"My original aspiration for making this movie was to bring this story back into current hot topics and regenerate attention," Hu said.

尽管饱受争议，但是《红楼梦之金玉良缘》电影确实成功让《红楼梦》这本经典名著成为了今年暑期的一大讨论热点。

《红楼梦》是清朝作家曹雪芹在18世纪创作的一部长篇小说，讲述了贾史王薛四大家族的兴衰历程。小说还重点着笔于封建社会各阶层女性的命运刻画。

The Dream of the Red Mansions, written by Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) author Cao Xueqin in the 18th century, is a full-length novel recounting the ups and downs of four noble families which are highly interdependent upon each other. The work pays special attention to the destinies of a large number of female characters — rich and poor, noble and humble — in a feudal society.

《红楼梦》插画。图源：视觉中国

《红楼梦》在诗歌、美术、戏剧、建筑、园林、国画、音乐等各个领域都有着深刻的社会意义和极高的美学价值，是一部囊括中国传统文化方方面面的百科全书。作为中国古典四大名著之一，《红楼梦》被认为是中国文学的史诗性著作。由于《红楼梦》出色的艺术成就，学术界产生了以其为研究对象的专门学问——红学。

The work has a profound social significance and high aesthetic value in a variety of fields such as poetry, art, drama, architecture, landscape design, Chinese painting and music, among others. It is an encyclopedia that contains samples of virtually every aspect of China's traditional cultures. The novel is considered a masterpiece of Chinese literature and is one of China's four great classical novels. It even spawned a field of study called Redology.

自问世以来，《红楼梦》已被改编成十多部电视剧。其中，1987年首播的央视版《红楼梦》成为了中国电视剧史上的经典之作，影响了一代又一代的观众。剧组在故事情节、配乐创作、场景布置等方面都下足了功夫，创造了“中国电视史上的绝妙篇章” 和“不可逾越的经典”。

Over ten television adaptations have been made of the book, including the classic 1987 series which premiered on China Central Television (CCTV). This much-loved version is considered to be the most highly acknowledged television adaptation and has been the most influential. The story-line, music, and plot adaptation have all helped the show enjoy great success within the realms of Chinese dramas.

87版电视剧《红楼梦》剧照

《红楼梦》打动我们的，除了故事内外的悲欢离合，还有那一首首经典的诗词曲赋，总能勾起无数红楼梦中人的回忆和感动。

双语君今天整理了《红楼梦》中的部分诗词，与大家共享。英文译本分别参考了杨宪益、戴乃迭夫妇的版本和英国汉学家大卫·霍克斯（David Hawkes）的版本。

【红楼梦 引子】

Prologue to The Dream of Red Mansions

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

开辟鸿蒙，谁为情种？

都只为风月情浓。

At the dawn of creation

Who sowed the seeds of love?

From the strong passion of breeze and moonlight they came.

趁着这奈何天、伤怀日、寂寥时，试遣愚衷。

因此上演出这怀金悼玉的《红楼梦》。

So in this world of sweet longing

On a day of distress, in an hour of loneliness,

Fain would I impart my senseless grief

By singing this Dream of Red Mansions

To mourn the Gold and the Jade.

【枉凝眉】

Vain Longing

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

一个是阆苑仙葩，一个是美玉无暇。

One is an immortal flower of fairyland,

The other fair flawless jade,

若说没奇缘，今生偏又遇着他；

And were it not predestined

Why should they meet again in this existence?

若说有奇缘，如何心事终虚化？

Yet, if predestined,

Why does their love come to nothing?

一个枉自嗟呀，一个空劳牵挂。

One sighs to no purpose,

The other yearns in vain;

一个是水中月，一个是镜中花。

One is the moon reflected in the water,

The other but a flower in the mirror.

想眼中能有多少泪珠儿，

How many tears can well from her eyes?

怎经得秋流到冬尽，春流到夏！

Can they flow on from autumn till winter,

From spring till summer?

【作者题绝】

霍克斯 译

满纸荒唐言，一把辛酸泪！

Pages full of idle words

Penned with hot and bitter tears:

都云作者痴，谁解其中味？

All men call the author fool;

None his secret message hears.

【太虚幻境楹联】

Illusory Land of Great Void

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

假作真时真亦假，无为有处有还无。

When false is taken for true, true becomes false;

If non-being turns into being, being becomes non-being.

【葬花吟】

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

花谢花飞飞满天，红消香断有谁怜？

As blossoms fade and fly across the sky,

Who pities the faded red, the scent that has been?

游丝软系飘春榭，落絮轻沾扑绣帘。

Softly the gossamer floats over spring pavilions,

Gently the willow fluff wafts to the embroidered screen.

闺中女儿惜春暮，愁绪满怀无释处，

A girl in her chamber mourns the passing of spring,

No relief from anxiety her poor heart knows;

手把花锄出绣闺，忍踏落花来复去。

Hoe in hand she steps through her portal,

Loath to tread on the blossom as she comes and goes.

柳丝榆荚自芳菲，不管桃飘与李飞。

Willows and elms, fresh and verdant,

Care not if peach and plum blossom drift away;

桃李明年能再发，明年闺中知有谁？

Next year the peach and plum will bloom again,

But her chamber may stand empty on that day.

三月香巢已垒成，梁间燕子太无情。

By the third month the scented nests are built,

But the swallows on the beam are heartless all;

明年花发虽可啄，却不道人去梁空巢也倾！

Next year, though once again you may peck the buds,

From the beam of an empty room your nest will fall.

一年三百六十日，风刀霜剑严相逼。

Each year for three hundred and sixty days

The cutting wind and biting frost contend.

明媚鲜妍能几时，一朝飘泊难寻觅。

How long can beauty flower fresh and fair?

In a single day wind can whirl it to its end.

花开易见落难寻，阶前闷杀葬花人。

Fallen, the brightest blooms are hard to find;

With aching heart their grave-digger comes now.

独倚花锄泪暗洒，洒上空枝见血痕。

Alone, her hoe in hand, her secret tears

Falling like drops of blood on each bare bough.

杜鹃无语正黄昏，荷锄归去掩重门。

Dusk falls and the cuckoo is silent;

Her hoe brought back, the lodge is locked and still;

青灯照壁人初睡，冷雨敲窗被未温。

A green lamp lights the wall as steep enfolds her,

Cold rain pelts the casement and her quilt is chill.

怪奴底事倍伤神，半为怜春半恼春：

What causes my two-fold anguish?

Love for spring and resentment of spring;

怜春忽至恼忽去，至又无言去不闻。

For suddenly it comes and suddenly goes,

Its arrival unheralded, noiseless its departing.

昨宵庭外悲歌发，知是花魂与鸟魂？

Last night from the courtyard floated a sad song –

Was it the soul of blossom, the soul of birds?

花魂鸟魂总难留，鸟自无言花自羞。

Hard to detain, the soul of blossom or birds,

For blossoms have no assurance, birds no words.

愿奴胁下生双翼，随花飞到天尽头。

I long to take wing and fly

With the flowers to earth's uttermost bound;

天尽头，何处有香丘？

And yet at earth's uttermost bound

Where can a fragrant burial mound be found?

未若锦囊收艳骨，一抔净土掩风流。

Better shroud the fair petals in silk

With clean earth for their outer attire;

质本洁来还洁去，强于污淖陷渠沟。

For pure you came and pure shall go,

Not sinking into some foul ditch or mire.

尔今死去侬收葬，未卜侬身何日丧？

Now you are dead I come to bury you;

None has divined the day when I shall die;

侬今葬花人笑痴，他年葬侬知是谁？

Men laugh at my folly in burying fallen flowers,

But who will bury me when dead I lie?

试看春残花渐落，便是红颜老死时。

See, when spring draws to a close and flowers fall,

This is the season when beauty must ebb and fade;

一朝春尽红颜老，花落人亡两不知。

The day that spring takes wing and beauty fades

Who will care for the fallen blossom or dead maid?

【黛玉容貌】

霍克斯 译

两弯似蹙非蹙罥烟眉，

一双似喜非喜含情目。

Her mist-wreathed brows at first seemed to frown, yet were not frowning;

Her passionate eyes at first seemed to smile, yet were not merry.

态生两靥之愁，娇袭一身之病。

Habit had given a melancholy cast to her tender face;

Nature had bestowed a sickly constitution on her delicate frame.

泪光点点，娇喘微微。

Often the eyes swam with glistening tears;

Often the breath came in gentle gasps.

闲静时如姣花照水，

行动处似弱柳扶风。

In stillness she made one think of a graceful flower reflected in the water;

In motion she called to mind tender willow shoots caressed by the wind.

心较比干多一窍，

病如西子胜三分。

She had more chambers in her heart than the martyred Bi Gan;

And suffered a tithe more pain in it than the beautiful Xi Shi.

【宝黛初见】

杨宪益 戴乃迭 译

黛玉一见，便吃一大惊，心下想道：“好生奇怪！倒像在那里见过的一般，何等眼熟到如此！”

His appearance took Daiyu by surprise. “How very strange!” she thought. “It’s as if I’d seen him somewhere before. He looks so familiar.”

宝玉看罢，因笑道：“这个妹妹我曾见过的。”

“I’ve met this cousin before,” he declared at the end of his scrutiny.

贾母笑道：“可又是胡说！你又何曾见过她？”

“You’re talking nonsense again,” said his grandmother, laughing.“How could you possibly have met her?”

宝玉笑道：“虽然未曾见过她，然我看着面善，心里就算是旧相识，今日只作远别重逢，未为不可。”

“Well, even if I haven’t, her face looks familiar. I feel we’re old friends meeting again after a long separation.”

编辑：弓玥琪

实习生：杨雅琳

来源：人民日报 中国日报 澎湃新闻 中国网 国际在线 外研社等