【澳洲房产科普】澳洲的房产类型都有哪些？

很多朋友在刚刚踏上澳洲这片热土时，对澳洲的住宅房产类型会分不清楚。House? Terrace? Duplex? 今天我们一起科普一下澳洲的房产类型，相信不管是买房还是租房都会对您有所帮助。

公寓
Apartment

Apartment一般是指比较高档的公寓，一般配有泳池、健身房以及安保系统等，会有物业公司管理。澳洲规定3层楼以上的Apartment要安装电梯，一个Apartment一般是四层到几十层不等，每层有一户或多户。通常来讲，Apartment的安全性是最好的，因为Apartment的门都有防盗设施，需要刷卡才能进。Apartment已经越来越成为租客的喜爱类型，因为物业管理安全又舒心，且位于交通和购物便利的地方。租金较高，没有任何土地税，因此这也是投资者选择它的重要原因。

Apartments normally have swimming pool, gym and complete security system. And it has its own strata management company. Australia stipulates that the elevator should be installed in apartments above 3 levels, so it usually ranges from four levels to dozens of levels, and there are one or more apartments on each level. Generally speaking, apartments have sound security, due to their anti-theft facilities, and equip with access cards. Apartments are more popular with renters because they are safe and have good property management, and they have good locations for shopping and transportation. Meanwhile, the rent is higher, and there is no land tax, so investors tend to choose them as well.

单元房
Unit

Unit可以说是Apartment的低配版，住户共享前后院和公共基础设施。房子多数为2层或者3层，老式的Unit都是没有电梯的，也没有门禁系统。低配也有好处，因为它物业费相对Apartment低，所以比较好出租。

Unit is a downgraded version of the apartment, which means people share yard and public facilities. Most of the units are of two or three levels. The old units normally have no elevators or security system. Compared to apartments, its strata fees are lower. So the overall costs are lower than apartments, so it could be easy to find a renter.

酒店式公寓
Studio

Studio指没有内墙隔断的开敞式的公寓或者单元房，一般厨房和客厅还有卧室是一体的，还有一个独立的卫生间。Studio总体来说会很小。但是它的开敞式户型，很受学生和单身人士的欢迎。

Studio refers to a unit or an apartment that has open plain floor with no interior wall partition. Its kitchen, living room and bedroom are an entirety, plus an independent bathroom. Studio is small. Its open space is very popular among students and individuals.

别墅
House

House就是我们常说的别墅，是澳洲最常见的户型。典型指一个院子、一栋房、一户人家。House一般是一层或者两层的，房间很多面积很大且自带院子。House是Torrens Title类别的。每个House都是独立建造的，房主拥有土地使用权，可以根据个人喜好而改造。最重要的一点是House有独立产权，澳洲除了堪培拉是99年产权外，大部分House是永久产权，是可以传给子孙后代的增值品，因此也更加受到投资者的青睐。

House is the most common property type in Australia. It presents a yard, a single building and a household. House is usually one or two floors, a large area with many rooms and its own yard. House belongs to torrens title. Each House is built independently and homeowners have land use rights, therefore they can rebuild their houses to pursue unique and various styles according to their personal preferences. The most important is that a house has independent property rights. That means owners can possess permanently (except that ACT has 99 years of property rights) so that they can leave to the next generations. Therefore, it is favored by investors.

联体别墅
Duplex

Duplex叫做联体别墅。Duplex可以像House是Torrens Title也可以像Townhouse是Strata Title类别。Duplex就像将是把一个House一分为二，变成两座房子，所以它们一般是对称的。这两套房一般共用一面墙，面积大约是两百平米到五百平米不等。

Duplex can be classified as torrens title like a house, or a strata title like a townhouse. Just like splitting a house from the middle into two houses, they are usually symmetrical to each other. They normally share a wall, and the area is ranging from about 200 square meters to 500 square meters.

联排别墅
Townhouse

Townhouse是指若干个多层别墅连在一起，并且一般相邻的别墅共用一面墙，所以叫联排别墅。Townhouse是Strata Title类别的。这也限制了面积不会像House一样很大，屋主也不拥有土地。它最大的特点就是一楼是客厅、厨房和卫生间等，而二楼一般是卧室。还有就是联排别墅的设计一般是较单一的，虽然不像House可以根据自己喜好设计房屋，但是胜在价格低。

Townhouses refer to multi-level houses connected to each other by a common wall. Townhouse belongs to strata title. Property size is limited, and owners do not own the land. Its typical feature is that the first floor is generally the living room, kitchen and bathroom, while the second floor is bedrooms. Besides, its design could be monotonous, and owners cannot reconstruct it, but it has a great advantage in price.

单层联排别墅
Villa

Villa相当于单层的Townhouse，每块地上有多套的住宅，可能会共享同一面墙。旁边就是邻居，共用着一个公共区域和其他设施。

Villa refers to single-level townhouse, with multiple properties on the land, and two properties could share the same wall. Which means neighbors are next to you and people could share one public area and other public facilities.

单层联体别墅
Semihouse

Semihouse其实就是单层的Duplex。也就是说，把两个单层的独立屋连接在一起，共用一面墙。同样地，Semihouse也是独立产权。

Semihouse is actually a single-layer Duplex. In other words, two separate one-floor rooms are connected and share a wall, and semihouse also has independent property rights.

祖母房
Granny Flat

Granny Flat叫祖母房，是在House的空地上再盖的房屋。房子不是很大，既可以给年迈的父母住，方便照顾他们，同时也可以用来招待朋友们。近年来Granny Flat如雨后春笋般涌现，为了扩大居住空间，或是想增加租金收入，它被认为是一种低成本高回报的方式。不过需要投资者注意的是，在贷款的时候，因为和House属于一个Title，祖母房是不能单独贷款的。

Granny Flat is a secondary dwelling attached to a main house on the same land, so its area is not big. It can be used for elder parents, or simply as an area to entertain friends. Recently, granny flats are emerging, because people want to increase their living area or earn extra rental income, which is considered a low-cost and high-return investment. However, investors need to know that when applying for home loans, granny flat can not be treated separately, as it belongs to one title as the main house.

排屋
Terrace

Terrace称作排屋，就是连成一排的多层房子，和Townhouse很像。一般在老街区才能看到这种澳洲特有的维多利亚式建筑，房龄有几十年或者更久。Terrace大部分划为保护建筑，由于靠近市区，有浓厚的历史气息，所以颇受喜爱而且价格不菲。很多在澳洲的排屋并不带车位，这点是需要投资客注意的。

Terrace is a row of multi-level rooms, and is similar to a townhouse. Generally we can only see these unique Victorian buildings in some old urban areas in Australia, and they could be built even one hundred years ago. Nowadays, most terraces are classified as heritage buildings. They are close to downtown with intense historic customs, so they are very popular among locals, and pricy at the same time. Most terraces don't have any car spots, which could be a downside for investors.