半导体中的缺陷和掺杂、托卡马克研究、稀释制冷机、超构表面、星系宇宙学 | 本周物理讲座

1Understanding Defect and Doping Physics in Semiconductors: from Equilibrium to Extreme Nonequilibrium

报告人：黄兵，北京计算科学研究中心

时间：5月19日(周三) 10:30

单位：中科院物理所

地点：中国科学院物理研究所 M255会议室

摘要：

It is known that defects or dopants can fundamentally determine the overall electronic structures of semiconductors. Here I will give an introduction on our recent works in this field: under equilibrium conditions, we have developed a unified theory to understand the strain-dependent defect solution, defect levels, and Fermi energy pinning effects, and we also show that new spin-orbital coupling effects may be hidden in the harmful deep-level defects; under nonequilibrium conditions, we have developed theories to understand the formation of complex defects in the surface or interface of semiconductors, and we have developed a unified formula to understand the plasmonic excitation and proposed a new transport model to realize ideal charge transport in semiconductor superlattices; under extreme-nonequilibrium conditions, we are developing methods to understand the time-dependent defect formation and evolution in semiconductors and their effects on the fundamental electronic structures of semiconductors.

报告人简介：

B. Huang obtained his B.S. in Physics College, Jilin Univ. in 2005 and Ph.D. in Physics Depart. Tsinghua Univ. in 2010, respectively. During 2010-2015, he worked at National Renewable Energy Lab., Oak Ridge National Lab. and Univ. Utah as Postdoc or Research Assistant. He joined Beijing Computational Research Center in Sept. 2015 as an assistant professor and promoted to (tenured) associate professor in 2020. He holds a joint faculty position in Depart. Of Physics, Beijing Normal University. His research focuses on computational semiconductor physics and defect physics in semiconductors.

2Integrated quantum optics with nonlinear devices

报告人：Dr. Kai-Hong Luo，Integrated Quantum Optics, Paderborn University, Germany

时间：5月20日（周四）15:00

单位：中科院物理所

参会方式：腾讯会议

会议ID：872 612 515

会议密码：0520

会议链接：https://meeting.tencent.com/l/VplR3fzjN85t

摘要：

Photonic quantum systems, which comprise multiple optical modes as well as highly non-classical and sophisticated quantum states of light, have been investigated intensively in various theoretical proposals over the last decades. The ideas cover a large range of different applications in quantum technology, spanning from quantum communication and quantum metrology to quantum simulations and computing. However, the experimental implementations require advanced setups of high complexity, which pose a considerable challenge. The successful realization of controlled quantum network structures is crucial for the future advancement of the field.

Here we present three different areas where current limitations must be overcome for practical quantum implementation: technology, devices and networks. First, in a technology breakthrough, we have achieved counter-propagating phase matching; single photon pairs have been generated around 1.5 μm in a periodically poled nonlinear waveguide with short poling periods of 1.7 μm. Secondly, nonlinear integrated quantum devices with multiple channels have been fabricated that enable the combination of different functionalities, such as sources and fast electro-optic modulation, in a single compact monolithic structure. Thirdly, quantum interferometry based on metasurface nanoarchitecture as a versatile tool for the implementation of hybrid quantum sensors has been demonstrated with miniaturized control of the wave-front and propagation properties.

报告人简介：

Dr. Kai-Hong Luo obtained her Ph.D. from the Institute of Physics, CAS in 2011 under the supervision of Prof. Ling-An Wu and Prof. Panming Fu. After graduation, she joined the integrated quantum optics group headed by Prof. Christine Silberhorn at Paderborn University in Germany. Her main research focuses on understanding the behavior of photons along integrated nonlinear quantum circuits, and its applications in integrated quantum imaging, sensing, metrology and spectroscopy.

3托卡马克物理基础和ITER科学研究概述

报告人：万宝年 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院

时间：5月19日（周三）14:00

单位：北京大学物理学院

地点：北京大学物理学院思源多功能厅（西301）

摘要：

聚变能安全、清洁、资源丰富，是人类追求的理想能源。磁约束是实现可控聚变的主要途径之一，上世纪90年代实现磁约束聚变的科学可行性在托卡马克上得到验证，60多年研究积累的科学技术基础催生了国际热核聚变实验堆（ITER）的建设。ITER将是人类首次在电站功率水平上演示托卡马克作为聚变能源堆的科学技术可行性，既充满了新的挑战，也为新的科学技术突破带来了新的机遇。报告将从磁约束聚变能的角度简要介绍托卡马克研究已建立起来的物理基础、ITER面临的科学挑战和ITER将要开展的科学研究。

报告人简介：

万宝年，中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院研究员、等离子体物理研究所首席科学家，国际托卡马克物理活动（ITPA）协调委员会中国联系人。曾先后担任中国科学院等离子体物理研究所副所长、所长，中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院副院长。长期从事磁约束等离子体物理诊断和实验研究，主持我国超导托卡马克HT-7和EAST磁约束聚变实验装置运行和物理实验，带领团队对高效射频波加热/电流驱动、高约束维持、稳定性和边界等制约高约束稳态运行的科学技术问题开展了系统性的研究，率先在我国超导托卡马克EAST实验装置上发展了稳定的高约束等离子体稳态运行模式，并在EAST上多次创造高约束模式运行时间的世界纪录。发表论文400余篇，获中科院杰出科技成就奖、国家科技创新团队和科技进步一等奖等。

4稀释制冷机的操作和使用经验交流

报告人：林熙，北京大学量子材料科学中心

时间：5月19日(周三) 10:00

单位：Oxford Instruments Nanoscience牛津仪器纳米科学部

参会方式：蔻享直播

会议链接：https://www.koushare.com/lives/room/475632

摘要：

本报告将简单介绍稀释制冷机的科研用途、基本原理和操作。具体的内容还将包括稀释制冷原理、湿式制冷机和干式制冷机各自的特点和优势、湿式制冷机和干式制冷机的降温流程，以及与稀释制冷机相关的维护和维修。

报告人简介：

林熙，本科毕业于中国科学技术大学，博士毕业于宾州州立大学，现为北京大学量子材料科学中心副教授，主要工作经历为极低温条件下的物性测量和实验技术研发，工作关注重点现为介观条件下的量子输运。

5Hybrid Halide Perovskites: Semiconductors with a Twist

报告人：Professor Aron Walsh, Department of Materials, Imperial College London

时间：5月19日(周三) 19:30

单位：半导体学报

参会方式：蔻享直播

会议链接：https://www.koushare.com/lives/room/301526

摘要：

Perovskites are the wonder compounds of materials science, with examples of magnets, ferroelectrics, superconductors, ion conductors, and more recently, high-efficiency solar cells. This seminar will address the physical properties that make metal halide perovskites unique. After a decade of intensive research, there has been a number of breakthroughs in understanding, but challenges and opportunities remain. To understand the success of methylammonium lead iodide photovoltaics, we have applied materials theory and simulation across multiple length scales. These organic-inorganic semiconductors satisfy the optoelectronic criteria for an active photovoltaic layer, i.e. spectral response in the visible range combined with light electron and hole effective masses. In addition, these systems are structurally and compositionally flexible with the ability to alloy on each of the lattice sites. I will discuss issues ranging from disorder associated with molecular vibrations and rotations within the inorganic network, to the role of relativistic effects, and spontaneous electric polarisation with signatures of ferroelectric and ferroelastic responses.

报告人简介：

Aron Walsh is Professor of Materials Design at Imperial College London and an Underwood Distinguished Visiting Professor at Yonsei University. He was awarded his PhD in Chemistry from Trinity College Dublin (Ireland), completed a postdoctoral position at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (USA), and held a Marie Curie fellowship at University College London (UK). He began his independent research career at the University of Bath where he held a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. His research combines technique development and applications at the interface between solid-state chemistry and physics. He was awarded the EU-40 prize from the Materials Research Society for his work on the theory of solar energy materials, as well as the 2019 Corday-Morgan Prize for his contributions to computational chemistry. He is featured in the Clarivate Highly Cited Researchers List and is Associate Editor for Journal of the American Chemical Society.

6Metasurface简介

报告人：黄奕嘉，天津大学应用物理系

时间：5月20日(周四) 10:00

单位：四川师范大学物理学院

参会方式：蔻享直播

会议链接：https://www.koushare.com/lives/room/452389

摘要：

超构表面（Metasurface）是一种新兴的亚波长人工电磁结构，其特征尺寸小于与之作用的电磁波波长。通过人工设计的结构排布方式和材料组成，超构表面可以在二维尺度上实现传统天然材料与复合材料难以实现的异常电磁响应，将人类调控电磁波的自由度提高到了一个新的层次。因此，基于超构表面的功能器件由于其高集成度、多功能化以及轻量化等特点在电磁通讯、计算全息、辐射调控和探测成像等领域相较于传统器件具有独特的优势。本报告将简要介绍该领域的研究背景、研究方向以及具有代表性的研究成果。

报告人简介：

黄奕嘉，本科毕业于天津大学应用物理系，博士毕业于中国科学院大学测试计量技术及仪器专业。在Advanced Science、Iscience、Advanced Optical Materials、ACS Photonics以及Nanoscale等期刊发表SCI论文20余篇，其中第一作者发表SCI论文9篇，被引用次数470余次（谷歌学术）。主要研究方向为亚波长电磁学与微纳光学。

7星系宇宙学

报告人：郭琦，中科院国家天文台

时间：5月20日(周四) 10:00

单位：中国科学院理论物理研究所

参会方式：蔻享直播

会议链接：https://www.koushare.com/lives/room/807009

摘要：

星系宇宙学是宇宙学一个极其重要的分支。星系在暗物质主导的势阱中形成和演化，其性质和分布与暗物质紧密相关却不尽相同。理解星系形成对推动理解以星系为载体的宇宙学研究有极其重要的意义。本系列课程/讲座旨在介绍宇宙学框架下的星系形成理论和观测进展及其在宇宙学研究中的一些应用。

更多报告信息：中国物理学会期刊网学术讲座列表

1.富氢高温超导材料

2.图像和模型——物理学的工具和对象

3.师徒反目的缘由及其教训 | 谈书说人之四

4.缪子物理实验现状及发展前景

5.MuSR技术在凝聚态物理中的应用

6.缪子成像及元素成分分析

7.薛定谔方程该写成什么样儿？丨贤说八道

8.科学史上最经典的“大力出奇迹”，莫过于用“土法制冷”挑战绝对零度

9.在质子的内部，有一片夸克海

10.每秒钟有万亿个中微子穿过你的身体，你却一无所知 | 占亮——科学讲坛