医在中国Q&A④丨中国卫生健康科创水平如何？

Over the past five years, China's healthcare system has undergone profound transformations: the average life expectancy of Chinese people has reached 79 years, basic medical insurance now covers more than 1.3 billion people, drug prices have significantly decreased, and telemedicine services have reached almost all areas at the county level.

Today, China.com.cn launches the “Healthcare in China Q&A” series, which focuses on the institutional innovations behind these changes. The series will interpret China’s practices in areas such as the hierarchical medical system, the development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and public health emergency, to offer Chinese solutions for global public health governance. 

近年来，中国在卫生健康领域的科技创新成果备受关注，从快速突破关键技术，到为疾病防治提供全球主流方案，再到推动创新药、高端医疗装备走向世界，其科创实力与国际竞争力持续攀升。中国凭借什么实现了医疗领域的科创提速？这些创新成果如何切实服务于全民疾病防治？又为全球医疗健康发展带来哪些实际价值？

From achieving key technological breakthroughs to providing mainstream solutions for global disease control, China's innovations in medicine and high-end medical equipment are having an increasing worldwide impact. This progress raises crucial questions: What is driving China's healthcare tech acceleration? How does it serve national disease prevention? And what real-world benefits does it deliver to global health?

A：中国政府不断完善和强化卫生健康科技管理体系、创新组织体系。卫生健康行业部门发挥新型举国体制和行业部门管理优势，可以兼顾科技创新的各个环节。同时，中国卫生健康领域已经形成了包括国家医学研究院所、高水平研究型大学、高水平医疗卫生机构、科技领军企业等在内的卫生科技创新体系，聚集了包括全国重点实验室、国家临床医学研究中心等系列基地平台在内的重要研发资源、力量，科技创新体系的创新能力和整体效能将进一步提升。

The Chinese government has established an efficient healthcare science and technology innovation system by integrating national medical research institutions, leading universities, hospitals, and technology enterprises. This system leverages a "whole-of-nation" approach and platforms such as national key laboratories to cover the entire innovation chain from R&D to application.

中国研发经费投入规模持续升高。全社会研发经费投入已从2012年的1.03万亿元升高至2024年3.63万亿元，研发投入规模仅次于美国，年增速高于美国。近三年来，中国政府在卫生健康领域年投入资金近百亿元，持续保持较大投入规模。

China's R&D investment has grown steadily, reaching 3.63 trillion yuan in 2024, making it the world's second-largest. With nearly 10 billion yuan invested annually in health innovation over the past three years, the system's capabilities continue to strengthen.

A：中国为某些疾病防治提供新方案。比如，中国提出缺血性脑血管病二级预防方案，显著降低卒中复发风险；单倍体骨髓移植方案，有效解决造血干细胞移植供体缺乏问题，已成为全球治疗白血病骨髓移植的主流方案；建立鼻咽癌筛查、精准分型体系和综合治疗方案，推动了全球鼻咽癌诊疗的变革；“自体化学重编程胰岛细胞疗法”有望实现1型糖尿病的功能性治愈等。

China has pioneered novel approaches to the prevention and treatment of several diseases, some of which have evolved into mainstream therapeutic strategies adopted worldwide. For instance, China’s secondary prevention protocol for ischemic cerebrovascular disease has significantly reduced the risk of stroke recurrence. The haploidentical bone marrow transplantation protocol has effectively addressed donor shortages in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, establishing itself as a globally recognized treatment for leukemia and other conditions requiring bone marrow transplants. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, China’s integrated strategy—encompassing screening, molecular subtyping, and tailored treatment—has reshaped global diagnostic and therapeutic standards. Additionally, “autologous chemically reprogrammed islet cell therapy” offers a promising pathway toward a functional cure for type 1 diabetes.

A：泽布替尼、西达基奥伦赛等系列创新药品，是由中国自主研发的，已逐渐进入美欧市场。2024年，中国原创新药泽布替尼的全球销售额达26亿美元，进入全球重磅药前100强榜单的第70位，中国有6家制药企业进入全球药企50强榜单。2025年，中国产九价人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗成功上市，为全球HPV疫苗供应体系补充关键力量，让中国疫苗成为守护全球女性健康的重要支撑。

Innovative Chinese drugs like zanubrutinib and cilta-cel are now entering Western markets. In 2024, zanubrutinib achieved global sales of $2.6 billion, ranking it 70th among the world's top-selling drugs, while six Chinese pharmaceutical companies entered the global top 50. In 2025, China's launch of its own 9-valent HPV vaccine is bolstering the global supply, making the country a key pillar in safeguarding women's health worldwide.

多项数据进一步印证了中国的创新药物研发能力和水平的大幅提升。2024年，中国在研药物总数超6000款，处于世界第二位，占全球总量的26.7%，细胞与基因诊疗等新技术疗法在研数量为2640款，占全球的35%。2024年，中国创新药授权转让交易额达519亿美元。仅2025年上半年，创新药对外授权交易额已超过600亿美元。由此可见，中国新药研发能力的国际认可度和竞争力持续提升。

China’s pharmaceutical innovation has entered a phase of high-quality development, with key metrics underscoring its rising global competitiveness. In 2024, the country had over 6,000 drug candidates in development—ranking second worldwide and accounting for 26.7% of the global total—including 2,640 cell and gene therapies, which represented 35% of the global pipeline. Out-licensing deals for innovative drugs reached $51.9 billion in 2024 and exceeded $60 billion in the first half of 2025 alone, reflecting strong international recognition of China’s R&D capabilities. 

除医药领域外，中国在高端医疗装备自主研发能力方面持续提升，CT球管、体外膜肺氧合机（ECMO）、内镜三维成像系统、重离子放疗设备等均实现自主研发，也为全球医疗机构提供高性价比选择，助力全球医疗资源均衡分配。

China's advancements in high-end medical equipment—from CT tubes and ECMO to heavy-ion radiotherapy systems—are making advanced healthcare more accessible and equitable worldwide. By offering reliable, domestically developed alternatives, China is helping to bridge global healthcare gaps.

总策划：薛立胜

Executive Producer: Lisheng Xue

策划：蔡晓娟 张运兴

Planning Director: Xiaojuan Cai, Yunxing Zhang

统筹：刘佳

Project Coordinator: Jia Liu

供稿：游茂 贾晓峰（国家卫生健康委卫生发展研究中心、健康和人口发展战略研究院 ）

Content Provider: Mao You, Xiaofeng Jia (National Center for Health Development Research, NHC)

编辑：韩雅洁

Editor:Yajie Han

推广：杨岳巍 金淳曦 常瑶 沈雪

Promotion: Yuewei Yang, Chunxi Jin, Yao Chang, Xue Shen

翻译：郭峰

Translator：Feng Guo

编审：张艳玲 王月博

Managing Editor：Yanling Zhang, Yuebo Wang

医在中国Q&A① | 中国医疗卫生服务体系的独特性是什么？

医在中国Q&A②丨中国医疗卫生服务网如何“铺满”基层？

医在中国Q&A③ | 如何为数以亿计的青少年构建一个更健康的未来？

【责任编辑：刘佳】