双语|美国宇航局计划在2024年实现首位女性登月

月宫仙子嫦娥只是中国神话，但在不久的未来，月球上将会迎来第一名人类女性。美国宇航局宣布，计划在2024年将包括女性在内的一批宇航员送往月球，这将是人类自1972年以来首次回到月球表面。

NASA has big plans for 2024.

美国宇航局将在2024年有大动作。

The space agency said that in four years, it plans to land the first woman ever on the Moon and the first man since 1972 through its Artemis program.

美国宇航局称，计划在四年后实现首位女性和1972年以来的首位男性登陆月球，任务代号为“阿耳特弥斯”。

The program calls for $28 billion in funding through 2025 for Phase 1, NASA said in its news release.

美国宇航局在新闻稿中称，该项目在截至2025年的第一阶段需耗资280亿美元（约合人民币1898亿元）。

Artemis is named after the Greek goddess of the moon and twin sister of Apollo. NASA's Apollo 11 mission succeeded in landing the first humans on the moon on July 20, 1969.

阿耳特弥斯的任务代号得名于古希腊神话中的月亮女神，她是太阳神阿波罗的孪生姐姐。美国宇航局的阿波罗11号任务于1969年7月20日成功让人类首次登陆月球。

Only 12 humans, all male, have ever walked on the moon and they were all American, according to Bettina Inclán, NASA Communications Director.

美国宇航局通信主管贝蒂娜·因克兰称，迄今为止登上月球的只有12个人，而且全是美国男性。

"The last person walked on the Moon in 1972," Inclán said in a statement. "No woman has ever walked on the lunar surface."

因克兰在一份声明中称：“人类上一次登上月球是1972年。还没有女性登陆过月球。”

In December 2017, President Donald Trump signed Space Policy Directive 1, which called for NASA to send humans to the Moon for the first time since 1972 for "long-term exploration and use" and missions to other planets.

2017年12月，特朗普总统签署了1号太空政策指令，要求美国宇航局在1972年后首次将人类送往月球进行“长期探索和利用”以及执行和其他行星有关的任务。

NASA said it hopes that more exploration of the moon will help the US establish a strategic presence in space and grow their international partnerships.

美国宇航局表示，希望对月球的更多探索将帮助美国在太空占据战略地位，并增进国际合作。

One billion dollars of the budget will go directly to the development of a commercial human lunar system that will take humans to the moon's surface, NASA said.

美国宇航局称，预算中的10亿美元将直接用于开发商业化的人类月球系统，该系统将把人类送往月球表面。

An allotment of $651 million will be used to support the Orion Spacecraft and the rocket that Boeing is building for the moon mission -- called the Space Launch System or SLS. NASA has already spent at least $11.9 billion on the SLS, which was supposed to be ready by December 2017.

预算中的6.51亿美元将用于支持猎户座飞船和波音为名为“太空发射系统”的登月任务建造的火箭。美国宇航局已经在太空发射系统上投入了至少119亿美元，该系统本该在2017年12月准备就绪。

The spacecraft is complete, NASA said, and the core stage and four attached rockets are undergoing final tests in preparation for a "critical hot fire test this fall."

美国宇航局称，飞船已经造好，核心部分和四个火箭助推器正在进行最终测试，以迎接“今秋的关键热火测试”。

NASA's Artemis I mission is on track to launch in 2021 with two test flights around the Moon without astronauts. However, NASA plans to send robots using commercial delivery services to "send dozens of new science investigations and technology demonstrations" to the Moon twice in 2021.

美国宇航局的“阿耳特弥斯1号”将于2021年发射，开展两次无人绕月飞行测试。不过，美国宇航局计划在2021年两次用商业运载服务让机器人“将数十项新科学调查和技术展示成果”送往月球。

Artemis II is set to launch in 2023 with astronauts on board in preparation to have Artemis III bring astronauts back to the surface of the Moon.

载人的“阿耳特弥斯2号”将于2023年发射，为让宇航员重回月球表面的阿耳特弥斯3号任务做准备。

The astronauts will be fitted with modern spacesuits that allow for greater flexibility and movement than the spacesuits used by other Apollo-era astronauts, and they will be tasked with collecting samples and conducting a "range of science experiments over the course of nearly seven days."

宇航员将穿上比阿波罗时代太空服灵活性更高、更便于运动的现代太空服，他们的任务是收集样本和“在近七天时间内进行一系列科学实验”。

The Artemis program will search for and potentially extract resources such as water that can be converted into other usable resources such as oxygen and fuel, and NASA hopes to develop new mobility capabilities that will allow astronauts to explore new regions of the Moon.

阿耳特弥斯计划将探寻并在可能的情况下开采能转化为氧气和燃料等其他有用能源的资源，比如水。美国宇航局希望能研发出新的代步工具，让宇航员可以探索月球的新区域。