震后两小时出生，取名“震生”，他守护截瘫幸存者25年

1976年7月28日凌晨，一场7.8级大地震袭击河北唐山，造成24万多人遇难，3817人终身截瘫。

The 7.8-magnitude earthquake that struck Tangshan, an industrial city in North China's Hebei province, on July 28 at 3:42 am, claimed more than 240,000 lives, injured over 160,000 people, and left 3,817 survivors paralyzed.

唐山地震遗址纪念公园内的唐山大地震罹难者纪念墙（王敬 摄）

震后两小时，一个男婴在临时搭建的医疗帐篷里出生。父母给他取名“震生”，寓意震后新生。今天，正值唐山大地震50周年。当年的婴儿如今已在唐山市截瘫疗养院工作25年，现任院长。而他守护的，正是那些在地震中幸存下来、却终身失去行走能力的人。

如今，疗养院里仍生活着130多位唐山大地震截瘫幸存者。半个世纪以来，这里见证了他们重新学习生活、寻找人生方向，也陪伴他们一步步走进老年。

Born in an emergency medical team's field tent just two hours after the earthquake struck, Yang Zhensheng's destiny was bound to the tragedy.

His parents named him Zhensheng, which literally means "born after the earthquake", and in 2001, he started working at the Tangshan Paraplegic Rehabilitation Center.

唐山地震遗址纪念公园内的唐山机车车辆厂铸钢车间地震遗址（王敬 摄）

“1976年面对这些高位截瘫患者时，困难是双重的，一个在技术上，一个在心理上。”杨震生回忆说。“技术上的难，是‘白手起家’。当时很多医护人员几乎没有截瘫康复经验，只能一边学习、一边摸索。更难的是‘人心’。很多休养员刚入院时万念俱灰，甚至有人试图轻生。后来我们慢慢意识到，光治伤不行，得先‘救命’，让他们重新燃起活下去的信念。”

在杨震生看来，疗养院的意义，也从最初帮助伤员看到“一束光”，逐渐变成了陪伴他们走完人生的一座“灯塔”，始终为生命护航。

For a quarter of a century, Yang has witnessed the courage and determination that have enabled the survivors to endure.

"When the rehabilitation center first opened, many residents had lost not only the use of their legs, but also the courage to live," said Yang, who is now the center's director.

"We soon realized that treating injuries alone was not enough," he said. "Before helping them recover physically, we had to help them regain the confidence to live."

唐山截瘫疗养院内，赵丽丽（左二）和同事指导休养员们做康复锻炼。（王敬 摄）

69岁的高清峰，就是其中一位。1976年，19岁的他在地震中被倒塌的房屋压伤脊柱。“当时也不知道截瘫了，就知道骨折了，也没想到这辈子再也站不起来。”他说，“那些时候比较痛苦。”

Gao Qingfeng, 69, is among the more than 130 survivors of the Tangshan earthquake who still live at the rehabilitation center.

Nineteen years old when the earthquake struck, Gao suffered a spinal cord injury after being trapped beneath the rubble.

"The hardest time was right after the earthquake," Gao recalled. "I didn't even know what paraplegia was. I never imagined I would spend the rest of my life this way."

唐山截瘫疗养院内，高清峰在赵丽丽（左一）和同事的指导下做康复锻炼。（王敬 摄）

1981年入住疗养院后，他遇到了许多和自己有着相似经历的人，也开始慢慢学着面对新的生活。如今，几十年过去，他们每天一起唱歌、弹乐器、下棋、打牌。每一天都充实幸福地过去。

What eventually changed him was not a medical breakthrough. "When I moved into the rehabilitation center in 1981 and saw so many people living the same life, I no longer felt I was facing it alone," he said. "We trained together, lived together, and encouraged one another. Their companionship helped me gradually accept reality."

对于李冬梅来说，疗养院不仅帮助她恢复身体，更让她重新找到了人生方向。13岁的她在地震中头部重伤，昏迷了一个多月。1981年，她成为疗养院首批入住的休养员之一。

1984年，全国第一届残疾人运动会举行的消息改变了她的人生。赛场上运动员奋力拼搏的身影，让她第一次意识到，轮椅上的人生同样可以拥有梦想。

For Li Dongmei, the rehabilitation center restored her health and gave her a new direction in life. She was 13 when the earthquake left her with a severe head injury and permanent paralysis. In 1984, a video of China's first National Games for Persons with Disabilities changed everything.

“既然大地震重新塑造了另一个我，我就以另一个我重新屹立在这个世界上。我要重返赛场。”从那以后，她每天早饭前、午饭后都坚持训练。没有专业手套，双手磨出血泡也是常事；为了减少上厕所，她甚至训练时不敢喝水。

1987年，她代表河北队参加第二届全国残疾人运动会。此后几十年间，她多次参加国内外赛事，获得数十枚金牌。55岁时，她仍在河北省残疾人运动会上夺得三枚金牌。

如今，离开赛场的李冬梅依然每天跟休养员们一起做操，学习手语和唐山皮影，继续充实着自己的生活。她说：“虽然不能继续参加体育比赛了，但我还能用另一种方式好好生活。”

"If the earthquake reshaped me into another person, then I will stand in this world again as that new person," she said. From then on, Li trained every day, enduring blistered hands and countless setbacks in pursuit of her dream.

唐山截瘫疗养院内，李冬梅跟疗养院医务人员聊天。（王敬 摄）

如今，高清峰、李冬梅和他们的同伴，大多已步入70多岁。1998年进入疗养院工作的康复医生赵丽丽，几乎见证了他们人生的后半程。

“刚来的时候，他们大多还是中青年。”她说，“早期康复主要是提高生活自理能力，现在他们都进入了老年，康复更多是针对并发症，尽量提高晚年的生活质量。”

50年过去，这批地震截瘫伤员陆续进入老龄阶段。长期依靠轮椅生活，让不少人出现骨质疏松、肩周炎、肩袖损伤、泌尿系统感染等并发症。曾经帮助他们重新生活的康复训练，如今更重要的任务，是帮助他们尽可能延缓衰老，保持独立生活能力。

唐山截瘫疗养院内，休养员们跟随康复团队做锻炼。 （王敬 摄）

Zhao Lili, a rehabilitation physician, has watched that transition unfold. "When I first came here, most of them were still middle-aged," she said. "Back then, rehabilitation focused on helping them regain independence. Today, the priority is managing age-related complications and helping them maintain their quality of life."

但在她看来，晚年最大的挑战，并不仅仅来自身体。不少幸存者终身未婚，或没有子女。随着父母离世、兄弟姐妹也渐渐老去，越来越多人开始担心：生病了谁陪着去医院？身体越来越差以后，又该由谁照顾？

“陪伴之外，更重要的是当他们遇到困难时，你能给他支持和帮助，让他知道有一种外在的力量在托底。”赵丽丽说，“我希望通过自己的工作，一路陪伴他们，尽可能减轻他们的痛苦，提高他们的生活质量，让他们的晚年活得更有尊严。”

As survivors have grown older, Zhao Lili said the challenge has become more than medical. "Many never married or had children. Others have watched their parents pass away, and their siblings grow old, leaving fewer people able to care for them," she said.

在杨震生看来，唐山市截瘫疗养院最大的意义，首先是对生命的承诺。

“3817名截瘫伤员，在当时世界范围内，这样大规模的幸存者群体能够整体存活下来，并且活出质量，本身就是一个奇迹。这个奇迹不是靠什么高超的技术，而是靠党和国家‘一个都不能少’的决心。”

他说，疗养院不仅是他们的家，这里是一座精神的丰碑，更是一座活的纪念馆。它告诉后人，唐山大地震毁掉了城市，但毁不掉人心。

半个世纪过去，这份守护仍在延续。近年来，唐山市持续完善残疾人关爱服务体系，目前已惠及全市11.3万名困难残疾人和重度残疾人，让更多残疾人持续享受到更加稳定、更加便捷的保障。

Yang Zhensheng said the institution represents a promise carried across generations. "From the day it was established, it has embodied the Party and government's commitment to people affected by the disaster," he said.

"The survival of 3,817 people left paraplegic by the earthquake — and their ability to go on living meaningful lives — was itself extraordinary. That achievement did not come from one medical breakthrough. It came from a commitment that no one would be left behind."

唐山截瘫疗养院内康复医师赵丽丽在跟休养员聊天 （王敬 摄）

在防灾科技学院应急技术与管理学院院长、中国灾害防御协会地震应急救援专业委员会副主任委员唐彦东看来，唐山五十年的实践，最大的价值在于改变了人们对灾后恢复的理解。

“灾难的结束，只是长期恢复的开始。”他说，唐山模式打破了救灾结束即“终点”的传统认知，将灾后恢复从城市重建延伸到生命质量和人格尊严，从短期救助延伸到覆盖幸存者一生的长期照护。今天，当第一代地震幸存者陆续步入老年，他们面临的身体、心理、家庭和养老挑战，也为未来灾害恢复提供了重要借鉴。

"The end of a disaster is only the beginning of long-term recovery," he said. Tangshan's experience has expanded the concept of post-disaster recovery beyond rebuilding cities to restoring quality of life and dignity, and beyond short-term relief to lifelong care for survivors.

五十年过去，废墟早已远去，但对于这些幸存者来说，真正值得铭记的，并不只是那一天，而是此后的每一天。

记者：郑金冉

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