美国LNG出口在3月份飙升至历史新高！

来源：市场资讯

（来源：海运经纪）

2026年3月，美国液化天然气（LNG）出口量创下1170万吨的历史新高，主要受全球恐慌性抢购和中东地缘政治紧张局势引发的供应中断所推动。3月份，卡塔尔拉斯拉凡工业城遭到导弹和无人机袭击，关键基础设施受损，导致大规模停运，使美国成为至关重要的天然气供应枢纽。

与2025年3月相比，路易斯安那州的LNG处理能力在2026年3月增加了约180万吨，目前路易斯安那州处理着美国约61%的LNG出口量。欧洲仍然是最大的出口目的地，约占美国超低温天然气出口总量的64%，即749万吨。

国际天然气价格较美国亨利枢纽价格的大幅溢价也刺激了出口活动的增加，欧洲TTF和亚洲LNG基准价格的交易价格远高于美国亨利枢纽价格，后者徘徊在每百万英热单位3美元左右。尽管由于产量强劲，亨利枢纽价格相对稳定，但高企的国际价格（TTF、JKM）确保了美国出口终端的充分利用，这些终端几乎满负荷运转。

U.S. liquefied natural gas (LNG) exports hit a record 11.7 million metric tons in March 2026, mainly driven by global panic buying and supply disruptions triggered by geopolitical tensions in the Middle East. Missile and drone attacks on Qatar's Ras Laffan Industrial City in March damaged critical infrastructure, forcing major outages and positioning the U.S. as a vital swing producer. LNG facilities in Louisiana handled roughly 1.8 million more metric tons in March 2026 compared to March 2025, with Louisiana currently handling ~61% of all U.S. LNG shipments. Europe remained the top destination, accounting for approximately 7.49 million tons, or 64%, of total U.S. exports of super-chilled gas. A substantial premium for international gas prices over the U.S. Henry Hub price also incentivized increased export activities, with European TTF and Asian LNG benchmarks trading at a massive premium to U.S. Henry Hub prices, which hovered around $3 per MMBtu. While Henry Hub prices were relatively stable due to strong production, the high international prices (TTF, JKM) ensured maximum utilization of U.S. export terminals, which were running near capacity.

路易斯安那州普拉克明斯液化天然气工厂持续提升产能，为美国液化天然气产量增长做出了显著贡献。Venture Global LNG工厂已获得美国能源部立即批准，出口量增加 13%，每日新增 4.5 亿立方英尺天然气，以满足全球日益增长的需求。普拉克明斯液化天然气工厂的初始设计产能为每年 2000 万吨（mpta），并已全部签订合同。然而，得益于其模块化设计的卓越性能，该工厂的实际产能最高可超出其初始设计产能的 40%。

Louisiana Plaquemines LNG plant has been contributing significantly to U.S. LNG output growth as it continues to ramp up production. The Venture Global LNG facility received immediate authorization from the Department of Energy for a 13% increase in exports, adding up to 0.45 billion cubic feet of natural gas per day to meet surging global demand. Plaquemines LNG is designed with an initial, fully contracted capacity of 20 million metric tonnes per annum (mpta). However, the facility has shown it can exceed its original nameplate capacity by up to 40% thanks to the high performance of its modular design.

该项目正在进行扩建，长期计划通过增建模块化生产线，使总产能达到36 列，最终超过每年 4500 万至 5800 万吨。普拉克明斯液化天然气工厂是美国最大的私营基础设施项目之一，预计项目总投资额将接近 240 亿美元。

The project is undergoing expansion, with long-term plans to exceed 45-58 mpta total capacity through additional modular trains to bring the total to 36 trains. Plaquemines LNG is one of the largest private infrastructure projects in the U.S., with total project costs estimated at nearly $24 billion when completed.

除了普拉克明斯液化天然气（Plaquemines LNG）大型项目外，路易斯安那州还拥有德尔芬液化天然气（Delfin LNG）项目，这是一个拟建的深水港项目。德尔芬液化天然气项目计划成为美国首个浮式液化天然气（FLNG）出口设施。该项目将支持三艘FLNG船，年产量可达1320万吨。德尔芬液化天然气项目位于路易斯安那州西南角卡梅伦教区海岸约30英里处，将改造UTOS管道并将其与高岛海上天然气管道（HIOS）连接，从而向浮式液化天然气船输送原料气。通过利用这些现有的海上管道并新建一条700英尺长的旁路管道（德尔芬海上管道）连接它们，该项目将最大限度地减少额外的基础设施投资，因此被归类为“棕地”深水港项目。2026年2月发生的管道爆炸事故以及相关的监管障碍导致最终投资决定（FID）推迟，预计将于2026年春季做出。Delfin LNG是FLNG船舶开发商Delfin Midstream Inc.的全资子公司。该项目的主要投资方为Fairwood Peninsula Energy Corp（约占30.7%），Talisman Global Alternative Master LP和Talisman Global Capital Master也参与了投资。

Other than the Plaquemines LNG megaproject, Louisiana is also home to Delfin LNG, a proposed deepwater port project in Louisiana. Delfin LNG is slated to become the first U.S. floating liquefied natural gas (FLNG) export facility. The project will support three FLNG vessels producing up to 13.2 mpta. Located ~30 miles off Cameron Parish in the southwest corner of Louisiana, Delfin LNG will repurpose the UTOS pipeline and connect it with the High Island Offshore Gas Pipeline (HIOS) to transport feedgas to the floating LNG vessels. By utilizing these existing offshore pipelines and constructing a new 700-foot bypass to connect them (the Delfin Offshore Pipeline), the project will minimize additional infrastructure investment, classifying it as a "brownfield" deepwater port project. A February 2026 pipeline explosion and associated regulatory hurdles have delayed the Final Investment Decision (FID), which is now anticipated in the spring of 2026. Delfin LNG is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Delfin Midstream Inc., a developer of FLNG vessels. The project is primarily backed by Fairwood Peninsula Energy Corp (approx. 30.7%), along with Talisman Global Alternative Master LP and Talisman Global Capital Master.

预计到2026 年，美国液化天然气出口量将增长约 13%，这主要得益于 Venture Global LNG 的 Plaquemines 项目和 Cheniere Energy (NYSE:LNG) 的 Corpus Christi Stage 3 项目新增产能。Port Arthur LNG（德克萨斯州）和 Rio Grande LNG 计划于 2027 年至 2028 年间投产，预计更多项目将于 2030 年/2031 年上线。

U.S. LNG exports are expected to rise by ~13% in 2026, driven by new capacity from Venture Global LNG's Plaquemines and Cheniere Energy's (NYSE:LNG) Corpus Christi Stage 3. Port Arthur LNG (Texas) and Rio Grande LNG are scheduled to begin operations between 2027-2028, with further projects expected to come online in 2030/2031.

受伴生气产量增加的推动，二叠纪盆地的天然气产量预计将会上升，这将有助于满足美国墨西哥湾沿岸液化天然气出口终端不断增长的需求。预计今年二叠纪盆地的天然气产量将达到280亿立方英尺/日，巩固其作为美国增长最快的天然气产区的地位。目前，二叠纪盆地的伴生气产量创下历史新高，约为220亿立方英尺/日，预计到2026年将增至约280亿立方英尺/日，约占美国天然气总产量的五分之一。

The Permian Basin's gas production is projected to rise, driven by increasing associated gas output, which will help meet surging demand from the U.S. Gulf Coast LNG export terminals. Permian natural gas production is expected to hit 28 Bcf/d in the current year, solidifying the basin's role as the fastest-growing gas-producing play in the U.S. Permian wells are currently producing record amounts of associated residue natural gas at approximately 22 Bcf/d, which is expected to rise to ~28 Bcf/d in 2026, comprising roughly one-fifth of total U.S. production.

总体而言，预计美国液化天然气出口能力将在2024年至2028年间增长一倍以上，出口量预计将从2024年的119亿立方英尺/日增至2030年的215亿立方英尺/日，从而巩固美国作为全球最大液化天然气出口国的地位。如此快速的增长需要大量新的基础设施来输送原料气。值得庆幸的是，诸如马特洪峰快线管道等项目的投产有望缓解外输能力瓶颈，从而有助于稳定瓦哈枢纽的价格。

Overall, U.S. LNG export capacity is projected to more than double between 2024 and 2028, with exports expected to rise from 11.9 Bcf/d in 2024 to 21.5 Bcf/d by 2030, reinforcing the country's position as the top global exporter. The rapid expansion requires significant new infrastructure to transport the feedgas. Thankfully, the startup of projects like the Matterhorn Express Pipeline is expected to mitigate takeaway capacity constraints, helping to stabilize Waha Hub prices.