《大庆石油地质与开发》：油气勘探开发主题双语文章推荐

本期为大家推荐发表于《大庆石油地质与开发》的5篇双语文章，内容涵盖大庆油田油气勘探开发进展、高含水老油田深度开发面临的挑战、特低渗透滩坝砂油藏超前压驱技术与其应用等，希望能为行业同仁提供借鉴。

01

大庆油田油气勘探进展及方向

Oil and gas exploration progress and direction of Daqing Oilfield

【摘要】近年来，大庆油田践行资源战略，东北老探区展现新活力，常规油气持续高效稳定上产，非常规油气实现重大突破，西部新领域接替前景日趋明朗，天然气、页岩油等资源实现重大突破，油气勘探继续保持良好发展势头。为进一步明确未来勘探方向，对近年来主要勘探发现和地质认识进行全面总结，明确大庆油田已经进入“常非并重、油气并举”的勘探新阶段；理论认识深化、技术迭代升级日趋迫切，系统梳理大庆油田近年来主要勘探对象，厘清勘探形势，系统分析了油气资源潜力，明确了勘探方向。研究结果表明，东北探区仍是油气稳产支柱，西部探区天然气是增储上产新支点，可为推动大庆油田“一稳三增两提升”战略目标的实现提供支撑。

【Abstract】In recent years, Daqing Oilfield adheres to resource strategy. Old exploration area of Northeast China exhibits new vitality with continuously efficient and stable increasing production of conventional oil and gas and significant breakthrough of unconventional oil and gas, and new replacing fields of West China shows increasing prospect with significant breakthrough of unconventional resources such as natural gas and shale oil. Oil and gas exploration continues to maintain good development momentum. In order to further determine future exploration direction, main exploration discoveries and geological understandings in recent years are summarized, recognizing that Daqing Oilfield has entered a new exploration stage of “equal stress on both conventional and unconventional resources, and simultaneous development of oil and gas”. Deepening theoretical understanding and technological iteration and upgrade are increasingly urgent. Main exploration targets of Daqing Oilfield in recent years are systematically summarized, exploration situation is clarified, oil and gas resources potential is systematically analyzed, and exploration direction is determined. The research shows that Northeast China exploration area is still the pillar for stable oil and gas production, and natural gas in West China exploration area is a new fulcrum for increasing reserves and production, providing support for the realization of strategic goal of “One stability, three increases and two improvements” in Daqing Oilfield.

02

古龙页岩油勘探开发进展及发展对策

Exploration and development progress and development strategies of Gulong shale oil

【摘要】古龙页岩油是继常规油之后最为现实的接替资源，目前已经成为大庆油田增储上产的主要领域。通过系统阐述古龙页岩油勘探开发历程和分区带落实资源潜力，为古龙页岩油未来发展制定合理规划。结果表明：古龙页岩油主要经历了勘探评价、先导试验和扩大试验3个勘探开发阶段；富有机质页岩具有面积广、厚度大、生油能力强等特点，页岩油富集的物质基础雄厚；古龙页岩油纵向上主要富集于下油组（Q1―Q4油层）和上油组的Q9油层，平面上具有全盆地分布的特征，在古龙凹陷深凹区地质条件最为优越；按照轻质油带核心区―斜坡区―稀油带―低熟页岩油的规划，逐步对古龙页岩油实施勘探研究及开发动用；基于原生源储的富集规律，建立了原位成藏理论，古龙页岩油提交了12.68×108 t的预测地质储量及2.04×108 t的探明地质储量，指导了国家级示范区及全国重点实验室建设；应用体积法估算轻质油带Q9油层资源量为9.6×108 t，轻质油带Q2―Q8油层整体资源量为38.8×108 t，三肇地区稀油带资源量达11×108 t以上，能够有效支撑古龙页岩油革命行动目标。通过加强理论研究，推动技术进步，推进管理创新，实现降本增效，古龙页岩油必将成为大庆油田资源接续和百年油田建设的重要领域。

【Abstract】Gulong shale oil is the most realistic replacement resource after conventional oil, and is a major field for increasing reserves and production in Daqing Oilfield. Future development of Gulong shale oil is reasonably designed through systematically describing its exploration and development history and zoning to determine resource potential. The results show that Gulong shale oil mainly experienced 3 stages of exploration and development, including exploration evaluation, pilot test and extended test. Gulong shale oil formed in fresh water-brackish water + weak provenance + strong reduction environment in warm and humid climate. Organic-rich shale has wide distribution area, large thickness, and high oil generation capacity, providing sufficient material basis for shale oil enrichment. Gulong shale oil is mainly enriched vertically in Q1–Q4 reservoirs of lower reservoir member and Q9 reservoir of upper reservoir member, and distributes areally in the whole basin, with the best geological condition in deep sag area of Gulong Sag. Exploration research and development of Gulong shale oil will be conducted step by step according to the planning of light oil core zone–slope zone–thin oil zone–low mature shale oil. In-situ accumulation theory is established based on enrichment law of primary reservoir in source strata, with 12.68 × 108 t of possible reserves and 2.04 × 108 t of proved reserves submitted, guiding the construction of national demonstration area and national key laboratory. Volumetric method estimated resources of Q9 reservoir in light oil zone is 9.6 × 108 t, total resources of Q2–Q8 reservoirs in light oil zone is 38.8 × 108 t, and thin oil zone resources in Sanzhao area is >11 × 108 t, which can effectively support the goal of Gulong shale oil revolution. By strengthening theoretical research, accelerating technical progress, promoting management innovation and realizing cost reduction and efficiency increase, Gulong shale oil will become an important field for resource continuation and centenary oilfield construction in Daqing Oilfield.

03

四川盆地大庆探区油气勘探开发进展及前景展望

Progress and prospects of oil and gas exploration and development of Daqing exploration area in Sichuan Basin

【摘要】四川盆地发育海陆两大含油层系，油气资源潜力巨大，但整体探明率较低。为了顺应油气改革新形势，四川盆地部分区块于2017—2018年先后流转至大庆油田，近几年大庆油田在川渝大地不断突破思想禁区，海陆相油气并重勘探、刻苦攻关、深化认识，取得了一系列喜人成效。截至2023年底，海相下二叠统天然气已累计提交探明地质储量1 114.59×108 m3，同时计划在“十四五”（2021—2025年）和“十五五”（2026—2030年）期间在下二叠统累计提交天然气探明地质储量3 000×108 m3，为大庆探区的增储上产奠定坚实的基础；陆相凉高山组具备页岩油大面积富集成藏的条件，石油资源量为26.75×108 t、天然气资源量为1.7×108 m3，展现出亿吨级储量的勘探大场面，是寻找规模石油储量最为现实的领域；陆相须家河组致密气源储配置好、纵向叠置，形成大面积连片致密气藏，预测总有利区面积约为6 200 km2，资源量为3.15×1012 m3，展现出万亿立方米的资源潜力，是四川盆地大庆探区未来规模增储上产的现实领域。

【Abstract】There are a series of marine and a series of continental oil-bearing strata developed in Sichuan Basin, with enormous oil and gas resources potential but relatively low proved ratio. In response to new situation of petroleum reform, some blocks of Sichuan Basin were successively transferred to Daqing Oilfield Company in 2017-2018. In recent years, Daqing Oilfield Company has continuously broken through ideological barriers in Sichuan and Chongqing region, emphasizing simultaneous exploration on both marine and continental oil and gas, persevering in overcoming difficulties, deepening understanding, and achieving a series of remarkable progress. By the end of 2023, proved gas in place of marine Lower Permian strata was submitted cumulatively to 1 114.59 × 108 m3. Meanwhile, it is planned to submit cumulative proved gas in place of Lower Permian strata to 3 000 × 108 m3 during the “14th Five-Year Plan” (2021–2025) to “15th Five-Year Plan” (2026–2030), laying solid foundation for reserves and production increase of Daqing exploration area. Continental Lianggaoshan Formation has conditions for large-area shale oil enrichment and accumulation, with petroleum resources of 26.75 × 108 t and natural gas resources of 1.7 × 108 m3, demonstrating large-scale exploration scene with hundred-million-tons reserves and is the most realistic area for finding large-scale reserves. Continental Xujiahe Formation has good source-reservoir assemblage for tight gas, with vertically superimposition, forming large-area continuous tight gas reservoirs. Predicted cumulative favorable area is approximately 6 200 km2, with resources of 3.15 × 1012 m3, demonstrating resources potential of trillion cubic meters and representing a future realistic field for large-scale reserves and production increase in Daqing exploration area of Sichuan Basin.

04

高含水老油田深度开发面临挑战及发展方向

Challenges and development direction for deep development of high water-cut mature oilfields

【摘要】高含水老油田是我国石油储量和产量的主体，对于保障国家能源安全、支撑国民经济社会高质量发展意义重大。在全面肯定中国高含水老油田重要战略地位的基础上，深入剖析高含水分类油藏开发现状，指出了实现高质量发展所面临的提高采收率、低成本高效开发及全生命周期绿色开发3大方面的挑战，明确了高含水老油田总体发展方向及核心关键技术，一是发展以“大幅度提高采收率”为目标的精准开发技术，二是发展以“智能高效”为目标的采油工程技术，三是发展以“高效、绿色、智能”为目标的地面工程技术。研究成果为中国高含水老油田今后较长时期的高质量发展指明了方向。

【Abstract】High water-cut mature oilfields are the main body of oil reserves and production in China, with great significance for ensuring national energy security and supporting high-quality development of national economy. On the basis of fully affirming the important strategic role of high water-cut mature oilfields in China, current development situation of classified high water-cut reservoirs is analyzed, pointing out 3 challenges faced in achieving high-quality development, including oil recovery improving, low-cost and efficient development, and green development throughout entire life cycle, and overall development direction and core key technologies of high water-cut mature oilfields are clarified. First is to develop precise development technology with the goal of “significantly increasing oil recovery”. Second is to develop production engineering technology with the goal of “intelligent and efficient”. Third is to develop surface engineering technology with the goal of “efficient, green and intelligent”. The research points out the direction for long-term high-quality development of high water-cut mature oilfields in China.

05

特低渗透滩坝砂油藏超前压驱技术及其应用

Advanced fracturing-flooding technique and its application in ultra-low permeability beach-bar sandbody reservoir

【摘要】胜利油田在特低渗透滩坝砂油藏创新提出一种“超前压驱”的开发技术模式，并取得高产稳产的应用效果。针对高产稳产的致效机制，开展了物理模拟、数值模拟和矿场应用对比研究，分析高压力系数条件下油水井间压力剖面的建立和水井先压驱条件下储层应力场的改变及其对油井产能的影响。结果表明：高压力系数构建连续稳定的驱替压力剖面、超前压驱变应力场油井差异造缝是高产稳产的两大致效机制，在高压力系数条件下，有利于压力与介质协同传导，同时高压压头前移，有利于克服启动压力梯度，形成连续稳定的压力剖面；在超前压驱注水条件下，高油藏压力可有效降低储层的破裂压力，易形成复杂缝网，同时改变储层地应力场的大小和分布，进而影响油井压裂裂缝展布及产能。研究成果揭示了超前压驱高产稳产的致效机制，对特低渗透滩坝砂油藏的规模效益建产具有重要的指导意义。

【Abstract】Shengli Oilfield innovatively proposes advanced fracturing-flooding development technique in ultra-low permeability beach-bar sandbody reservoirs, achieving the application effect of high and stable production. Aiming at effective mechanism of high and stable production, physical simulation, numerical simulation, and comparative field application are studied to analyze the establishment of pressure profiles between producer and injector with high-pressure coefficient, the variation of reservoir stress field with advanced fracturing-flooded injector, and its influence on producer’s productivity. The results show that the construction of continuous and stable displacement pressure profile by high pressure coefficient and differential fracture initiation of producer with advanced fracturing-flooding varying stress field are the 2 effective mechanisms for high and stable production. High pressure coefficient condition is conducive to coordinated conduction of pressure and medium, while forward movement of high pressure head helps overcome the start-up pressure gradient, forming continuous and stable pressure profile. With advanced fracturing-water flooding, high reservoir pressure can effectively reduce fracturing pressure of reservoir, easily forming complex fractures network. Meanwhile, changing the size and distribution of in-situ stress field of reservoir affects fractures propagation and productivity of fractured producers. The results reveal effective mechanism of advanced fracturing-flooding for high and stable production, and provides guiding significance for largescale beneficial productivity construction of ultra-low permeability beach-bar sandbody reservoirs.

期刊推荐

《大庆石油地质与开发》创刊于1982年，是由中国石油天然气集团有限公司主管、大庆油田有限责任公司主办、国内外公开发行、以刊发石油勘探开发领域具有创新性的理论技术成果为主旨的综合性学术期刊。期刊主要报道石油勘探开发过程中应用的新理论、新工艺、新方法、新试验以及取得的新成果，内容涵盖地质、地震、测井、开发、钻采等多个方面，现设有“石油地质”“油藏工程”“三次采油”“地球物理”“非常规油气”“新能源”“碳中和”和“综述评论”栏目。

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