记忆力减退到什么程度需警惕？

《中国健康老年人标准》这是我国首次以国家标准的形式规范和指导老年人健康评估和管理。这个标准明确了健康老年人的定义、评估方法、评估指标和评估结果，为老年人提供了一个科学、全面、客观的健康参考。那么，这个标准到底有什么内容？我们又该如何根据这个标准来检查自己或者身边的老年人是否合格呢？

一、什么是健康老年人？

根据《标准》，健康老年人在躯体、心理、社会三方面都趋于相互协调与和谐的状态。以60周岁为界定标准，与我国法律规定的退休年龄相一致，也符合世界卫生组织对老年人的划分。

以生活自理或基本自理为前提条件，强调了老年人的功能能力和独立性，而不是单纯地以有无疾病或残疾为判断依据。以躯体、心理、社会三方面为评估维度，体现了对老年人健康的全面和多元的理解，而不是仅仅关注身体上的指标或表现。

二、健康老年人应满足哪些要求？

《标准》提出了健康老年人应满足的9大要求，具体如下：

1、生活自理或基本自理

能够独立完成日常生活活动，如进食、穿衣、洗漱、如厕、转移、行走等。如果需要他人帮助或辅助器具才能完成部分活动，则为基本自理。

2、重要脏器的增龄性改变未导致明显的功能异常

随着衰老过程中发生的一些生理变化，并不一定意味着疾病或功能障碍。比如视力、听力、记忆力等方面的下降，并不影响日常生活和社会交往。

3、影响健康的危险因素控制在与其年龄相适应的范围内

即使患有一些慢性疾病，如高血压、糖尿病等，只要能够按照医嘱规范用药，控制相关指标在合理范围内，就不会对健康造成严重影响。

4、营养状况良好

饮食要均衡、适量、多样，保证身体所需的各种营养素的摄入，避免营养不良或过剩。

5、认知功能基本正常

思维、记忆、判断、理解、沟通等能力没有明显的退化或障碍，能够正常处理日常生活中的问题。

6、乐观积极，自我满意

有一种积极的生活态度和情感状态，能够接受自己的老年生活，对自己的身体状况、生活质量、社会角色等有一定的满意度。

7、具有一定的健康素养，保持良好生活方式

有一定的健康知识和技能，能够主动关注自己的健康状况，及时发现和处理健康问题，遵循科学的健康指导，养成良好的生活习惯，如规律作息、适度运动等。

8、积极参与家庭和社会活动

能够参加一些有益于身心健康的社会活动，如志愿服务、文化娱乐、学习培训等。

9、社会适应能力良好

能够适应社会的变化和发展，能够使用一些现代化的工具和设备，如智能手机、电脑、网络等，能够获取所需的信息和服务，能够与时俱进地更新自己的知识和观念。

三、如何评估自己是否是健康老年人？

《标准》提供了一个简便易行的评估方法，就是使用《中国健康老年人评估量表》，这是一个由30个问题组成的自评量表，涵盖了躯体健康、心理健康和社会健康三个维度。https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868825
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868824
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868823
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868822
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868820
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868818
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868817
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868816
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868815
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868814
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868812
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868811
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868810
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868809
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868808
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868807
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868806
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868754
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868804
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868803
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868802
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868801
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868800
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868799
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868798
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868796
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868795
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868794
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868789
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868793
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868792
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868791
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868790
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868788
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868787
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868786
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868785
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868784
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868783
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868782
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868780
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868779
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868781
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868776
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868778
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868777
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868775
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868774
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868773
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868772
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868771
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868770
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868769
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868768
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868767
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868766
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868765
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868764
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868763
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868761
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868762
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868758
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868760
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868759
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868756
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868755
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868754
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868753
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868752
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868751
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868750
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868749
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868748
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868747
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868746
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868743
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868745
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868744
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868741
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868742
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868739
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868740
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868738
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868737
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868735
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868736
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868734
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868733
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868732
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868731
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868676
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868672
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868668
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868673
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868726
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868725
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868724
https://avg.163.com/topic/detail/11868723

每个问题都有5个选项，分别对应1分到5分不等的分值。老年人可以根据自己的实际情况选择最符合自己的选项，并将相应的分值相加得到总分。根据总分和各维度分数，可以将老年人分为三类：健康老年人、基本健康老年人和不健康老年人

八十分以上且三中纬度都是健康的话，就是健康老年人。既不满足健康也不满足不健康为基本健康。五十九分以下，三种维度有一种以上不满足即为不健康。

结语

《中国健康老年人标准》是一种指导性的标准，并不是一种强制性的要求。每个老年人都有自己的特点和需求，并不一定要完全符合这个标准才能被认为是健康老年人。

关键是要根据自己的实际情况，制定合理的健康目标和计划，采取有效的健康措施，保持良好的健康习惯，提高自己的健康水平和生活质量。同时，也要关心和帮助身边的老年人，让他们也能享受健康和幸福的老年生活。