近日,“街头卖霉豆腐”的视频在网络上迅速走红,相关话题冲上多平台热搜。
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社交平台上随即掀起了一股复刻“霉豆腐”的风潮。有网友在雪地里用积雪模拟,还有网友用拼豆、黏土等制作了抽象版“霉豆腐”。
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图源:小红书截图
此外,也有不少人选择亲自动手按照网络教程尝试制作“霉豆腐”,并纷纷晒图“交作业”。
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图源:小红书截图
然而,一些网友晒出的“霉豆腐”表面却出现了红、绿、白等各色斑点,引发担忧。
A social media trend of recreating "hairy tofu" has taken off, with many users making the fermented dish using online tutorials and posting their results. However, concerns emerged as some shared photos showed homemade tofu developing red, green, or white patches.
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图源:抖音截图
据中国青年报报道,成都市第七人民医院临床营养科主任梁清月表示,“如果发现发酵后的‘霉豆腐’上长出了黑绿色等杂色斑点,多为有害霉菌。正常发酵出来的‘霉豆腐’上的霉丝应该均匀细密,呈白色或淡黄色。”
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图源:小红书截图
"If black-green or other irregular spots appear on the hairy tofu, it is likely contaminated by harmful molds. Normally, the mold filaments on properly fermented hairy tofu should be even and fine, appearing white or pale yellow," said Liang Qingyue from Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital.
专家:尽量不要“自制”
霉豆腐是一种传统的发酵豆制品,和我们熟悉的腐乳、豆豉属于同一个大家族。
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图源:抖音截图
Hairy tofu is a delicacy for adventurous food lovers. Due to its unique geographic environment, after fermentation, the prepared tofu is covered with white mold. The snack thus gets its name from the hair-like filaments that grow on its surface.
在安徽黄山一带,它被称为“毛豆腐”。当地人习惯将长满毛的豆腐在平底锅里用油煎至两面金黄食用。
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图源:抖音截图
Hairy tofu, also known as "maodoufu", can be enjoyed in a variety of ways. In Anhui province, you'll often see it deep-fried until it turns golden and crispy on the outside while remaining tender and creamy on the inside.
而在云南、四川等地,长毛后的豆腐往往会被装入坛罐,加入辣椒、花椒等调料和酒汁进行二次密封发酵,经过数月甚至更长时间,最终变成佐粥下饭的腐乳。
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图源:抖音截图
In provinces such as Yunnan and Sichuan, hairy tofu is often placed into jars or pots, mixed with seasonings like chili peppers and Sichuan peppercorns before undergoing secondary sealed fermentation. This process, lasting several months or even longer, eventually transforms it into fermented bean curd.
针对复刻“霉豆腐”的现象,中华预防医学会健康传播分会委员阮光锋表示,“霉豆腐”制作对温度、湿度、菌种都有严格要求:
菌种应优先选择商业发酵剂(如毛霉菌粉),避免依赖自然环境接种;
操作时需佩戴手套或彻底洗手,所用器具需提前消毒,最大程度减少杂菌引入。
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图源:抖音截图
Ruan Guangfeng from the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association emphasized that making hairy tofu requires strict controls over temperature, humidity, and the strains of mold used.
“如果操作不当,很容易引入青霉(可能产生毒素)、黑曲霉等有害杂菌,还可能导致大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、肉毒杆菌等致病菌污染。”食用这类受污染的产品,可能引发呕吐、腹泻等食物中毒症状,严重时甚至会危及生命。
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图源:小红书截图
“我不推荐家庭自制‘霉豆腐’。”阮光锋强调,即便严格遵循无菌操作流程可勉强尝试,但自然环境中杂菌无处不在,普通人缺乏专业经验,很难完全控制污染风险。
专家提醒:“霉豆腐”不能随便吃
特殊人群要注意
除了不建议自制“霉豆腐”外,梁清月还表示“霉豆腐”在制作过程中,会添加大量的盐、花椒、辣椒、姜末等佐料进行调制。所以,长期食用“霉豆腐”可能会导致碘缺乏、促使痛风发作、增加肾脏负担、促使动脉硬化。
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图源:抖音截图
据央视新闻报道,有专家表示,“三高”、痛风的患者,对豆制品过敏的人群,以及儿童青少年、孕妇等群体,需要控制摄入量。
此外,开封后需冷藏并尽快食用,避免存放过程中二次污染。一旦发现成品再次长出不明的霉点,务必整瓶丢弃,因为此时很可能已滋生黄曲霉素等毒素。
来源:21世纪英文报 中国青年报 农民日报 央视新闻 CGTN 中国日报
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