“甩一甩”成历史？水银体温计将被全面禁产

12月9日，话题“ 水银体温计血压计明年起禁产” 冲上热搜。

据此前国家药监局发布的通知，自2026年1月1日起，我国将全面禁止生产含汞体温计和含汞血压计产品。

According to a notice issued earlier by the National Medical Products Administration, China will completely ban the production of mercury-containingthermometersandsphygmomanometersstarting Jan 1, 2026.

thermometer /θərˈmɑːmɪtər/ n. 温度计，寒暑表，体温计

sphygmomanometer /ˌsfɪgmoʊməˈnɑːmətər/ n. 血压计

水银体温计“便宜又准确”，为何要“退出历史舞台”？

有媒体梳理称，一是使用不便，每次使用前都要先甩动体温计让汞恢复原位。

二是易碎，汞是有毒的可挥发重金属，若流出后不及时、正确清理，会危害健康和环境。

三是水银体温计的读数字体很小，老年人读取不便，而幼儿误食、误接触水银的事件也是屡见不鲜。

Media analysis points to several reasons for why these medical instruments are being phased out. First, they are inconvenient to use, requiring shaking to reset the mercury before each measurement. Second, they are fragile. Mercury is a toxic, volatile heavy metal. If not cleaned up promptly and properly after a breakage, it can harm both health and the environment. Third, the numerical markings on mercury thermometers are often too small for the elderly to read easily. Furthermore, incidents of children accidentally ingesting or coming into contact with mercury are not uncommon.

据央视新闻报道，水银是金属汞的俗称，是唯一一种常温下呈液态的金属。体温计破碎后汞掉落在地上会形成许多大小不等的银色小球，如果不及时收集处理就会很快挥发到空气中变成汞蒸气。

汞蒸气有很大的毒性，在短时间里吸入高浓度汞蒸气（大于1.0mg/m³），就会导致急性汞中毒，表现为头晕、头痛、乏力、发热等。

As reported by China Central Television (CCTV), mercury is the common name for the metallic element Hg, the only metal that remains liquid at room temperature. When a thermometer breaks, the spilled mercury forms small silver droplets. If not collected and handled quickly, these droplets can evaporate into toxic mercury vapor.

Mercury vapor is highly toxic. Short-term exposure to high concentrations (above 1.0 mg/m³) can cause acute mercury poisoning, with symptoms such as dizziness, headache, fatigue, and fever.

破碎体温计如何处理？

立即清理散落在地面或者物体表面的汞珠，可用纸片或者薄塑料板将汞珠收集放入塑料或玻璃瓶中，破碎的体温计可一并放入包装，拧紧瓶盖。

“科普中国”提醒，收集好的水银不要倒入下水道，以免污染地下水，建议收集好的水银交由社区废液管理人员处理。

人员尽量不要在打碎体温计的房间滞留，开窗通风两天室内汞蒸气就能达到安全水平。

To handle a broken thermometer, immediately clean up mercury droplets from floors or surfaces. Use a piece of paper or thin plastic card to collect the mercury droplets into a plastic or glass container. The broken thermometer can also be placed inside. Seal the container tightly.

The China Science Communication Center warns against pouring collected mercury down the drain to avoid groundwater contamination. It is recommended to hand it over to community hazardous waste management personnel.

People should avoid staying in the room where the thermometer broke. Opening windows for ventilation for about two days can reduce indoor mercury vapor to safe levels.

破碎体温计释放汞是否能够引起人的急性中毒？

日常使用的一支标准水银体温计约含有1g的汞，如果破碎后汞全部蒸发，可使一间面积15平方米、3米高的房间空气汞浓度达到22.2mg/m³。但也不必惊慌，如果能及时收集散落汞珠，加上一定时间的开窗通风，是不会对人体造成健康影响的。

中国疾控中心官方账号曾刊载中国疾控中心职业卫生所专家文章指出，从既往临床实践看，体温计破碎不会引起重度中毒。

An article by experts from the National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC), stated that, based on past clinical practice, breaking a thermometer does not typically cause severe mercury poisoning.

没有了含汞体温计、血压计，我们该用什么测体温和血压呢？

业内专家表示，电子体温计将逐步代替水银体温计，而电子血压计因其操作简单、便于携带，也越来越受到消费者的欢迎。

你觉得哪种体温计最好用？欢迎评论区留言分享。

来源：中国青年报 央视网 中国疾控中心 科普中国等

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