再这么擦，你的眼镜就离“报废”不远了

你平时怎么清洁眼镜？用衣角随手一擦、对着镜片哈一口气再用纸巾抹干，或是直接用镜布来回擦拭？这些看似利落的动作，可能在不知不觉中伤害你的镜片。

眼镜不只是一对玻璃镜片，更多的是以高分子材料为基材，覆盖着多层精密光学镀膜的科技产品。对待它，也需要一点科学的呵护。

How do you usually clean your glasses? Do you wipe them with your clothes, breathe on the lenses and rub them with a tissue, or quickly swipe them with a cloth? These habits may seem harmless but can quietly damage your lenses. Modern glasses are more than simple glass — they're made of polymers with multiple precision coatings, and caring for them takes a bit of science.

那么，眼镜到底该怎么清洁呢？

图源：CFP

你的镜片，其实挺“娇气”的

现在的镜片更多的是用更轻、透光更好的高分子材料（polymer materials），比如树脂。它表面覆盖着好几层精细的镀膜，每一层都有各自的用处：

增透膜：减少反光，提高透光率，降低镜片的散射率，看东西更清晰。

防静电膜：防止灰尘、绒毛、纸屑等轻易粘在镜片上。

防水防油膜：让水滴和油污不容易附着，一擦就掉。

耐磨膜：作为最外面一层，负责抵抗日常使用中的小刮擦。

Modern lenses are protected by several coatings that each serve a purpose. Anti-reflection layers reduce glare and scattering for clearer vision. Anti-static films keep dust and fibers away, while water- and oil-repellent coatings prevent smudges and make cleaning easier. A wear-resistant layer on the outside adds protection against everyday scratches.

图源：Rollro.com

这些膜层一旦损坏，眼镜就不只是“看不清”那么简单：

清晰度下降：可能出现散射光、重影、雾感或者眩光。

眼睛更容易累：你会不自觉更用力去看，时间一长，眼睛容易酸胀、干涩，甚至头痛。

镜片寿命变短：镀膜一旦损坏了，镜片基本就报废了，就得换新的。

Once these coatings are damaged, however, clarity quickly declines — scattered light, double vision, haze or glare may appear, and eyes tire more easily, causing dryness, fatigue or headaches. Since coatings cannot be repaired, damaged lenses soon become unusable and must be replaced.

这些常见清洁误区，可能你正在做

①用衣服、纸巾干擦

这是最伤镜片的行为之一。镜片上的灰尘就像小沙子，直接干擦，无异于用砂纸磨镀膜。

②随便用酒精、洗洁精擦拭

这些东西虽然能去油，但长期用会腐蚀镀膜。即便是低浓度酒精的清洁棉片，也不建议天天用。

图源：CFP

③用水冲完不擦干

冲水可以冲掉灰尘，但如果不及时擦干，水垢残留会让镜片越来越糊。

④从来不清洗眼镜盒

眼镜盒用久了里面也会积灰藏菌，干净的眼镜放进去，没一会儿又脏了。

Many everyday cleaning habits can harm your glasses. Wiping lenses with clothes or tissues grinds in dust like sandpaper, scratching the coatings. Alcohol or household detergents may remove oil at first, but over time they corrode protective layers — even low-concentration alcohol pads aren't safe for daily use. Rinsing with water but leaving lenses to air-dry allows mineral deposits to cloud vision, while a neglected glasses case can quickly reintroduce dust and bacteria to freshly cleaned lenses.

图源：AI制作

这样清洁，眼镜更耐用

首选眼镜专用清洁剂，中性配方更温和。选择无酒精、无氨、无香精的中性清洁剂，这类清洁剂专为镜片镀膜设计，能有效去除油污和灰尘，同时不会腐蚀镀膜。

图源：AI制作

冲洗时用流动的清水，不要用热水或冰水。清水的作用是冲掉镜片表面的灰尘颗粒，避免干擦时颗粒划伤镀膜。

图源：AI制作

定期用小刷子和洗洁精清理眼镜盒。准备一支小毛刷和中性洗洁精，用于定期清洁眼镜盒。

To keep glasses in good condition, use special eyeglass cleaners that are neutral, alcohol-free, ammonia-free, and fragrance-free. Rinse lenses with room-temperature water before wiping, and avoid hot or icy water. Clean the glasses case regularly with a small brush and mild detergent.

图源：AI制作

四个保养眼镜小习惯

①摘戴眼镜时用双手

很多人习惯用单手摘戴眼镜，这样会导致金属镜框变形，镜片与镜框的贴合度下降，容易进灰尘。正确做法是“双手分别握住镜框两侧，轻轻摘戴”。

②不戴眼镜时放入眼镜盒

避免将眼镜随意放在桌面、口袋或包里，防止被硬物划伤。也不要将眼镜和钥匙、手机等硬物放在一起，容易被碰撞导致镜片破碎、镜框变形。

③避免长时间暴晒

高温会导致镜片镀膜受热变形、脱落，镜框也会因高温老化、变色。

④定期检查眼镜

每隔1-2个月，检查镜片是否有划痕、镀膜是否有脱落、镜框是否有变形。如果发现镜片有明显划痕，影响视物，应及时更换镜片，避免加重视觉疲劳。

Always use both hands when putting on or taking off glasses to prevent bending the frame or loosening lenses. Store glasses in a case instead of leaving them on tables, in pockets, or near hard objects, and avoid prolonged sun exposure, which can warp coatings or discolor frames. Check lenses and frames every one to two months, and replace damaged lenses promptly to protect your vision.

图源：AI制作

一副清晰舒适的眼镜，不仅依靠精准的验光与优质的镜片，更离不开日常的细致维护。改变一个小习惯，或许就能延长眼镜的寿命，也让你的视野长久清晰。

编辑：左卓

见习编辑：裴禧盈

实习生：徐苗苗

来源：科普中国 北京科学中心

China Daily精读计划

每天20分钟，英语全面提升！