AIX技术 | 如何在AIX上使用yum安装开源软件

由于开源软件包的依赖关系比较复杂，曾使得在AIX上安装开源软件比较麻烦，对于RPM包依赖问题，用户往往需要花费大量时间，去Perzl的网站下载相关开源包的依赖关系，以解决依赖问题：

http://www.perzl.org/aix/index.php?n=FAQs.FAQs

AIX自2016引入了yum用以自动处理依赖关系以来，RPM依赖问题即迎刃而解。了解Redhat Linux，对yum亦不陌生。以下即为在AIX上安装、配置yum的操作过程：

1

建议AIX版本

• AIX 6.1 TL9 SP6 或更新版本

• AIX 7.1 TL4 或更新版本

• AIX 7.2 或更新版本

2

确认AIX上RPM的版本

确认rpm.rte版本不低于4.13.0.3：

1. # lslpp -l rpm.rte

2. Fileset Level State Description

3. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

4. Path: /usr/lib/objrepos

5. rpm.rte 4.13.0.3 COMMITTED RPM Package Manager

7. Path: /etc/objrepos

8. rpm.rte 4.13.0.3 COMMITTED RPM Package Manager

安装/升级rpm.rte的方法为smitty install_latest/update_all. rpm.rte，下载地址如下：

https://ftp.software.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/INSTALLP/ppc/

3

安装yum包

下载最新yum包并解压，rpm -Uvh *.rpm安装。

yum依赖包下载地址：

https://public.dhe.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/ezinstall/ppc/

1. # tar -xvf yum_bundle_v6.tar

2. x ca-certificates-2016.10.7-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 214726 bytes, 420 tape blocks

3. x curl-7.52.1-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 533288 bytes, 1042 tape blocks

4. x db-4.8.24-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 2897799 bytes, 5660 tape blocks

5. x gdbm-1.8.3-5.aix5.2.ppc.rpm, 56991 bytes, 112 tape blocks

6. x gettext-0.19.7-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 4036762 bytes, 7885 tape blocks

7. x glib2-2.14.6-2.aix5.2.ppc.rpm, 1686134 bytes, 3294 tape blocks

8. x pysqlite-1.1.7-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 51749 bytes, 102 tape blocks

9. x python-2.7.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 23333701 bytes, 45574 tape blocks

10. x python-devel-2.7.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 15366474 bytes, 30013 tape blocks

11. x python-iniparse-0.4-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm, 37912 bytes, 75 tape blocks

12. x python-pycurl-7.19.3-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 162093 bytes, 317 tape blocks

13. x python-tools-2.7.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 830446 bytes, 1622 tape blocks

14. x python-urlgrabber-3.10.1-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm, 158584 bytes, 310 tape blocks

15. x readline-6.1-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 489547 bytes, 957 tape blocks

16. x sqlite-3.15.2-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 3570302 bytes, 6974 tape blocks

17. x yum-3.4.3-8.aix6.1.noarch.rpm, 1385622 bytes, 2707 tape blocks

18. x yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm, 62283 bytes, 122 tape blocks

19. # ls -lrt

20. total 214512

21. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 4036762 Feb 25 2017 gettext-0.19.7-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

22. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 56991 Feb 25 2017 gdbm-1.8.3-5.aix5.2.ppc.rpm

23. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 2897799 Feb 25 2017 db-4.8.24-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

24. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 533288 Feb 25 2017 curl-7.52.1-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

25. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 51749 Feb 25 2017 pysqlite-1.1.7-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

26. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 1686134 Feb 25 2017 glib2-2.14.6-2.aix5.2.ppc.rpm

27. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 3570302 Feb 25 2017 sqlite-3.15.2-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

28. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 489547 Feb 25 2017 readline-6.1-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

29. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 158584 Feb 25 2017 python-urlgrabber-3.10.1-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm

30. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 830446 Feb 25 2017 python-tools-2.7.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

31. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 162093 Feb 25 2017 python-pycurl-7.19.3-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

32. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 37912 Feb 25 2017 python-iniparse-0.4-1.aix6.1.noarch.rpm

33. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 15366474 Feb 25 2017 python-devel-2.7.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

34. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 23333701 Feb 25 2017 python-2.7.10-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

35. -rw-r----- 1 sshd staff 62283 Feb 25 2017 yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

36. -rw-r--r-- 1 sshd staff 214726 May 12 2017 ca-certificates-2016.10.7-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

37. -rw-r----- 1 root system 1385622 Dec 4 22:59 yum-3.4.3-8.aix6.1.noarch.rpm

38. -rw-r----- 1 root system 54896640 Apr 2 17:53 yum_bundle_v6.tar

40. # rpm -Uvh *.rpm

41. Preparing... ################################# [100%]

42. Updating / installing...

43. 1:readline-6.1-2 ################################# [ 6%]

44. 2:sqlite-3.15.2-1 ################################# [ 12%]

45. /

46. 3:gettext-0.19.7-1 ################################# [ 18%]

47. add libintl.so.1 (32bits) shared member to /opt/freeware/lib/libintl.a

48. add libintl.so.1 (64bits) shared member to /opt/freeware/lib/libintl.a

49. /

50. 4:glib2-2.14.6-2 ################################# [ 24%]

51. 5:yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-2 ################################# [ 29%]

52. 6:gdbm-1.8.3-5 ################################# [ 35%]

53. 7:db-4.8.24-3 ################################# [ 41%]

54. 8:python-2.7.10-1 ################################# [ 47%]

55. 9:pysqlite-1.1.7-2 ################################# [ 53%]

56. 10:python-iniparse-0.4-1 ################################# [ 59%]

57. 11:ca-certificates-2016.10.7-2 ################################# [ 65%]

58. 12:curl-7.52.1-1 ################################# [ 71%]

59. 13:python-pycurl-7.19.3-1 ################################# [ 76%]

60. 14:python-urlgrabber-3.10.1-1 ################################# [ 82%]

61. 15:yum-3.4.3-8 ################################# [ 88%]

62. 16:python-devel-2.7.10-1 ################################# [ 94%]

63. 17:python-tools-2.7.10-1 ################################# [100%]

4

yum安装源配置

AIX环境安装完yum后，yum配置文件存放在/opt/freeware/etc/yum/yum.conf，其默认的安装源地址为：

https://anonymous:anonymous@public.dhe.ibm.com/aix/freeSoftware/aixtoolbox/RPMS/

考虑到大部分AIX部署的环境通常与外网有隔离，建议使用下载工具按上述安装源地址一次性下载所有安装包，在本地配置http/ftp服务，然后修改配置文件/opt/freeware/etc/yum/yum.conf，选择本地安装源。本次示例使用的即是本地安装源。

1. # cat /opt/freeware/etc/yum/yum.conf

2. [main]

3. cachedir=/var/cache/yum

4. keepcache=1

5. debuglevel=2

6. logfile=/var/log/yum.log

7. exactarch=1

8. obsoletes=1

9. plugins=1

11. [AIX_Toolbox]

12. name=AIX generic repository

13. baseurl=ftp://anonymous:anonymous@172.16.10.10/os/aix/aixtoolbox/RPMS/ppc/

14. enabled=1

15. gpgcheck=0

17. [AIX_Toolbox_noarch]

18. name=AIX noarch repository

19. baseurl=ftp://anonymous:anonymous@172.16.10.10/os/aix/aixtoolbox/RPMS/noarch/

20. enabled=1

21. gpgcheck=0

23. [AIX_Toolbox_72]

24. name=AIX 7.2 specific repository

25. baseurl=ftp://anonymous:anonymous@172.16.10.10/os/aix/aixtoolbox/RPMS/ppc-7.2/

26. enabled=1

27. gpgcheck=0

5

安装软件

接下来的一切与Linux环境没有太大差别，下面为安装gcc/gcc-c++/gcc-go的示例：

1. # yum repolist

2. repo id repo name status

3. AIX_Toolbox AIX generic repository 2,561

4. AIX_Toolbox_72 AIX 7.2 specific repository 172

5. AIX_Toolbox_noarch AIX noarch repository 236

6. repolist:2,969

8. # yum install gcc

9. Setting up InstallProcess

10. ResolvingDependencies

11. -->Running transaction check

12. --->Package gcc.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

13. -->ProcessingDependency: libgcc =8.3.0-2forpackage: gcc-8.3.0-2.ppc

14. -->ProcessingDependency: gcc-cpp =8.3.0-2forpackage: gcc-8.3.0-2.ppc

15. -->ProcessingDependency: info forpackage: gcc-8.3.0-2.ppc

16. -->ProcessingDependency: libiconv.a(libiconv.so.2)forpackage: gcc-8.3.0-2.ppc

17. -->Running transaction check

18. --->Package gcc-cpp.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

19. -->ProcessingDependency: mpfr >=4.0.2forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

20. -->ProcessingDependency: libmpc >=1.1.0forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

21. -->ProcessingDependency: zlib >=1.2.3-3forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

22. -->ProcessingDependency: gmp >=6.1.2forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

23. -->ProcessingDependency: libmpc.a(libmpc.so.3)forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

24. -->ProcessingDependency: libmpfr.a(libmpfr.so.6)forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

25. -->ProcessingDependency: libgmp.a(libgmp.so.10)forpackage: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc

26. --->Package info.ppc 0:6.6-2 will be installed

27. -->ProcessingDependency: ncurses >=6.1-2forpackage: info-6.6-2.ppc

28. -->ProcessingDependency: gettext >=0.19.8.1-4forpackage: info-6.6-2.ppc

29. -->ProcessingDependency: libncurses.a(libncurses.so.6)forpackage: info-6.6-2.ppc

30. --->Package libgcc.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

31. --->Package libiconv.ppc 0:1.16-1 will be installed

32. -->Running transaction check

33. --->Package gettext.ppc 0:0.19.7-1 will be updated

34. --->Package gettext.ppc 0:0.19.8.1-5 will be an update

35. -->ProcessingDependency: glib2 >=2.56.1-2forpackage: gettext-0.19.8.1-5.ppc

36. -->ProcessingDependency: libunistring >=0.9.9-2forpackage: gettext-0.19.8.1-5.ppc

37. -->ProcessingDependency: libxml2 >=2.9.7forpackage: gettext-0.19.8.1-5.ppc

38. -->ProcessingDependency: libunistring.a(libunistring.so.2)forpackage: gettext-0.19.8.1-5.ppc

39. --->Package gmp.ppc 0:6.1.2-1 will be installed

40. -->ProcessingDependency: libstdc++>=4.2.3-2forpackage: gmp-6.1.2-1.ppc

41. -->ProcessingDependency: libstdc++.a(libstdc++.so.6)forpackage: gmp-6.1.2-1.ppc

42. --->Package libmpc.ppc 0:1.1.0-1 will be installed

43. --->Package mpfr.ppc 0:4.0.2-2 will be installed

44. --->Package ncurses.ppc 0:6.2-1 will be installed

45. --->Package zlib.ppc 0:1.2.11-1 will be installed

46. -->Running transaction check

47. --->Package glib2.ppc 0:2.14.6-2 will be updated

48. --->Package glib2.ppc 0:2.56.1-2 will be an update

49. -->ProcessingDependency: libffi >=3.0.10-1forpackage: glib2-2.56.1-2.ppc

50. -->ProcessingDependency: libffi.a(libffi.so.6)forpackage: glib2-2.56.1-2.ppc

51. --->Package libstdc++.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

52. --->Package libunistring.ppc 0:0.9.9-2 will be installed

53. --->Package libxml2.ppc 0:2.9.9-1 will be installed

54. -->ProcessingDependency: xz-libs >=5.2.2-1forpackage: libxml2-2.9.9-1.ppc

55. -->ProcessingDependency: liblzma.a(liblzma.so.5)forpackage: libxml2-2.9.9-1.ppc

56. -->Running transaction check

57. --->Package libffi.ppc 0:3.2.1-3 will be installed

58. --->Package xz-libs.ppc 0:5.2.5-1 will be installed

59. -->FinishedDependencyResolution

61. DependenciesResolved

63. ===============================================================================================================================================

64. PackageArchVersionRepositorySize

65. ===============================================================================================================================================

66. Installing:

67. gcc ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 28 M

68. Installingfor dependencies:

69. gcc-cpp ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 10 M

70. gmp ppc 6.1.2-1 AIX_Toolbox 1.6 M

71. info ppc 6.6-2 AIX_Toolbox 664 k

72. libffi ppc 3.2.1-3 AIX_Toolbox 47 k

73. libgcc ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 977 k

74. libiconv ppc 1.16-1 AIX_Toolbox 1.6 M

75. libmpc ppc 1.1.0-1 AIX_Toolbox 224 k

76. libstdc++ ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 12 M

77. libunistring ppc 0.9.9-2 AIX_Toolbox 1.5 M

78. libxml2 ppc 2.9.9-1 AIX_Toolbox 5.4 M

79. mpfr ppc 4.0.2-2 AIX_Toolbox 1.9 M

80. ncurses ppc 6.2-1 AIX_Toolbox 3.5 M

81. xz-libs ppc 5.2.5-1 AIX_Toolbox 540 k

82. zlib ppc 1.2.11-1 AIX_Toolbox 174 k

83. Updatingfor dependencies:

84. gettext ppc 0.19.8.1-5 AIX_Toolbox 7.6 M

85. glib2 ppc 2.56.1-2 AIX_Toolbox 28 M

87. TransactionSummary

88. ===============================================================================================================================================

89. Install15Packages

90. Upgrade2Packages

92. Total download size:104 M

93. Isthis ok [y/N]: y

94. DownloadingPackages:

95. (1/17): gcc-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |28 MB 00:00:02

96. (2/17): gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |10 MB 00:00:00

97. (3/17): gettext-0.19.8.1-5.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |7.6 MB 00:00:00

98. (4/17): glib2-2.56.1-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |28 MB 00:00:02

99. (5/17): gmp-6.1.2-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |1.6 MB 00:00:00

100. (6/17): info-6.6-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |664 kB 00:00:00

101. (7/17): libffi-3.2.1-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |47 kB 00:00:00

102. (8/17): libgcc-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |977 kB 00:00:00

103. (9/17): libiconv-1.16-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |1.6 MB 00:00:00

104. (10/17): libmpc-1.1.0-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |224 kB 00:00:00

105. (11/17): libstdcplusplus-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |12 MB 00:00:01

106. (12/17): libunistring-0.9.9-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |1.5 MB 00:00:00

107. (13/17): libxml2-2.9.9-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |5.4 MB 00:00:00

108. (14/17): mpfr-4.0.2-2.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |1.9 MB 00:00:00

109. (15/17): ncurses-6.2-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |3.5 MB 00:00:00

110. (16/17): xz-libs-5.2.5-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |540 kB 00:00:00

111. (17/17): zlib-1.2.11-1.aix6.1.ppc.rpm |174 kB 00:00:00

112. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

113. Total10 MB/s |104 MB 00:10

114. RunningTransactionCheck

115. RunningTransactionTest

116. TransactionTestSucceeded

117. RunningTransaction

118. Installing: libgcc-8.3.0-2.ppc1/19

119. Installing: zlib-1.2.11-1.ppc2/19

120. Installing: libstdc++-8.3.0-2.ppc3/19

121. Installing: gmp-6.1.2-1.ppc4/19

122. Installing: mpfr-4.0.2-2.ppc5/19

123. Installing: ncurses-6.2-1.ppc6/19

124. Installing: libmpc-1.1.0-1.ppc7/19

125. Installing: xz-libs-5.2.5-1.ppc8/19

126. Installing: libffi-3.2.1-3.ppc9/19

127. Installing: libiconv-1.16-1.ppc10/19

128. add shr4.o shared members from/usr/lib/libiconv.a to /opt/freeware/lib/libiconv.a

129. add shr.o shared members from/usr/lib/libiconv.a to /opt/freeware/lib/libiconv.a

130. add shr4_64.o shared members from/usr/lib/libiconv.a to /opt/freeware/lib/libiconv.a

131. /

132. Installing: libxml2-2.9.9-1.ppc11/19

133. Updating: glib2-2.56.1-2.ppc12/19

134. Installing: libunistring-0.9.9-2.ppc13/19

135. Updating: gettext-0.19.8.1-5.ppc14/19

136. Installing: info-6.6-2.ppc15/19

137. Please check that /etc/info-dir does exist.

138. You might have to rename it from/etc/info-dir.rpmsave to /etc/info-dir.

139. Installing: gcc-8.3.0-2.ppc16/19

140. Installing: gcc-cpp-8.3.0-2.ppc17/19

141. Cleanup: glib2-2.14.6-2.ppc18/19

142. Cleanup: gettext-0.19.7-1.ppc19/19

143. Ignore the error about AIX-rpm dependency since the older libintl.a is already preserved and will be reverted back

145. Installed:

146. gcc.ppc 0:8.3.0-2

148. DependencyInstalled:

149. gcc-cpp.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 gmp.ppc 0:6.1.2-1 info.ppc 0:6.6-2 libffi.ppc 0:3.2.1-3 libgcc.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 libiconv.ppc 0:1.16-1

150. libmpc.ppc 0:1.1.0-1 libstdc++.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 libunistring.ppc 0:0.9.9-2 libxml2.ppc 0:2.9.9-1 mpfr.ppc 0:4.0.2-2 ncurses.ppc 0:6.2-1

151. xz-libs.ppc 0:5.2.5-1 zlib.ppc 0:1.2.11-1

153. DependencyUpdated:

154. gettext.ppc 0:0.19.8.1-5 glib2.ppc 0:2.56.1-2

156. Complete!

158. # yum install gcc-c++

159. Setting up InstallProcess

160. ResolvingDependencies

161. -->Running transaction check

162. --->Package gcc-c++.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

163. -->ProcessingDependency: libstdc++-devel =8.3.0-2forpackage: gcc-c++-8.3.0-2.ppc

164. -->Running transaction check

165. --->Package libstdc++-devel.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

166. -->FinishedDependencyResolution

168. DependenciesResolved

170. ===============================================================================================================================================

171. PackageArchVersionRepositorySize

172. ===============================================================================================================================================

173. Installing:

174. gcc-c++ ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 11 M

175. Installingfor dependencies:

176. libstdc++-devel ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 3.3 M

178. TransactionSummary

179. ===============================================================================================================================================

180. Install2Packages

182. Total download size:15 M

183. Installed size:15 M

184. Isthis ok [y/N]: y

185. DownloadingPackages:

186. (1/2): gcc-cplusplus-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |11 MB 00:00:01

187. (2/2): libstdcplusplus-devel-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |3.3 MB 00:00:00

188. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

189. Total10 MB/s |15 MB 00:01

190. RunningTransactionCheck

191. RunningTransactionTest

192. TransactionTestSucceeded

193. RunningTransaction

194. Installing: libstdc++-devel-8.3.0-2.ppc1/2

195. Installing: gcc-c++-8.3.0-2.ppc2/2

197. Installed:

198. gcc-c++.ppc 0:8.3.0-2

200. DependencyInstalled:

201. libstdc++-devel.ppc 0:8.3.0-2

203. Complete!

205. # yum install gcc-go

206. Setting up InstallProcess

207. ResolvingDependencies

208. -->Running transaction check

209. --->Package gcc-go.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

210. -->ProcessingDependency: libgo-devel =8.3.0-2forpackage: gcc-go-8.3.0-2.ppc

211. -->ProcessingDependency: libgo =8.3.0-2forpackage: gcc-go-8.3.0-2.ppc

212. -->ProcessingDependency: libgo.a(libgo.so.13)forpackage: gcc-go-8.3.0-2.ppc

213. -->Running transaction check

214. --->Package libgo.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

215. --->Package libgo-devel.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 will be installed

216. -->FinishedDependencyResolution

218. DependenciesResolved

220. ===============================================================================================================================================

221. PackageArchVersionRepositorySize

222. ===============================================================================================================================================

223. Installing:

224. gcc-go ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 47 M

225. Installingfor dependencies:

226. libgo ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 62 M

227. libgo-devel ppc 8.3.0-2 AIX_Toolbox_72 1.5 M

229. TransactionSummary

230. ===============================================================================================================================================

231. Install3Packages

233. Total download size:111 M

234. Installed size:111 M

235. Isthis ok [y/N]: y

236. DownloadingPackages:

237. (1/3): gcc-go-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |47 MB 00:00:04

238. (2/3): libgo-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |62 MB 00:00:05

239. (3/3): libgo-devel-8.3.0-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm |1.5 MB 00:00:00

240. -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

241. Total11 MB/s |111 MB 00:10

242. RunningTransactionCheck

243. RunningTransactionTest

244. TransactionTestSucceeded

245. RunningTransaction

246. Installing: libgo-8.3.0-2.ppc1/3

247. Installing: libgo-devel-8.3.0-2.ppc2/3

248. Installing: gcc-go-8.3.0-2.ppc3/3

250. Installed:

251. gcc-go.ppc 0:8.3.0-2

253. DependencyInstalled:

254. libgo.ppc 0:8.3.0-2 libgo-devel.ppc 0:8.3.0-2

256. Complete!

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