最新版新概念英语一语法之宾语从句

在最新版新概念英语一lesson75中我们第一次接触了宾语从句，之后我们学习的内容逐渐丰富，下面我们做一次总结：

一、基本讲解

1　概念:在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg,Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)

HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)

MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)

2.连接词

(1).陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。

e.g,Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.

(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序

eg,Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.

注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。

a.当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if

eg,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.

b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.

eg,Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.

Couldyoutellmewhetherugoornot?

c.if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.

(3).特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。

E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematter\wrongwithyou?

特殊情况：：当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为引导词＋doyouthink＋陈述句语序。

3.宾语从句时态

a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：

Doyouknow（if/whetherhehasseenthefilm）?

b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：

Ididn'tknow（if/whetherhehadseenthefilm.）

注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如：

Hesaid（thattheearthmovesroundthesun.）

Theteachertoldus（thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.）

4.、人称的变化和标点的使用

a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：

“MayIuseyourknife？”Heaskedme.

→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.

“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？”Heaskedme.

→HeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.

b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：

Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.

Doyouknow？Wheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?

二、宾语从句的转化

1.2.当主句谓语动词是hope，wish，decide，forget，plan，agree等，且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如：

Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.

→Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.

2.当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”。例如：

Idon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.→Idon'tknowwhichsweatertobuy.

3.当主句的谓语动词是ask，tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词＋不定式结构”,或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词＋不定式”结构。如：→Couldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?

4.当主句谓语动词是find，see，watch，hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：

Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.

→Shefoundthewalletlie/lyingontheground.

时态的呼应也叫时态的一致，是指在复合句中，某些从句（主要是宾语从句等名词性从句）的时态常受主句时态的影响，因而要注意主从句两部分的时态呼应。

（1）主句是现在时态或将来时时，从句可以用任何所需要的时态。

Hesayshisfatheris/was/willbeateacher.他说他父亲是（过去是，将来要做）一个教师。

Theywilltellyouthattheyareliving/lived/willlive/havelivedinshanghai.他们会告诉你他们正住在上海/在上海住过/将住在上海/一直住在上海。

（2）主句是过去时态时，从句的时态要注意下列几点：

A.从句与主句动作同时发生，从句须用一般过去时或过去进行时。

Ithoughthestudiedhard.我认为他学习努力。

HetoldmehissonwaswatchingTV.他告诉我他儿子在看电视。

B.从句动作发生在主句动作之后，从句须用过去将来时。例如：

Hesaidhewouldposttheletter.他说他将要寄这封信。

TheydidnotknowwhentheywouldgototheGreatWall.他们不知道什么时候去参观长城。

C.从句动作发生在主句动作之前，从句须用过去完成时。例如：

Hesaidhehadpostedtheletter。他说已经把信发了。

TheyaskedmewhetherIhadbeentherebefore.他们问我以前去没去过那里。

但是，如果从句有具体的过去时间状语，尽管从句动作发生在主句动作之前，有时仍用一般过去时。例如：

Shetoldmeherbrotherdiedin1960.她告诉我她哥哥1960年去世的。

Theysaidtheycheckedeverythingyesterday.他们说昨天他们全部检查过了。

另外，从句说的是一般真理或客观事实，即使主句用过去时态，从句仍用一般现在时。例如：

Theteachertoldthepupilsthattheearthisround.老师告诉学生们地球是圆的。

Somebodytoldmeyouareawriter.有人告诉我你是个作家。

除了宾语从句外，其他名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句）一般也要遵守这种时态呼应的规律。而状语从句和定语从句则是根据本身意思的需要选用适当的时态。例如：

Hesawtheboywhosemotherisourteacher.他见过那个他妈妈是我们老师的男孩。

Itwasnotsohotyesterdayasitistoday.昨天没有今天这样热。

宾语从句专项习题

巩固练习

1.Haveyoudecided________forAustralia?

A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleave

C.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave

2.Canyoutellme_________?

A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives

3.Theoldmanaskedme________.

A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinema

C.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema

4.Ithink_______youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how

5.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how

6.Iwonder_________.

A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescost

C.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost

7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis

8.Askhim___.

A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup

9.Idon’tknow_________.

A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovie

C.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts

10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.

A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill

11.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_________.

A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrow

C.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow

12.Doyouknow_________?

A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisis

C.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto

13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________?

A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape

14.Theywanttoknow_________?

A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyou

C.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying

15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.

A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstocking

B.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking

C.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking

D.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking

16.Nooneknows___theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.

A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if

17.Julydidn’tknow_________.

A.whereisTim’sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmade

C.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch

18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.

A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo

19.Wedon’tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.

A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo

20.Heaskedme_________.

A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoney

B.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoney

C.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundout

D.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney

21.Didyouhear______?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay

22.Canyoutellme________?

A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouin

C.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass

23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______?---Certainly.

A.whencanIgettothestationB.Icangettowhichstation

C.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation

24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterday?

A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent

25.Tomaskedme________.

A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswas

C.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas

26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?

A.where’stheteachers’officeB.where’sthebusstation

C.what’sshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis

27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon’tknow_______.

A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive

28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon’tknow_______.

A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelives

C.whereishelivingD.helivesthere

29.---Canyoutellme______?---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.

A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid

30.Haveyoudecided______forLondon?

A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleave

C.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing

31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______ourtickets?

A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow

32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?---Weareallinterestedin______.

A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry

33.Doyouknow_______?A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit

34.Doyouknow_______?

A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.who’sbookthisis

35.Idon’tknow______now.

A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatisD.wheremycat

36.Doesheknow______?

A.what’syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis

37.Doyouknow______?

A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorheliveson

C.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson

38.Tellmewhere____?A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis

39.Hehasn’tdecided_______.

A.ifhe’llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxi

C.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi

40.Canyousee________?

A.whathe’sreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat

能力提高练习

1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．

A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If

2.Idon'tknow_________thedayaftertomorrow.

A.whendoeshecomeB.howwillhecomeC.ifhecomesD.whetherhe'llcome

3.Couldyoutellme____thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where

4.Couldyoutellme_________theradiowithoutanyhelp?

A.howdidhemendB.whatdidhemendC.howhemendedD.whathemended

5.Iwanttoknow_________.

A.whomisshelookingafterB.whomsheislooking

C.whomisshelookingD.whomsheislookingafter

6.Doyouknowwhere_________now?

A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive

7.Doyouknowwhattime_________?

A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves

8.Idon'tknow_________.Canyoutellme,please?

A.howthetwoplayersareoldB.howoldarethetwoplayers

C.thetwoplayersarehowoldD.howoldthetwoplayersare

9.Thesmallchildrendon'tknow_________.

A.whatistheirstockingsinB.whatisintheirstockings

C.whereistheirstockingsinD.whatintheirstockings

10.Ican'tunderstand_____.A.whatdoesChristmasmeanB.whatChristmasdoesmean

C.whatmeanChristmasdoesD.whatChristmasmeans

11.Idon’tknow_____hewillbebackhome.A.whoB.what　C.when　D.where

12.Couldyoutellme___________?

A.wheredoyouliveB.whoyouarewaitingfor

C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein

13.Doyoustillremember_______?

A.thathesaidB.whathesaid　C.didhesaythat　D.whatdidhesay

14.Ican’tunderstand______theboyalone.

A.whysheleftB.whydidsheleave　C.whyshehadleft　D.whyhadsheleft

15.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.A.riseB.rose　C.rises　D.hadrisen

16.Theytriedtofindout______thenewtrain________.

A.howfar/hadgoneB.howlong/hasgoneC.howfar/went　D.howfar/hadrun

17.Themanagercameuptosee__________.

A.whatwasthematterB.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what’sthematter

18.Canyoutellme___________?

A.whatareyoudoingB.wheredoyoustudyC.whatyouweredoingD.whattodoit

19.Heaskedhisfather_______.

A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappenC.howithappenedD.howdidithappen

20.Noonetellsus______，soweneedyourhelp.

A.howweshoulddoB.whatshouldwedoC.howtodoitD.whattodoit

21.Couldyoupleaseteachme_______thecomputer.

A.howcheckB.tocheckC.howtocheckD.tohowchecking

22._______he‘llcomeornotisn‘timportant.A.WhyB.IfC.WhetherD.What

23.Wouldyouliketoknow____theywilldoitornot.A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.why

24.─Wheredoyouthink_____he____theTVset?─Sorry，I’venoidea.

A./;boughtB.has;boughtC.did;buyD.didbought

25.Ourhomeworkhaschangedalot.Whocantell_____itwouldbelikein_____fiveyears.

A.how;anotherB.what;moreC.how;otherD.what;another

26.─Couldyoutellme______?─Yes.He____totheUSA.

A.whereishe/hasbeenB.whereheis/hasgone

C.wherewashe/hasbeenD.wherehewas/hasgone

27.─Mikewantstoknowif____apicnictomorrow.

─Yes.Butifit_______，we’llvisitthemuseuminstead.

A.youhave;willrainB.youwillhave;willrain

C.youwillhave;rainsD.willyouhave;rains

28.Idon’tknowifhe______tomorrow.Ifhe________，I’llmeethim.

A.willcome;comesB.comes;comesC.willcome;willcomeD.comes;willcome

29.Ireallydon’tknowifshe_______itwhenshe________.

A.finds;arrivesB.finds;willarriveC.willfind;willarriveD.willfind;arrives

30.Canyoumakesure_______.thegoldring?

A.whereAlicehasputB.wherehadAliceput

C.whereAlicehadputD.wherehasAliceput

31.---WhenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork?--Pardon?---Iasked_______.

A.whenaretheShutesleavingforNewYork

B.whentheShutesareleavingforNewYork

C.whenweretheShutesleavingforNewYork

D.whentheShuteswereleavingforNewYork

32.Couldyoutellme______?Ihavesomethinginterestingtotellhim.

A.whereisLiHongB.whereLiHongis

C.wherewasLiHongD.whereLiHonghasbeento

33.---Couldyoutellme_______?

A.howmanypeoplehavebeenoutofhospitalB.whenisThanksgiving

C.whichanimaldoeshelikebestD.whattimewillthedolphinshowstart

34.Iwanttoknow_______.

A.whatishisnameB.what’shisnameC.thathisnameisD.whathisnameis

35.Heaskedme____.A.ifshewillcomeB.howmanybooksIwanttohave

C.theywouldhelpusdoitD.whatwaswrongwithme

36.Doyoustillremember______atthemeeting?

A.thatJimsaidB.whatJimsaidC.didJimsaidthatD.whatdidJimsaid

37.---Excuseme,______tothenearestbookshop,please?

---Gostraightandtakethesecondturningontheleft.

A.wherethewayisB.whichthewayisC.whereisthewayD.whichistheway

38.--CanIhelpyou?--Yes.IwantatickettoSuqian.Tellme______taketogetthere.

A.howsoonwillitB.howsoonitwillC.howlongitwillD.howlongwillit

39.---Ihearwe’llhaveanewteacherthisterm.---Really?Doyouknow______?

A.whatsubjectdoesheteachB.whatsubjectwillheteach

C.whatsubjectheteachesD.whatsubjectishegoingtoteach

40.Heaskedhisteacher_______.

A.iftherewasamonsterinLochNessB.whenwasAlbertEinsteinborn

C.howwouldthescientistsfindouttheresultD.wherecouldhefindthelibrary

41.Doyouknow______overthere?

A.whathappensB.whatwashappenedC.whatishappeningD.whatdidhappen

42.---Doyouknow______wewillarriveatyourhometown?---Thisafternoon.

A.whenB.whyC.ifD.where

43.Couldyoutellme______toMountPutuotomorrow?

A.howyouwillgoB.howwillyougoC.howyouhavegoneD.howhaveyougone

44.Couldyoutellme______?

A.whichroomhelivesB.whichroomhelived

C.whichroomdidheliveinD.whichroomhelivesin

45.---Doyouknow______heis?---Hesays“1.75meters”,butI’mnotsure.

A.howmanyB.howoldC.howfarD.howtall

46.Shesaidshe_______mefivelettersinonemonth.

A.haswrittenB.willwriteC.hadwrittenD.wrote

47.Canyoutellme______sheiswaitingfor?A.whyB.whoseC.whomD.which

48.Idon’tknow______hestillliveshere.A.whereB.whatC.whenD.whether

49.---Becareful!Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid,David?---Yes,mum.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.if

50.I’dliketoknow______.

A.whenwillhegivebackthetapeB.whetherhashereceivedhighereducation

C.thathehasbeenbusyD.whethershewilljoininourEnglishevening

51.Couldyoutellme_______?

A.whenshallwestartB.whoareyouwaitingfor

C.wherethebusstationisD.whywereyoulate

52.---Doyouknow_______?I’mgoingtoseehim.---Sorry,Idon’tknow.

A.wheredoesTomliveB.wheredidTomliveC.whereTomlivesD.whereTomlived

53.Heaskedme______.

A.whodidkickthefirstgoalintheWorldCupB.whenwastheAPECmeetingheld

C.whenChinabecameamemberoftheWTOD.wherewillthe2008Olympicsbeheld

54.Shewantedtoknow_____hermotherlikedthepresent.

A.whichB.thatC.ifD.what

55.Couldyoutellme_______?

A.whoissheB.where’sthenearestfastrestaurant

C.ifhewillcometomorrowD.whichwayistotheundergroundstation

56.Doyouknowif______backnextweek?Ifhe______back,pleaseletmeknow.

A.hecomes,willcomeB.willhecome,comes

C.hewillcome,comesD.willhecome,willcome

57.---Canyoutellmewhy______?---BecauseIwanttohelpthepeoplethere.

A.doyougotoTibetB.didyougotoTibet

C.areyougoingtoTibetD.youaregoingtoTibet

58.---Wheredoeshecomefrom?---Pardon?---Iaskedwhere______.

A.didhecomefromB.hecamefromC.hecomesfromD.doeshecomefrom

59.Youmustremember_______.

A.whatyourteachersaidB.whatdidyourteachersay

C.yourteachersaidwhatD.whathasyourteachersaid

60.Lilylikes_____.

A.whathertwinsisterlikeB.whathertwinsisterdoes

C.whatishertwinsisterlikeD.whatdoeshertwinsisterdo

61.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme______gettotheplane?

---Certainly.Gostraightalonghere.

A.howcanweB.howwecanC.whencanweD.whenwecan

62.Doyouknowwhattime_______?

A.doesthetrainleaveB.leavesthetrainC.thetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves

63.---Idon’tknow_____Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus?

---HewillhelpuswithourEnglish.

A.whyB.whenC.howD.where

1.Someofmyfriendsareinterestinginscience,butnoneofthemcantell_______..

A.whenUFOswillappearnexttimeB.whydohorsesknowtheway

C.wherewasthiskindofplantfoundD.howdoelephantscommunicate

2.---WhattimewillMr.BrownbebacktoChina?

----Sorry.Idon’tknow_______..

A.whendidhegoabroadB.whyheisgoingabroad

C.howsoonwillhebebackD.howlonghewillstayabroad

3.---MayIcomein?I’msorryIamlate.

----Comein,please.Butcouldyoupleasetellme_______.?

A.whyyouarelateagainB.whatwereyoudoingthen

C.whoyoutalkedwithD.howdoyoucometoschool

4.---Couldyoupleasetellme_______.?

----BusNo.32willtakeyourightthere.

A.whereisHenanMuseumB.whatHenanMuseumislike

C.howcanIgettoHenanMuseumD.whichbusIshalltaketoHenanMuseum

5.PetersaysthattheWhitesareonholiday,butnooneknows_______..

A.wheretheyhavebeenB.wherearethey

C.wherearetheyfromD.wheretheyhavegone

6.---Doyouknow_______.theCapitalMuseum?---NextFriday.

A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisit

C.whendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited

7.Hewantedtoknow_______.theEnglishparty.

A.whenwillwehaveB.whenwewillhave

C.whenwouldwehaveD.whenwewouldhave

8.Iwanttoknow_______..

A.whenweshouldarriveattheairportB.whenshouldwearriveattheairport

C.whentheairportweshouldarriveatD.whentheairportshouldwearriveat

9.---David,lookatthemaninwhiteoverthere.Canyoutellme_______.?

----Heisadoctor.

A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whatisheD.whatheis

10.---Couldyoutellme_______.?Heiswantedbytheheadteacher.

---Sorry,I’venoidea.Buthe_______herejustnow.

A.whereTim;wasB.whereisTim;wasC.whereTimis;wasD.whereTimis;is

11.---DidMrs.Kingleaveamessage?

---Yes.Shewantedtoknow_______thisSunday.

A.whoyouwouldgoshoppingB.ifyouwouldgoshoppingwithher

C.thatyouwillgoshoppingD.whenwillyougoshoppingwithher

12.---I’mateenager’smother.SometimesIdon’tknow.

----Loveandunderstanding.

A.whatmysonneedsmostB.whatdoesmysonwanttoget

C.whymysongetsannoyedveryoftenD.whydoesmysongetannoyedveryoften.

13.---Iwonder_______.withoutwater----Aboutaweek.

A.howlongmancanliveB.howlongcanmanlive

C.whenmancanliveD.whencanmanlive