法国Theodore Gouvy剧场

由专筑网王沛儒，李韧编译

由设计师提供的文字描述：Freyming-Merlebach是一个有着丰富工业历史的小镇，这里在19世纪由煤矿业发展带动。

Text description provided by the architects. Freyming-Merlebach is a town with a substantial industrial past, in a part of Lorraine that developed in the 19th century, driven by the coalmining industry.

自从20世纪90年代煤矿业关闭以来，法国东北部的这一地区的失业率急剧增加，文化被视为一种可能解决伴随社会和经济困难出现的问题解决方法。Freyming-Merlebach的剧院已经无法使用，地下隧道的废弃导致地面出现一些裂缝。有500个座位的旧礼堂需要更换，而且在现在看来它也太小了。

Since the closure of the mines in the 1990s, this part of north-eastern France has seen a sharp increase in unemployment, and culture is seen as one possibility for resolving the accompanying social and economic difficulties in the town, as has been the case in the neighbouring Ruhr region. The historic theatre in Freyming-Merlebach had deteriorated, and a number of cracks appeared as the result of disused underground tunnels. The old 500-seat auditorium needed to be replaced, and it had also become too small.

底层平面图/Ground Floor Plan

图解/Diagram Stage

当地政府决定通过“Théodore Gouvy”剧院的建设来带动地块的发展。市政当局热衷于对这一不断发展的领域给予新的推动，而且这个领域离市中心、旁边的新市政厅和购物中心都很近。这是一个突出的位置，有足够的停车容量供观众使用。剧院已成为这个小镇的复兴象征，它为市中心创造一个新的公共空间。剧院的功能多种多样，演出覆盖生活的各个领域，其中有古典戏剧、当代戏剧、音乐剧、歌剧、舞蹈等。“Théodore Gouvy”剧院设置有700个座位的礼堂，还有周到的后勤服务场所。

The site decided on for the ‘Théodore Gouvy’ theatre is on the Place des Alliés, in Freyming-Merlebach. The municipal authorities were keen to give a new boost to this evolving sector, which is close to the town centre and next to the new town hall and a shopping centre. It is a prominent location, with sufficient parking capacity for the use of audiences. The theatre has become a symbol of the town’s renewal, and its position is generating a new public space in the town centre. The theatre’s programming is pluri-disciplinary, covering every area of live performance: classical theatre (including the use of large-scale sets), contemporary theatre, musical theatre and opera, dance, etc. The ‘Théodore Gouvy’ theatre offers local residents a 700-seat auditorium, with dedicated areas for performers and logistics.

剧院与城市建立了活跃的对话环境，塑造自身以适应当时逻辑和社会背景。建筑基地位于市政厅的旁侧，有着不规则的流线形态，这也确保了不同功能区域之间的视觉过渡，看上去像是一个缩小版的城镇。体量的变化深深吸引着游客，在上部空间，门厅很好地指引入口方向，而在下部，透明元素的使用让使用者能够看到内部丰富的流线。

The theatre sets up an energetic dialogue with the heterogeneous urban landscape, shaping itself to fit the context and logic of the existing flows. It stands on a base, alongside the new municipal offices; its unusual shape and dimensions give it an steamlined silhouette, the lines of which ensure visual transition between the various parts of the programme while keeping on the same scale as the town. The visitor’s interest is caught by the animation of the volumes: in the upper part, the foyer is offset to indicate the entrance, while in the lower part, transparent elements allow glimpses of the wealth of interior routes and invite the visitor to enter.

剖面图/Section 05

门厅占据了一个垂直空间，通过一个明显交织的楼梯通向礼堂。斜向线条强调了建筑的几何形态，创造独特的空间感。

The foyer occupies a vertical space with a route through an apparent intertwining of staircases leading to the auditorium. Oblique lines reiterating the complex geometry of the site cause spaces to expand, creating a feeling of space.

未经处理的石膏和柔软的铺地让人感到放松舒适。自然光增强了各种视觉感，使建筑的形状和尺寸更加突出，建筑流线更加充满戏剧性。

The uniformity of the untreated plaster and the softness of the carpeted floor contribute to the feeling of being in some kind of cocoon. Natural light enhances the various faces and reveals the building’s shape and dimensions.

The route to reach the auditorium is therefore deliberately spectacular and theatrical.

礼堂与建筑表皮形成了强烈的对比，为小镇呈现出一座洁白无暇的建筑，而门厅是米色。拥有700个座位的礼堂观众席与休息室相互呼应，红色、粉色和橙色给空间增加了密度，这是项目的主要特征，表演的理念通过色彩体现它的神圣性。

The auditorium is in strong contrast with the nuanced surfaces of the outer envelope. The building presents the town with an immaculate white facade, while the foyer is in shades of beige. The 700-seat auditorium constitutes a complete break with the foyers. Red, pink and orange lend density to the space, affirming it as the main feature of the project, with colour sanctuarising the idea of performance.

在700多个座位的观众席有着最佳的观影视角，最远的观众距离舞台只有二十米。门厅和公共区域都充满了自然光，白天的光照随着太阳的变化而变化。整个动态空间呼应了戏剧的意象。

Visibility is optimised in the 700 seat auditorium: the most distant spectator is only twenty metres from the front of the stage. The foyer and public areas are flooded with natural light, varying throughout the day with the course of the sun. This evolutive, dynamic spatial staging echoes the very image of the theatre.

“Théodore Gouvy”剧院提供了卓越的声学和舞台艺术性能，舞台上方空间高24米，还有两个分别是17米和19.5米高的小空间，那里是上部廊道和天桥。这些技术配件分布在22米 x 14米的舞台上，舞台台口的测量尺寸为14 x 9米。

The ‘Théodore Gouvy’ theatre offers exceptional acoustic and stagecraft properties; the stage house is 24 metres high, with a grid at a height of 17 metres and an upper grid at a height of 19.50 metres, a catwalk, and two bridges. These technical fittings are arranged around a stage measuring 22 x 14 meters with a proscenium measuring 14 x 9 metres.

场地平面图/Site Plan

图解/Diagram Void

一层平面图/First Floor Plan

二层平面图/Second Floor Plan

立面图/Elevations

建筑设计事务所：Dominique Coulon & associés

位置：法国

主创建筑师：Dominique Coulon, Olivier Nicollas

面积：2850.0平方米

项目时间：2017年

照片：Eugeni Pons, David Romero-Uzeda, Thibaut Muller

助理建筑师：Jean Scherer, David Romero-Uzeda, Ali Ozku, Fanny Liénart, Grégoire Stouck

合作者：Olivier Nicollas

施工监理：Olivier Nicollas

结构工程：Batiserf

机械管道工程师：Solares Bauen

电气工程师：BET G. Jost

成本控制和监测：E3 Economie

高级环境质量顾问：Solares Bauen

声学顾问：Euro Sound Project

透视图制作：Changement à vue

道路设施：Lollier Ingénierie

建筑公司：土方工程道路工程(COLAS)，结构(CARI-FAYAT)，金属结构(ERTCM)，防水工程(COUVREST)，外钢细木工(SOCOMET)，通风外墙(DEOBAT)，金属(MULLER)，室内细木工家具（Jung），抹灰工程（Nespola+Werey Stenger），胶合板地板（SGR），瓷砖地板和墙壁（多服务），室内油漆清洗（DEBRA），电梯设计与安装（ASCLEC），脚手架安装（KAPP），电力系统设计（ETA），供暖通风设计（Schaeffer），给排水设计（(LORRY），机械场景工程（CAIRE），舞台场景幕布（AZUR SCENIC），剧院扶手椅（Delagrave），现场照明和视听系统（SystemESON）

委托方：Communauté de communes Freyming-Merlebach

Architects: Dominique Coulon & associés

Location: 1 Pl. des Alliés, 57800 Freyming-Merlebach, France

Architects in Charge: Dominique Coulon, Olivier Nicollas

Area: 2850.0 m2

Project Year: 2017

Photographs: Eugeni Pons, David Romero-Uzeda, Thibaut Muller

Project Architects assistants: Jean Scherer, David Romero-Uzeda, Ali Ozku, Fanny Liénart, Grégoire Stouck

Competition: Olivier Nicollas

Construction supervision: Olivier Nicollas

Structural engineering: Batiserf

Mechanical Plumbing Engineer: Solares Bauen

Electrical Engineer: BET G. Jost

Cost control and monitoring: E3 Economie

HQE (high environmental quality) consultant: Solares Bauen

Acoustic: Euro Sound Project

Scenographer: Changement à vue

Roads and networks: Lollier Ingénierie

Construction companies: Earthwork road works (COLAS), Structure (CARI-FAYAT), metal structure (ERTCM), water proofing (COUVREST), exterior steel joinery (SOCOMET), ventilated facades (DEOBAT), metal works (MULLER), interior wood joinery – furniture (JUNG), plastering (NESPOLA + WEREY STENGER), glued floors (SGR), tiles floors and walls (MULTI SERVICES), interior painting cleaning (DEBRA), elevators (ASCELEC), scaffolding (KAPP), electricity (ETA), heating ventilation (SCHAEFFER), plombing and drainage (LORRY), Lockmithing, machinery and scenic carpentry (CAIRE), scenic curtains and drapes (AZUR SCENIC), theater armchairs (DELAGRAVE), scenic lighting and audiovisual (SYSTEME SON)

Client: Communauté de communes Freyming-Merlebach