双层镍基超导体、量子信息、扫描透射电子显微镜、激光等离子体 | 本周物理讲座

1

报告人：孙文杰，南京大学

时间：10月14日（周三）10:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

腾讯会议：929-952-481

会议密码：1014

摘要:

报告人简介:

孙文杰博士分别于2019年获得中南大学学士学位，2026年获得南京大学博士学位，2026-至今在南京大学氧化物分子束外延及电子结构表征实验室开展博士后研究，合作导师为聂越峰教授。主要研究方向为镍基超导薄膜的分子束外延制备与电子结构表征，近五年来以第一作者、共同第一作者身份在Nature Physics，Science Advances，Advanced Materials，Physical Review B等国际知名期刊发表相关论文11篇，入选2026年度博士后创新人才支持计划A类。

2

报告人：Dr. Luiz H. G. Tizei，Bruker (Nion) AXS

时间：10月14日（周三）10:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M253会议室

摘要:

Recent advances in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) are redefining the boundaries of spatial,energy,and momentum resolution,enabling unprecedented insights into the structure and functionality of materials at the atomic scale.This presentation will provide a brief introduction to Nion and its history of innovation in electron microscopy,followed by an overview of the company's STEM platforms (UltraSTEM and HERMES).

Emphasis will be placed on the capabilities of the HERMES platform, whose monochromated electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) performance has opened new opportunities for probing low-energy excitations,vibrational modes, and electronic structure with exceptional energy resolution.Selected application examples will illustrate how these advances are enabling new investigations across materials science, nanotechnology,and quantum materials.Recent developments in momentum-resolved vibrational EELS will be discussed,demonstrating how modern monochromated STEM instruments can measure phonon dispersion relations with simultaneously high spatial, momentum, and energy resolution.

The talk will then highlight several emerging frontiers in STEM. These include atomic-resolution imaging and ptychography at temperatures between 10 K and 70 K, for the study of quantum and correlated materials; the direct detection of individual atoms through secondary-electron imaging and spectroscopy; and the integration of light- and electron-optical functionality within a single instrument, creating new opportunities for nanoscale spectroscopy and optical excitation studies.

报告人简介:

Dr. Luiz H. G. Tizei received his PhD in Physics from Campinas State University, Brazil, in 2011. He subsequently conducted postdoctoral research with Mathieu Kociak at the Solid State Physics Laboratory, CNRS, France, and with Kazu Suenaga at AIST in Tsukuba, Japan. From 2014 to 2026, he worked at the Solid State Physics Laboratory, CNRS, first as a researcher and later as a Research Director. In 2026, he joined Bruker AXS (Nion R&D) as a Product Manager. His research interests span condensed matter physics, semiconductor materials, and the development of advanced instrumentation for electron microscopy and spectroscopy.

3

报告人：骆敏，the National University of Singapore

时间：10月15日（周四）10:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M楼253会议室

摘要:

Bacteria must cut their cell wall to divide, yet uncontrolled cleavage can destroy the cell. How do they activate this process at the right place and time? In this talk, I will present structural and functional studies showing how the ATP-powered membrane complex FtsEX controls peptidoglycan cleavage. InEscherichia coli, FtsEX recruits the activator EnvC and uses ATP-dependent conformational changes to promote recruitment and activation of the amidase AmiB. In mycobacteria, FtsEX engages the hydrolase RipC directly, with a distinct binding geometry that suggests how the same regulatory machinery can position cell-wall cleavage differently. I will also discuss emerging structural insights into the FtsEX–FtsZ assembly, connecting hydrolase regulation to the division-site scaffold. Together, these findings explain how an ABC-family machine transmits signals across the membrane to control cell-wall remodelling and reveal adaptations associated with different bacterial division strategies. Understanding this essential process provides a foundation for exploring antibacterial approaches that disrupt the precise control of cell-wall cleavage.

报告人简介:

Dr. Min Luo, Assistant Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at the National University of Singapore. Dr. Luo received his Ph.D. from the University of Missouri–Columbia and completed his postdoctoral training at Harvard Medical School before joining NUS in 2020. His research uses cryo-electron microscopy to understand the structure and molecular mechanisms of membrane proteins and large macromolecular complexes. His current work focuses on ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters involved in bacterial cell division and antibiotic resistance, with particular interest in how higher-order assembly regulates transporter function.

4

报告人：David Andelman，Tel Aviv University, Israel

时间：10月15日（周四）10:30

单位：中国科学院理论物理研究所

地点：北楼322

5

报告人：程焜，University of Pittsburgh

时间：10月15日（周四）14:00

单位：清华大学物理系

地点：物理楼W260会议室

摘要:

The ways that we understand the microscopic world are based on quantum mechanics. Recently, there are growing interests in integrating quantum information with high-energy physics. For quantum information science, particle colliders provide vast number of events and rich benchmark systems. For particle physics, these development introduces new techniques and helps to identify the complete underlying information. In this talk, I will revisit the recent works on connecting particle physics and quantum information science, and discuss the potential impact on both fields.

报告人简介:

I am a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Pittsburgh with general interests in high-energy phenomenology. I obtained my BS degree (2019) and PhD degree (2024) from Peking University. I have general interests in collider physics and BSM phenomenology. My most recent interest is exploring quantum information of different systems produced in collider environments.

6

报告人：Prof. Karl Zeil, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany

时间：10月16日（周五）9:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M253会议室

摘要:

Laser-plasma accelerators (LPAs) provide ultrashort, high-current particle beams with unique potential for applications. At HZDR, their development follows a challenge-driven co-design approach in which accelerator physics, computational science, diagnostics and applications continuously shape and advance one another.

Radiation-based cancer research has been a key driver of this development. The demanding requirements of preclinical irradiation and FLASH research on beam control, dosimetry, stability and reproducibility have pushed laser-driven proton acceleration from fundamental plasma physics towards application-ready performance, culminating in the first tumour irradiation in mice with laser-accelerated protons. The presentation will highlight this interplay between accelerator physics, medical physics and radiobiology, and discuss current opportunities for exploiting the unique temporal characteristics of LPA beams in radiation research.

Complementary milestones, including the first externally seeded free-electron laser driven by laser-plasma-accelerated electrons, demonstrate the broader potential of this co-development philosophy. More recently, fast-neutron spectroscopy using a petawatt-laser-driven neutron source has shown how the resulting capabilities can be opened to new scientific communities and their specific requirements.

The talk will conclude with the research and innovation platform that has emerged from this development, providing a versatile basis for future scientific and industrial collaborations and positioning us well to explore where our expertise can contribute to the emerging field of laser-driven fusion.

报告人简介:

Dr. Karl Zeil is a physicist and research group leader at the Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), specializing in laser-driven ion acceleration. He received his Ph.D. from TU Dresden in 2013, conducting his doctoral research at HZDR on efficient laser-driven proton acceleration in the ultra-short pulse regime. Following his Ph.D., he continued at HZDR as a postdoctoral researcher and subsequently led the HZDR Junior Research Group on Laser Ion Acceleration from 2015 to 2020. Since 2020, he has served as an HZDR Research Fellow and Group Leader for Laser Ion Acceleration. His research focuses on the development and application of high-intensity laser-driven ion sources.

7

报告人：Prof. Tim Ziegler,  Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), Germany

时间：10月16日（周五）9:40

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M253会议室

摘要:

Laser-driven plasma accelerators offer compact sources of intense, ultrashort ion beams for applications ranging from radiobiology to neutron generation and high-energy-density physics. Meeting application requirements for particle energy, yield and reproducibility depends on establishing plasma conditions that enable efficient energy transfer from the laser to accelerated ions. Identifying and controlling the laser–target parameters that govern this transfer remains a central experimental challenge, particularly for petawatt and multi-petawatt facilities.

At HZDR's DRACO-PW facility, sustained efforts to understand and optimise the interaction have culminated in two major milestones: reproducible proton beams enabling the first in vivo tumour irradiation with laser-accelerated protons, and record proton energies of 150 MeV. These advances rely on laser-pulse characterisation at the interaction area under full operating conditions. Correlating these measurements with acceleration performance reveals how preceding laser light shapes the target plasma and guides targeted adjustments of laser and target parameters.

Comparative experiments at DRACO-PW and J-KAREN-P demonstrate how adapting target thickness to laser conditions enhances particle acceleration near the onset of relativistically induced transparency. With only 22 J of laser energy on target, proton beams with reduced divergence and a spectrally distinct high-energy component well beyond 100 MeV could be produced. Combined hydrodynamic and three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations reveal how target pre-expansion enables a cascade of acceleration mechanisms. Measurements of transmitted laser light provide an accessible indicator of the favourable interaction regime.

Together, these results provide practical strategies for improving proton acceleration across petawatt and multi-petawatt facilities. Linking diagnostics, physical understanding and experimental control establishes a foundation for online feedback and reproducible particle beams tailored to application requirements.

报告人简介：

Dr Tim Ziegler is a postdoctoral researcher at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf (HZDR), specialising in ultra-high-intensity laser–plasma interactions and plasma-based particle acceleration. His work combines advanced laser diagnostics, physical understanding and experimental control to improve ion-beam performance and reproducibility. He has participated and coordinated international experimental campaigns at high-power laser facilities worldwide. He earned his doctorate summa cum laude at TU Dresden in 2024 and has been recognised with several awards, including the John Dawson Thesis Prize and the Helmholtz Doctoral Prize. He currently leads HZDR's experimental contribution to Germany’s Fusion2040 programme, developing platforms and diagnostics for high-energy-density physics and fusion research with academic and industrial partners.

8

报告人：马文君，北京大学

时间：10月16日（周五）10:20

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M253会议室

摘要:

Laser-driven protons are promising sources for cancer radiotherapy because of their unique advantages such as high instantaneous flux, small source size and broad energy spread. Recently, FLASH radiotherapy based on laser-driven protons, which delivers dose to a tumor with an ultra-high dose rate, has demonstrated reduced normal-tissue toxicity while preserving tumor-control efficacy. By utilizing PW fs lasers, the generation of protons > 100 MeV has been reported by multiple groups, which further strengthens the feasibility of their clinical use. However, these achievements were mainly achieved in single-shot experiments. For actual implementation of the radiotherapy treatment plan, high-rep and continuous generation of proton beams are essential. In this talk, I will address the critical challenges in high-rep and continuous generation of high-energy protons with PW lasers, and introduce our recent progress towards the development and commissioning of a petawatt-class laser-driven proton acceleration platform at the CLAPA‑II facility. In experiments conducted at 0.1 Hz and 1 PW, the platform consecutively delivered proton pulses with an average proton cutoff energy of 60 ± 5 MeV, and a yield exceeding 10^10 protons per pulse, corresponding to a maximum penetration depth in tissue of approximately 3 cm. These results demonstrate a scalable pathway toward stable proton generation at petawtt-scale laser power, and highlight the potential of laser-proton FLASH radiotherapy for tumours.

报告人简介：

马文君，北京大学博雅特聘教授，国家杰出青年科学基金获得者。长期从事超强激光与物质相互作用及应用研究。开创性地将碳纳米管泡沫靶等先进靶材用于激光驱动的高能离子加速与高亮度X射线产生，多次打破激光离子加速能量记录。近年来致力于发展面向激光质子放疗、先进制程半导体工艺、聚变核能利用等领域的先进粒子与射线源，聚焦其中与靶相关的关键科学与技术问题，促进技术落地。目前担任北京大学副院长，北京激光加速创新中心副主任。

9

报告人：沈晓飞，北京大学

时间：10月16日（周五）11:00

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M253会议室

摘要:

Laser-driven particle accelerators have attracted significant attention because of their ability to sustain orders of magnitude larger acceleration gradients compared to conventional radio-frequency-based systems. Here we report our recent progress on laser-driven ion acceleration and neutron generation. We reveal that even under ideal radiation pressure acceleration, only a power-law energy spectrumdNp/dEp∝Ep-q, rather than a quasimonoenergetic one, is predicted by theory when full three-dimensional spatial dynamics are considered. We discuss potential paths to breaking the spectral universality and achieving quasimonoenergetic proton beams and show our recent experimental results. Building on such laser-driven ion beams, we present their application to the generation of high-flux neutron sources and explore their potential for radiation-effects studies.

报告人简介:

沈晓飞，研究员，北京大学博雅青年学者，国家级青年人才。2014年武汉大学物理科学与技术学院获学士学位；2019年北京大学物理学院获理学博士学位。曾在德国杜塞尔多夫大学、德国马克斯∙普朗克核物理研究所从事研究。主要从事于激光等离子体物理和高能量密度物理的理论与实验研究，包括强激光驱动粒子加速及其在核物理、辐照物理等方面的应用以及新型辐射源和强场量子电动力学等研究。近年来，在Physical Review Letters、Physical Review X等重要学术期刊发表SCI论文近40篇，曾获德国洪堡学者、蔡诗东等离子体物理奖等，主持科技部重点研发青年科学家项目、国家自然科学基金委面上项目、中物院某重大科技专项等项目。

10

报告人：Prabhjot Saini - Editorial Director, Nature Communications, Physics and Earth Sciences

时间：10月19日（下周一）13:30

单位：中国科学院物理研究所

地点：M236会议室

摘要:

In this public talk, Dr. Prabhjot Saini, will introduce Nature Communications and the Nature Portfolio journals. Drawing on her experience leading editorial teams at Springer Nature, she will provide insights into the journals’ scope, editorial processes, and their role in publishing high-impact research. The keynote presentation will be brief, leaving ample time for questions and discussion. Whether you are planning to submit your work or simply curious about the journals, all are welcome to join and ask questions.

报告人简介:

Prabhjot Saini - Editorial Director, Nature Communications, Physics and Earth Sciences: Prabhjot joined Nature Communications in January 2016 as an assistant editor after completing her PhD and postdoctoral placement at Imperial College London. Her research focused on the synthesis of catalysts for copolymerization reactions to produce sustainable oxygenated polymers. Prabhjot led the Bio and Organic Chemistry team of Nature Communications from 2017 to 2022 prior to becoming one of the four Editorial Directors for Nature Communications. She now oversees the journal’s physics, engineering, Earth, and environmental social sciences content and is based in the London office of Springer Nature. Prabhjot is also leading Nature Communications’ AI strategy and focusing on the research output in China.

封面图片来源：

https://www.cinie.net/nuclear-application/

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