北京
来源：滚动播报
（来源：科普中国）
参考文献
[1] CDC：《How Norovirus Spreads》；《Updated Norovirus Outbreak Management and Disease Prevention Guidelines》
https://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/causes/index.html
[2] Oie S, Kawai S. Microbial contamination of hands with or without the use of bidet toilets after defecation. Journal of Water and Health, 2022.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35100172/
[3] CDC：Handwashing Facts
https://www.cdc.gov/clean-hands/data-research/facts-stats/
[4] CDC：《How to Prevent Norovirus》
https://www.cdc.gov/norovirus/prevention/index.html
[5] Crimaldi JP, et al. Commercial toilets emit energetic and rapidly spreading aerosol plumes. Scientific Reports, 2022.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-022-24686-5
[6] Moore JG, et al. Gas-chromatographic and mass-spectrometric analysis of the odor of human feces.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3678751/
[7] Flores GE, et al. Microbial Biogeography of Public Restroom Surfaces. PLOS ONE, 2011.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0028132
[8] CDC：Norovirus Evidence Review
https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/hcp/norovirus-guidelines/evidence-review.html
[9] 中国疾病预防控制中心：《诺如防护指南——家庭消毒篇》
https://www.chinacdc.cn/jkts/202502/t20250221_304470.html
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