商务部回应！（中英对照）

1、有记者问：10月9日，商务部、海关总署发布公告，对相关稀土物项实施出口管制。请问中方有什么考虑？

1.Q: On October 9, the Ministry of Commerce and the General Administration of Customs published an announcement on imposing export control measures on related rare earth items. What are China's considerations behind this?

答：中方发布了关于稀土等相关物项的出口管制措施，这是中国政府依据法律法规，完善自身出口管制体系的正当做法。当前世界局势动荡不安，军事冲突时有发生，中方注意到中重稀土相关物项在军事领域有重要应用。中国是负责任大国，依法对相关物项实施出口管制，目的是更好维护世界和平与地区稳定，履行防扩散等国际义务。

A: China's announcement of export control measures on rare earths and related items is a legitimate action by the Chinese government to refine its export control system in accordance with laws and regulations. In the context of turmoil and frequent military conflicts in the world, China has taken note of the important uses of medium and heavy rare earths and related items in the military field. China, as a responsible major country, employs export controls on related items according to the law, in order to better defend world peace and regional stability, and to fulfill non-proliferation and other international obligations.

中国的出口管制不是禁止出口，对符合规定的申请将予以许可。在措施公布前，中方已通过双边出口管制对话机制向各有关国家和地区作了通报。中方愿与各国加强出口管制对话交流，更好维护全球产业链供应链安全稳定。

China's export controls are not export bans. Licenses will be granted for eligible applications. Before the measures were announced, China had already notified relevant countries and regions through bilateral export control dialogue mechanisms. China stands ready to work with the rest of the world to step up export control dialogue and exchange, so as to better safeguard the security and stability of global industrial and supply chains.

2、有记者问：我们注意到，近日商务部发布公告加强稀土等相关物项出口管制，请问后续将如何实施？

2. Q: We have noted that recently the Ministry of Commerce has issued an announcement strengthening export controls on rare earths and related items. Could you please introduce the follow-up measures of implementation?

答：中国作为负责任大国，始终坚定维护自身国家安全和国际共同安全，始终秉持公正、合理原则立场，审慎适度实施出口管制措施。中方事先已就措施可能对产供链产生的影响进行了充分评估，并确信相关影响非常有限。措施出台前，中方已通过双边出口管制对话机制向各有关国家和地区进行了通报。

A: As a responsible major country, China always firmly safeguards its national security and international common security, always takes a just and reasonable principled position and implements export control measures in a prudential and moderate manner. China had made thorough assessment of the measures' possible impact on industrial and supply chains in advance and is certain that related impact is very limited. Before announcing the measures, China had notified relevant countries and regions through bilateral export control dialogue mechanisms.

后续，中国政府将依法依规开展许可审查，对符合规定的申请予以许可，同时，积极考虑适用通用许可、许可豁免等多种便利化措施，有效促进合规贸易。我想强调的是，中国的出口管制不是禁止出口，只要是用于民用用途的、合规的出口申请，都可以获得批准，相关企业无须担心。中国政府将一如既往地与各国一道，坚定维护世界和平和周边地区稳定，共同保障全球产业链供应链稳定。

Going forward, the Chinese government will conduct reviews in accordance with laws and regulations, grant licenses to eligible applications, as well as actively considering the applicability of facilitation measures such as general licenses and license exemptions to effectively promote legitimate trade. I want to emphasize that China's export controls are not export bans. All applications of compliant export for civil use can get approval, so that relevant businesses have no need to worry. The Chinese government will work with all countries as always, to firmly safeguard world peace and stability in neighboring regions, and jointly maintain the stability of global industrial and supply chains.

3、有记者问：美东时间10月10日，美方宣布，针对中方采取的稀土等相关物项出口管制，将对中方加征100%关税，并对所有关键软件实施出口管制，请问商务部对此有何评论？

3. Q: On October 10 EST, the U.S. announced that, in response to China's export control on rare earths and related items, the U.S. will impose a tariff of 100% on China, and impose export control on all critical software. What are MOFCOM's comments on this?

答：中方注意到有关情况。10月9日，中方发布了关于稀土等相关物项的出口管制措施，这是中国政府依据法律法规，完善自身出口管制体系的正常行为。中国作为负责任大国，始终坚定维护自身国家安全和国际共同安全，始终秉持公正、合理、非歧视的原则立场，审慎适度实施出口管制措施。美方有关表态是典型的“双重标准”。长期以来，美方泛化国家安全，滥用出口管制，对华采取歧视性做法，对半导体设备、芯片等众多产品实施单边长臂管辖措施。美方管制清单物项超过3000项，而中方出口管制清单物项仅900余项。美方使用出口管制最低含量规则由来已久，低至0%。美方相关举措严重损害企业正当合法权益，严重冲击国际经贸秩序，严重破坏全球产供链安全稳定。

A: China has taken note of the situation. On October 9, China released export control measures on rare earths and related items, which are normal actions taken by the Chinese government in accordance with laws and regulations to refine its own export control system. As a responsible major country, China always firmly safeguards its national security and international common security, always takes a just and reasonable principled position and implements export control measures in a prudential and moderate manner. The U.S. remarks reflect textbook "double standard". For a long time, the U.S. has been overstretching the concept of national security, abusing export control, taking discriminatory actions against China, and imposing unilateral long-arm jurisdiction measures on various products including semiconductor equipment and chips. The U.S. Commerce Control List (CCL) covers over 3000 items, whereas China's Export Control List of Dual-use Items only cover about 900. The U.S. has long imposed the 'de minimis' rule for export controls, with a lowest threshold of 0%. These measures of U.S. side have seriously harmed the legitimate and lawful rights and interests of companies, severely disrupted the international economic and trade order, and gravely undermined the security and stability of global industrial and supply chains.

特别是9月中美马德里经贸会谈以来，短短20多天时间，美方持续新增出台一系列对华限制措施，将多家中国实体列入出口管制实体清单和特别指定国民清单；通过穿透性规则任意扩大受管制企业范围，影响中方数千家企业；无视中方关切和善意，执意落地对华海事、物流和造船业301措施。美方的行为严重损害中方利益，严重破坏双方经贸会谈氛围，中方对此坚决反对。

Particularly since the China-U.S. economic and trade talks in Madrid in September, the U.S., in just 20 days, has introduced a string of new restrictive measures targeting China. It has put multiple Chinese entities on the Entity List and Special Designated National List; arbitrarily expanded the scope of control over businesses with the Affiliates Rule that affects thousands of Chinese companies; and persisted with the implementation of Section 301 measures targeting China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding industries in disregard of China's concerns and goodwill. The U.S. actions have severely harmed China's interests and undermined the atmosphere of bilateral economic and trade talks, and China is resolutely opposed to them.

动辄以高额关税进行威胁，不是与中方相处的正确之道。对于关税战，中方的立场是一贯的，我们不愿打，但也不怕打。中方敦促美方尽快纠正错误做法，以两国元首通话重要共识为引领，维护好来之不易的磋商成果，继续发挥中美经贸磋商机制作用，在相互尊重、平等协商基础上，通过对话解决各自关切，妥善管控分歧，维护中美经贸关系稳定、健康、可持续发展。如果美方一意孤行，中方也必将坚决采取相应措施，维护自身正当权益。

Willful threats of high tariffs are not the right way to get along with China. China's position on the trade war is consistent: we do not want it, but we are not afraid of it. China urges the U.S. to promptly correct its wrong practices, adhere to the important consensuses of the phone calls between the two heads of state, protect the hard-won outcomes of consultations, continue to use the China-U.S. economic and trade consultation mechanism, and address respective concerns and properly manage differences through dialogues and on the basis of mutual respect and equal-footed consultation, so as to ensure the stable, sound and sustainable development of the China-U.S. economic and trade relationship. If the U.S. insists on going the wrong way, China will surely take resolute measures to protect its legitimate rights and interests.

4、有记者问：美方将于10月14日对相关中国船舶征收港口费。我们注意到，中方已宣布了相应反制措施。中方对此有何评论？

4. Q: The U.S. will impose port fees on related Chinese vessels on October 14. We have noted that China has announced countermeasures in response. What is China's comment?

答：4月17日，美国贸易代表办公室宣布了对中国海事、物流和造船领域301调查最终措施，将于10月14日起对相关中国船舶征收港口费。美方的做法严重违反世贸组织规则，违背《中美海运协定》平等互惠原则，是典型的单边主义行为。中方已多次表示强烈不满、坚决反对。

A: On April 17, the USTR announced the final action of Section 301 investigation into China's maritime, logistics and shipbuilding sectors and will impose port fees on related Chinese vessels from October 14. The U.S. practice severely violates the WTO rules and breaches the principle of equality and mutual benefit of the China-U.S. Maritime Transport Agreement, and is a typical act of unilateralism. China has repeatedly expressed its strong dissatisfaction and firm opposition.

中美伦敦经贸会谈以来，中方一直与美方就上述措施进行磋商沟通，就301调查报告中对中方的无端指责向美方提供了书面回应，并就双方可在相关产业开展合作提出建议。但美方态度消极，执意实施上述措施，并于10月3日发布公告，明确对中方船舶收费的具体要求。中方为维护自身正当合法权益，不得不采取反制措施，依据《中华人民共和国国际海运条例》等法律法规，决定对涉美船舶收取船舶特别港务费。中方的反制措施是必要的被动防御行为，旨在维护中国产业和企业正当权益，也为了维护国际航运和造船市场的公平竞争环境。希望美方正视自身错误，与中方相向而行，回到对话协商的正确轨道上来。

Since the economic and trade talks in London, China has engaged in consultations and communications with the U.S. on the measures mentioned above, provided a written reply to the groundless accusations against China in the Section 301 investigation report, and made recommendations of potential bilateral cooperation in related industries. However, the U.S. has shown a negative attitude and willfully persists in implementing those measures, issuing a notice on October 3 setting out the specific requirements for imposing fees on Chinese vessels. In order to safeguard its legitimate and lawful rights and interests, China has to take countermeasures and decides to charge special port fees on U.S.-linked vessels in accordance with the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on International Ocean Shipping and other laws and regulations. China's countermeasures are necessary acts of passive defense and are aimed at maintaining the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese industries and enterprises, as well as the level playing-field of the international shipping and shipbuilding markets. It is hoped the U.S. will face up to its mistake, move with China in the same direction, and return to the right track of dialogue and consultation.

来源：商务部网站