马上开学了,老师布置的书没怎么读,时间全用在看闲书上了?
捧着一本真心喜欢的小说或闲书,读到废寝忘食,内心却总冒出一个声音:“这跟我的专业有啥关系?是不是太‘不务正业’了……”
而另一边,老师推荐、权威力赞的经典著作,明明知道该读,却翻两页就困,放那吃灰好久……
Do you ever get so lost in a novel that time slips away, only to hear a voice whisper, "What does this have to do with my major? Am I just wasting time?" Meanwhile, the classics your professors praise sit untouched, because after reading a few pages your eyes grow heavy. This raises a timeless question: Should reading follow interest or duty?
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不妨读点“没有用”的书
读书,到底该跟着兴趣走,还是跟着“应该”走?
新华社原总编辑、郑州大学新闻与传播学院院长南振中先生回答了这个问题。
▌为什么要读经典?
首先说经典。经典指的是具有典范性、权威性的著作,是历史筛选出来的有价值的著作。
意大利新闻工作者、短篇小说家卡尔维诺在《为什么要读经典》一文中写道:“我们年轻时所读的东西,往往价值不大,这是因为我们没耐性、精神不能集中、缺乏阅读技能,或因为我们缺乏人生经验。”
“当我们在成熟时期重读这本书,我们就会重新发现那些现已构成我们内部机制的一部分的恒定事物,尽管我们已回忆不起它们从哪里来。这种作品有一个特殊效力,就是它本身可能会被忘记,却把种子留在我们身上。”为了把“种子留在我们身上”,适当读点经典很有必要。
Both interest and obligation matter. As Italian writer Italo Calvino noted, classics endure because history has refined them. When we are young, we may miss their depth, but revisiting them later reveals truths already rooted within us. Classics plant seeds that shape us long after we finish reading them, which is why they remain essential.
▌“没用”的书要读吗?
再说“没有什么用”的书。对于所谓的无用之书应加以区分:是真没用处,还是有用处但未被发现?是没有直接用处,还是直接、间接用处全没有?是眼下没有用处,还是永远不会有用处?
对于真没用、全没用、永远没用的书,不必去读;对于有潜在用处、间接用处以及将来有可能用得上的书,只要兴趣浓厚,可以尽情浏览,这就是学以备用。
读点经典,读点有用的书,读点感兴趣但暂时没有用处的书,三者兼顾,你的知识积累会越来越雄厚,知识结构也会越来越合理。
What about books that seem "useless"? Their value may be hidden — immediate, indirect or revealed only later. Those that truly offer nothing can be skipped, but works that spark curiosity or joy may become reserves for future growth. Balance is key: let classics shape you, practical works guide you, and "useless" books refresh you — together building both depth and breadth.
2015年寒假前,南振中先生针对学生提出的75个问题逐一回信,并将这些信件汇编成了《大学该怎么读:给大学生的75封回信》。
This perspective comes from Nan Zhenzhong, former Xinhua editor-in-chief and dean at Zhengzhou University, who in 2015 answered 75 student questions and compiled his letters into
How to Navigate University Life: 75 Letters to University Students, a book combining practical guidance with heartfelt advice.
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书中还有许多与大学生活息息相关的暖心又实用的建议,一起来看看吧!
如何摆脱拖延症
想必这些“日常用语”你也无比熟悉:
“等明天状态好了再开工吧!”
“反正还来得及,先刷会儿视频再说。”
“这么多事,根本不知从哪开始……干脆都放着吧!”
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拖延成了学习和工作生活里最常见的“顽疾”。那要怎样才能真正摆脱这种坏毛病呢?
Nan's wisdom, however, does not end with reading. He also confronted the struggle most students know all too well: procrastination. The excuses we make — "I'll start tomorrow", "I'm not in the mood", "there's still plenty of time" — are familiar refrains, but Nan counsels a gentler, practical way forward.
▌第一,从具体的事情做起、从小事做起
当你下决心摆脱拖延症的时候,不要信誓旦旦地说“今后我绝不再拖延”,而是为自己确立一个可操作、能接受、好检查的最低目标。
比如,你可以说“每天花一个小时阅读各类书籍”。小目标一旦确定,就要跟踪检查,看是否有拖延现象发生。具体目标比空泛目标好理解,小目标比大目标好实现。随着时间的推移,小目标会累积成大目标,小改进会累积成大改进。
Start small, with goals that can actually be met, such as reading one hour a day, and let consistency build momentum.
▌第二,保护好你的时间,对于外界的干扰和诱惑,要学会说“不”
你每天要办的事情很多,可将其分为三类:重要而且必须完成的事情;可办可不办的事情;不重要、不必办的事情。应集中精力、集中时间把第一类事情办好,争取按时完成。对于第三类事情,则可以置之不理。
Guard your time by classifying tasks into three categories: essential and urgent, optional, and unnecessary. Pour energy into the first, cut away the last, and treat the middle flexibly.
▌第三,梳理你曾经使用过的借口
比如“我累了,等以后再做吧”;“太忙了,等以后再做吧”;“心里烦,等以后再做吧”。凡是使用过的借口,就不要再用。随着时间的推移,支撑拖延行为的借口会越来越少。
Most importantly, once you've used an excuse, retire it forever; when justifications run out, procrastination loses its grip.
如何减压
作业、考试、社团活动、人际交往……各种事情堆在一起,压得人喘不过气?明明忙到飞起,却越忙越乱,最后啥也没做好,还累得只想躺平……
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别急,这种“压力爆棚”的状态,我们每个人都经历过。
关于如何减压,南振中先生巧妙借鉴了家庭主妇的生活智慧,总结出了一套超级实用的小方法:
25年前我读到一则关于美国家庭主妇的新闻:她把家务劳动分成A、B、C三类。A类是效果明显而又必不可少的;B类是有点效果但可做可不做的;C类是没有效果纯属多余的。
受此启发,我把有效且重要的事项列为“A”类,集中精力快办;把“C”类的事项砍掉;“B”类事项则视情况而定。“忙而不乱”就是这样概括出来的。这种办法你不妨一试。
For stress management, Nan adapts a principle he once read about in an American housewife's method of organizing chores: divide tasks into A, B, and C. A tasks are essential and highly effective, B tasks are somewhat useful but optional, and C tasks are wasteful. By focusing on A, eliminating C, and treating B flexibly, we can stay productive without feeling overwhelmed.
九月将至,面对即将展开的大学生活,这本充满智慧与关怀的作品显得尤为应景,把它放进你的开学书单,或许能让你的大学少一点迷茫,多一点从容。
你的大学初体验是怎样的?有没有什么“过来人”的经验或困惑?欢迎在评论区聊聊!
编辑:左卓
见习编辑:裴禧盈
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