国际前沿 | 巴西将于8月起实施B15和E30燃料标准

巴西将于2025年8月1日起提高强制性生物燃料混合比例要求。这一举措已于6月25日由该国的国家能源政策委员会（CNPE）确认。这是“未来燃料”计划的一部分，旨在加强能源安全、减少排放并促进巴西生物燃料的生产。该决定将生物柴油的混合比例从目前的14%提高到15%，将乙醇的混合比例从27%提高到30%。

据巴西矿业和能源部称，这些新政策预计将带来巨大的经济和环境效益。B15项目预计将带来超过50亿雷亚尔（约合64.46亿人民币）的投资，用于新建大豆加工厂和压榨设施，从而创造超过4000个工作岗位。同时，E30项目每年有望产生超过7亿升的汽油盈余，这些盈余汽油可以出口，从而吸引超过100亿雷亚尔（约合128.91亿人民币）的新投资，并创造超过5万个就业岗位。

政府官员和生物燃料协会对这一决定表示欢迎，他们指出该国有望在五年内实现汽油自给自足。新的规定预计还将减少对化石燃料和进口柴油的依赖，并提升巴西乙醇和生物柴油在全球范围内的竞争力。

在宣布仪式上，巴西矿业与能源部部长亚历山大·西尔维拉表示，该国正努力在经济发展与可持续性之间寻求平衡。他强调了环境方面的益处，并指出在“未来燃料”计划下，避免了7.05亿吨二氧化碳当量的排放。

这种混合燃料的推广举措也被视为对全球油价波动、物流风险以及对清洁能源需求不断增长的回应，这是实现巴西能源结构现代化以及巩固其在全球生物能源转型中领导地位的必要步骤。

虽然具体实施工作由巴西国家石油、天然气及生物燃料管理局（CNPE）负责，但巴西国家石油管理局（ANP）则负责监督合规情况并确保技术可行性。目前，CNPE正在评估在未来几年将乙醇混合比例进一步提高至35%以及将生物柴油比例提高至25%的可能性。

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Brazil to implement B15 and E30 fuel mandates from August

Brazil will increase its mandatory biofuel blending requirements from 1 August 2025. Themove, confirmed by the country's National Energy Policy Council (CNPE) on 25 June, is partof the "Fuel of the Future" programme aimed at strengthening energy security, cuttingemissions, and boosting domestic biofuel production. The decision raises the biodieselblending rate from the current 14% to 15% and ethanol blending rate from 27% to 30%.

According to Brazil's Ministry of Mines and Energy, the new mandates are expected togenerate substantial economic and environmental benefits. B15 is forecast to unlock morethan BRL 5 bilion (USD 896 milion) in investments in new soybean mills and crushingfacilities, creating more than 4,000 jobs. Meanwhile, E30 could generate a surplus of morethan 700 milion litres of gasoline annually which can then be exported, attract more thanBRL 10 bilion (USD 1.79 billion) in new investments and generate more than 50,000 jobs.

Government officials and biofuel associations welcomed the decision, noting that thecountry is on track to achieve gasoline self-sufficiency within five years. The new mandatesare also expected to reduce reliance on fossil fuels and imported diesel, and enhance thecompetitiveness of Brazilian ethanol and biodiesel globally.

Speaking at the announcement, Brazil's Minister of Mines and Energy Alexandre Silveira saidthe country is "working towards a balance between economic development andsustainability." He highlighted the environmental benefits, pointing to avoided emissions of705 million metric tonnes of CO, equivalent under the Fuel of the Future programme.

The blending hike is also seen as a response to global oil price volatility, logistical risks, andincreasing demand for clean energy. Biofuel leaders called it a necessary step to moderniseBrazil's energy matrix and reinforce its leadership in the global bioenergy transition.

While implementation is led by CNPE, Brazil's National Agency for Petroleum, Natural Gasand Biofuels (ANP) is responsible for enforcing compliance and ensuring technical feasibility.The CNPE is currently evaluating the potential to raise the ethanol blend further to 35% andbiodiesel to as much as 25% in the coming years.