中国的新年——“元旦”与“春节”
Chinese New Year --
"New Year's Day" and "Spring Festival"
中国人的新年，有两个——“元旦”与“春节”。作为一个外国人，你是不是对中国的两个“新年”傻傻分不清呢？别急，这就为您说明！
There are two Chinese New Year——“New Year's Day”and“Spring Festival”. As a foreigner, are you confused about the two "New Year" in China? Don't worry, I 'll explain it to you!
首先，咱们还是来扒一扒这两个节日的来历吧！
First of all, let's take a look at the time and histories of these two festivals!
1
“元旦”和“春节”的时间有什么不同？
What is the differences in time between "New Year's Day" and "Spring Festival"?
在中国，由于实行两种不同的历法，新年有不同的定义。
In China, the New Year has different definitions due to the implementation of two different calendars.
按照阳历，也称公历，即公元纪年法，公元年的1月1日开始为新年，即元旦。
According to the solar calendar, also known as the Gregorian calendar, that is, the year of the AD, January 1 of the first year of the New Year, that is, New Year's Day.
按照中国阴历，即农历，每年的正月初一开始为新年，自中华民国开始，现代中国人称之为“春节”，也叫“过年”或“过新年”。
According to the Chinese lunar calendar, that is, the lunar calendar, the first day of the first month of each year begins as the New Year. Since the Republic of China, modern Chinese people call it "Spring Festival", which also known as the "Guonian" or "Guo Xinnian".
2
“元旦”和“春节”的来历有何不同？
What is the differences of source between "New Year's Day" and "Spring Festival" ?
1912年1月1日，中华民国正式成立，这是亚洲第一个民主共和国，也是亚洲第一个实行共和立宪制度的国家，国土面积1141万8174平方公里……孙中山先生把中华民国的国号简称为“中国”，在南京就任临时大总统时，在就职誓词中，孙中山以“中华民国元年元旦”为结尾。这就是中国“元旦”的来历。
On January 1, 1912, the Republic of China was formally established. This was the first Democratic Republic in Asia and the first country in Asia to implement a Republican constitutional system. The land area was 11.418,174 square kilometers ... Mr. Sun Yat-sen referred to the Republic of China as "Zhongguo." When he became the interim president in Nanjing , Sun Yat-sen ended with the "Zhonghua Minguo Yuannian Yuandan (New Year's Day of the Republic of China)" in the oath of office. This is the origin of the "New Year's Day" in China.
“年”是古代中国人民对于一年的丰收的庆祝以及对下一年风调雨顺的期盼。经历了春天的耕种、夏天的殷勤劳作、秋天的收获，冬季作为不适宜农作的季节，通常也是大家走亲访友、全家团圆的良机。
"Year" is the ancient Chinese people's celebration of the harvest of one year and the expectation of the next year. Through the cultivation of spring, the diligent work of summer, the harvest of autumn, winter as a season not suitable for farming, is usually a good opportunity for everyone to visit relatives and friends, family reunion.
3
“元旦”和“春节”都是中国的传统节日吗？
Are "New Year's Day" and "Spring Festival" both traditional Chinese festivals?
公元1949年9月27日，中国人民政治协商会议第一次全体会议，在决定建立中华人民共和国的同时，也决定采用世界通用的公元纪年法，并将公历1月1日正式定为“元旦”，农历正月初一改为“春节”。现代中国为了和国际接轨，所以继承了中华民国使用的公历历法，同时使用公元纪年。所以，“元旦”并不是中国的传统节日，只是一个法定假日。
On September 27, 1949, the first plenary session of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, while deciding to establish the People's Republic of China, also decided to adopt the universal method of the AD and formally designated the Gregorian calendar on January 1 as "New Year's Day". The first day of the first lunar month was changed to "Spring Festival." In order to be in line with the international community, modern Chinese inherit the Gregorian calendar used by the Republic of China and use the AD year at the same time. Therefore, "New Year's Day" is not a traditional Chinese holiday, just a statutory holiday.
而“春节”则是中国的传统节日，其在中国节日中的重要程度相当于西方的圣诞节。除此之外，中国的传统佳节还有除夕（农历十二月三十）、元宵节（农历正月十五）、清明节（农历三月初三）、端午节（农历五月初五）、七夕节（农历七月初七）、中秋节（农历八月十五）、重阳节（农历九月初九）等。
The "Spring Festival" is a traditional Chinese festival. Its importance in Chinese festivals is equivalent to that of Christmas Day in Western world . In addition to that, Chinese traditional festivals also include New Year's Eve(Lunar New Year December 30), Lantern Festival(Lunar New Year's Day 15), Ching Ming Festival(Lunar New Year 3), Dragon Boat Festival(Lunar New Year 5), Tanabata Festival(Lunar New Year 7), Mid-Autumn Festival(Lunar New Year August 15), Chung Yeung Festival(Lunar New Year September Primary 9) and so on.
4
“元旦”和“春节”的放假时长有何不同？
What is the differences of vacation time between "New Year's Day" and "Spring Festival"?
本来元旦当天是放1天假的，但是由于目前中国的调假制度，元旦加上周末一起就有3天假啦！
Originally, New Year's Day was a day off, but due to the current Chinese system of holiday adjustment, there will be 3 days off after New Year's Day and the weekends together!
而中国的春节，按法定是放3天假的（大年三十、初一、初二）——这也体现了中国政府对传统文化的重视和保护——可由于很多在外乡工作的中国人都会在这个一年中最隆重的节日回到故乡与家人团聚，所以很多公司在过年前一周就开始放假了，再加上春节期间还有一周的假期，所以一共有2个星期左右的假期哦！怎么样？是不是羡慕嫉妒恨呢？那就好好学好中文，在中国工作吧！
However, the Chinese Spring Festival, according to the Chinese law is to put 3 days off (New Year's Eve, the first day of the lunar year, the second day of the lunar year)——This also reflects the Chinese government's emphasis on and protection of traditional culture. ——In addition, Since many Chinese who work in other places will return to their hometowns to reunite with their families on the most grand holiday of the year, many companies began their holidays one week before the Spring Festival. And there are about one week's holidays during the Spring Festival, so it is a two-week vacation! How's it going? Are you jealous? Then learn Chinese well and work in China, please!
关于“元旦”和“春节”，如果您还有其他疑问，欢迎评论本文！
If you have any other questions about New Year's Day and Spring
Festival, please comment on this article!
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